A Study of Lean Construction Practices in Gaza Strip

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List of Figures Figure 2.1: Reduction of cycle time................................................................................ 11 Figure 2.2: Last Planner planning................................................................................... 18 Figure 2.3: Seven wastes ................................................................................................ 24 Figure 4.1: Procedure of the application of lean principles ................................ …..… 37 Figure 4.2: Application of lean to mobilization and excavation..................................... 52 Figure 4.3: Excavation process data ............................................................................... 53 Figure 4.4: Laboratory process data ............................................................................... 53 Figure 4.5: Application of lean to plain concrete ........................................................... 54 Figure 4.6: Formwork process data ................................................................................ 54 Figure 4.7: Casting plain concrete process data ............................................................. 55 Figure 4.8: Remove form work process data.................................................................. 55 Figure 4.9: Comparing value added steps to value added time ...................................... 68 Figure 4.10: Cause of failure .......................................................................................... 69 Figure 4.11:Simulation model ........................................................................................ 69 Figure 4.12: Duration variability before introducing buffer........................................... 73 Figure 4.13: Duration variability after introducing buffer.............................................. 78 Figure 4.14: Actual PPC of each week........................................................................... 80 Figure 4.15: Average PPC of each four week ................................................................ 81 XII
Chapter One Introduction Lean production was originally encapsulated within the Toyota Manufacturing System and is well articulated by Womack (1990). Lean thinking subsequently became the generic term to describe universal application beyond manufacturing (Womack and Jones, 1996). The ideas of lean thinking comprise a complex amalgam of ideas including continuous improvement, flattened organization structures, teamwork, the elimination of waste, efficient use of resources and co-operative supply chain management. Within the UK construction industry, the language of lean thinking has become synonymous with the best practice. Confidence in these ideas remains so high that the lean construction is an established component of construction best practice (Green et al., 2005). Lean construction much like current practice has the goal of better meeting customer needs while using less of everything. But unlike current practice, lean construction rests on production management principles. The result is a new project delivery system that can be applied to any kind of construction but it is particularly suited for complex, uncertain, and quick projects (Gregory et al., 1999). Projects in the Gaza Strip are characterized by: low productivity, errors, poor coordination, bad reputation, high accident rates, insufficient quality and overruns in cost and schedule…etc.(Yahia, 2004). The study was applied to a construction company, with wide experience in the field of construction in Gaza Strip. The craftsmen with more than 10 years experience were met so as to compare their productivity with that of those working at the Center National of Animation Enterprises and Treatment of Information for Labor in Algeria. The reason of lack of percent plan complete of work in the process, which means the rate of the processes that were applied compared with that which should be applied, was defined from the engineer in Abu Shahla office by using the five why tools of lean construction. Finally, the result of applying lean construction, its methodology, and tools were offered. 1
Page 1: The Islamic University of Gaza Dean
Page 4 and 5: Acknowledgment I would like to expr
Page 6 and 7: ABSTRACT This research deals with t
Page 8 and 9: 2.5.6 Increase Output Flexibility .
Page 10 and 11: Appendices Appendix (A): Daily Repo
Page 12 and 13: List of Tables Table 2.1: Conceptua
Page 16 and 17: 1.1 Statement of the Problem Most o
Page 18 and 19: 2.1 Lean Construction History Chapt
Page 20 and 21: 2.3 Impact of Lean Construction Acc
Page 22 and 23: Table 2.1 Conceptualization of lean
Page 24 and 25: for measuring the percent plan comp
Page 26 and 27: 2.5.6 Increase output flexibility F
Page 28 and 29: � The more wastes inherent in the
Page 30 and 31: 3. System requires the need to deve
Page 32 and 33: the work flow, material flow, produ
Page 34 and 35: • Straighten Next, materials were
Page 36 and 37: Material Productivity = Total Outpu
Page 38 and 39: investigation showed that 25 percen
Page 40 and 41: 7. Poor technology of equipment. 8.
Page 42 and 43: 2. Unnecessary material handling. 3
Page 44 and 45: inventory (Wrong storage of materia
Page 46 and 47: Main Activity Mobilization and exca
Page 48 and 49: 4. Sort the candidates in order of
Page 50 and 51: 4.2 Project Activities Lean constru
Page 52 and 53: Table 4.2 represents the resources,
Page 54 and 55: Main Activity Slab work Building wo
Page 56 and 57: 4.4.1 Mobilization and excavation T
Page 58 and 59: 4.4.4 Neck column Table (4.6) shows
Page 60 and 61: 4.4.7 Ground beam The twelve proces
Page 62 and 63: 4.4.10 Ground floor slab The eleven
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No. 9 10 11 Table 4.14 Non-value ad
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4.5 Remove or Reduce the Influence
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The result by using arena simulatio
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Table 4.17 Simulation results No. A
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Table 4.17 Simulation results (Cont
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4.5.3 Foundation Table (4.20) shows
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4.5.7 Ground beam Table (4.24) show
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4.5.11 Column first floor Table (4.
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4.6 Identify the Cause of Waste Tab
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Percent of value adding time 35% 30
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Table 4.33 Total project duration N
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Then, the processes with the greate
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number of workers to 12 workers sho
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Activity Process Ground floor Colum
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Actual project duration was 6000 ho
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Date Process Assigned Process Compl
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5.1 Conclusion Chapter Five Conclus
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References 1. Abudallah Fawaz , (20
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27. Graham, P. and Smithers, G., (1
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51. Serpell, A.; Venturi, A. and Co
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Appendices (A) Daily report Date Ac
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04/09/2003 06/09/2003 07/09/2003 08
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18/12/2003 20/12/2003 21/12/2003 22
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11/04/2004 12/04/2004 13/04/2004 14
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Appendix (B) Arena Simulation Compu
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Appendix (C ) Simulation result of
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A Study of Lean Construction Practices in Gaza Strip

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