vgbe energy journal 11 (2022) - International Journal for Generation and Storage of Electricity and Heat

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Steam turbines and steam turbine operation – A topical issue Dear readers, At the beginning of 2020 we were all confronted with an event unknown to us - a pandemic. With a heavy heart we decided to postpone the symposium “Steam turbines and steam turbine operation”, originally planned for 2020, to 2021. But we had done the maths without the host. Even in 2021, the pandemic-related restrictions did not allow us to hold such an event in a secure manner. However, the crash course we all took in the use and further development of online formats offered us the opportunity to try our hand at an online format for the symposium in 2021. And I think with success. However, even though we will not want to and will not be able to permanently do without the digitalisation facilitations we have come to love in the spatial and temporal sense in the future. An event like the Steam Turbine Conference lives not only from the technical content, but in a special way from the interpersonal contacts, from networking and the shared experience. In this respect, it was particularly pleasing that the “Steam Turbines and Steam Turbine Operation 2022” symposium could take place as an attendance event in Cologne. Approximately 260 participants attended the event, who were able to obtain information about products and services from 37 exhibitors at the trade exhibition. Of course, the lectures at the symposium play a central role. Here the main topics were: –– Repair options and measures for steam turbines on steam turbines –– Numerical analyses and reverse engineering –– Retrofits and possibilities for plant optimisation –– Steam quality and analysis –– Government regulations on the energy market (Grid Code, Energy Tax Act) Since the symposium in June, the topic of government requirements on the energy market has once again taken on a new significance. The ambitious climate protection goals that have been set are to be achieved through increasingly stringent implementation of the energy turnaround and decarbonisation by industry and society. The actual implementation of the goals through the nuclear and coal phase-out, the expansion of renewable energies, energy storage and gas-fired generation as well as through the entry into the hydrogen economy would be challenge enough for all energy plant manufacturers and operators. The nuclear phase-out and the implementation of the proposals of the Commission “Growth, Structural Change and Employment” on the coal phase-out into concrete legislation had already unfolded their corresponding effects on the industry, both for operators and for manufacturers and service providers. In addition to the decisions to decommission power plants, various power plants were also kept on standby to ensure security of supply. Since the beginning of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, security of supply has now taken on another, previously underestimated dimension. Up to this point, the topic was discussed more in the technical framework between redispatch and system stability and was almost postulated as a given. Now the fatal import dependency of the EU - and especially Germany - on natural gas, coal and crude oil has hit the collective consciousness, and with it the desire for self-sufficiency from Russian energy supplies. Apart from questions such as how to deal with the Schwedt refinery and its importance for the fuel supply in north-eastern Germany, securing the gas supply is the greatest challenge for Germany and Europe. Around 50 % of natural gas consumption in Germany was purchased from Russia in 2021. That is approx. 55 billion m 3 . This corresponded to the maximum transport capacity of Nord Stream I. Work is feverishly underway to replace this with LNG, but the quantities required pose a challenge in any case. Whether it will be possible to build a complex chemical-processing infrastructure on a greenfield site (or rather in the Wadden Sea) in Germany within a very short time remains to be seen, given the approval and construction times for other projects. Four sites have now been selected and work is underway. Building the energy system of the future based on electricity, heat and hydrogen from renewable generation in combination with energy storage and intelligent consumption remains a top priority. In this context, the use of natural gas for power generation was and is intended to have an appropriate bridging function. However, things sometimes develop differently than one thinks, and current events are shaking up this adjustment process. In any case, politicians have recognised the point of secure generation. On 7 July 2022, the Deutscher Bundestag passed the Act on the Provision of Replacement Power Plants. More and more power plant units are being brought back into continuous operation from the grid reserve. Making a plant from the reserve fit for longer continuous operation and operating it in the shortest possible time would be a challenge even in times when there is no shortage of personnel or materials. Ingenuity and unconventional solutions are needed here. There is certainly no shortage of topics for future joint work in vgbe energy e.V.. Hartmut Strangfeld Dipl.-Ing., RWE Power AG, Grevenbroich Chair of the Technical Committee “Steam Turbines” at vgbe energy e.V. vgbe energy journal 11 · 2022 | 1
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