Japani_ki_lisaniyati_Nazam_or_bhol_chal

JPANI KA LASANIYATI NAZAAM AUR
BOOL CHAL By Maqssoq Hasni
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Compiled By: Dr. M. Riaz Anjum
-Tara
This usage is extremely common because it's simple, fast,
and versatile (it can
mean either "if" or "when"). The -tara form is just the simple
past-tense verb form
(-ta or -da) plus -ra. So iku becomes ittara and yomu
becomes yondara. -I
adjectives use their simple past, while -na ajectives and
nouns take dattara (the simple past form of da).
However, this form also has some subtlety. It's important to
understand that-tara expresses completed action. The
dependent clause has finished occurring before whatever
happens in the independent clause. (Thus, it is similar to
the -ta toki form described above).
Furthermore, the meaning differs somewhat depending on
the tense of the final verb. A -Tara, B -mashita (past tense)
means "A occurred, then B happened." It is translated as
"when." For example, Mado o aketara, samuku narimashita
means, "when I opened the window, I got cold." But A -tara,
B -masu (present/future tense) means that if or when A
occurs, B will occur. It is translated as "when" in cases
where it is reasonably certain that A will occur, and "if"
otherwise. For example, Mado o aketara, samuku narimasu
means "if you open the window, I'll get cold" and kuraku
nattara, kaeranakereba narimasen means "when it gets
dark, I have to return home."
A final note about -tara is that it is preferred in the case of
neutral or accidental happenings over the other forms
described here. So if you say Kaigi ni ittara, tomodachi ni
aimashita, it means that you met your friend at the meeting,
and it was either accidental (in which case that sentence
can start a conversation-- "Hey!
I saw Joan at the meeting!") or neutral (in which case that
sentence answers the question, "When did you meet your
friend?").
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JPANI KA LASANIYATI NAZAAM AUR
BOOL CHAL By Maqssoq Hasni
Compiled By: Dr. M. Riaz Anjum
japani articles ki baja’ay particles (wa, ga, no, o, e, ni, de,
ka) estamal main latay hain.
Instead of, Japanese uses these are found after the word
they modify.
Anata wa yasashii.
Nice (particle) you
Aap achy hain.
you are nice.
Wa jumlay kay topic ki nishan;dahi kar raha hai bilkul
angraizi kay "as for" ki tara. Ga shows the emphasized or
active subjects. Subtle difference.
Hiroshi san wa sensei desu.
Hiroshi udtad hai.
Hiroshi (as for) teacher is.
Hiroshi is a teacher.
Nara
Jab kisi mukhsus moamlay ki taraf ishara kiya jar aha to
Nara ka estamal kiya jata hai. Teh’shuda aur motwaqay
omoor kay liay nara ka estamal nahai hota. Nara ka bohat
hi kam estamal hota hai.
Raishuu nara hima desu
if you're talking about next week, I am free.
-Te ka eak amal ko jornay kay liay jumlay kay darmiyan
main estamal kartay hain.is. Baz’oqaat mamlaat
itfaqi/causal nahain hotay likin wahan -Te shartiya estamal
hota hai.
(This is the same -te form as is used for a variety of other
forms, like requests and progressive action;
It is the same as the -ta form, just using -te instead).
Ano resutoran de tabete byoki ni narimashita.
Jab mein nay os hotal say (khana) khaya, (tab hi say) bimar
ho giya hoon.
When I ate at that restaurant, I became sick.
Literally means:
I ate at that restaurant and became sick.
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