A Study of Lean Construction Practices in Gaza Strip

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Main Activity Mobilization and excavation Plain concrete Foundation work Neck column Back filling Ground beam Column work Ground floor Slab work Table 3.1 Productivity of resources in Gaza Strip Activity process Excavation work M 3 Form work M 3 Cast plain concrete M 3 Remove form work M 3 Form work M 3 Fix neck column M 3 Cast foundation M 3 Remove form work M 3 Form work M 3 Cast concrete M 3 Remove form work M 3 First layer M 3 Second layer M 3 Final layer M 3 Form work M 3 Cast concrete M 3 Remove form work M 3 Fix steel column M 3 Form work M 3 Cast concrete M 3 Remove form work M 3 Preparation work M 2 Steel work M 2 Mechanic work M 2 Cast concert M 2 Form work M 2 Hollow cement Block work M 2 Steel work M 2 Electric work M 2 Cast concrete M 2 Remove form work M 2 Unit Minimum 32 Unit/hours Most likely Maxim um 57.69 62.5 68.18 0.625 0.875 1 0.75 0.875 1 0.58 0.7 0.875 0.625 0.875 1.125 0.648 0.81 1.08 5.77 6.5 12 2.62 3.25 4.31 0.072 0.083 0.147 0.083 0.1 0.125 0.31 0.375 0.46 17.85 20.8 22.3 25 31.25 41.66 25 31.25 41.66 0.28 0.4 0.58 0.083 0.1 0.125 0.7 0.93 1.125 1.81 2.26 3 0.176 0.2 0.35 0.4 0.48 0.6 1.51 1.81 2.26 33.33 36.36 40 14.28 14.81 15.38 66.7 80 100 66.7 80 100 6.55 7.37 8.42 9.83 11.8 14.75 6.55 7.37 8.42 6 8 12 8 9 10 4.91 5.9 7.37
Main Activity Building work 3.2.2 Secondary Sources Table 3.1 Case study productivity (Cont.) Activity process Building under the window M 2 Lintel work under window ML Cast lintel under the windows ML Remove form work ML Building behind the widows M 2 Lintel work behind window ML Cast lintel up the windows ML Remove form work ML Building up the window M 2 Unit Minimum Unit/hours Most likely Maximum 2.07 2.17 2.38 15.91 19.1 23.87 47.75 63.66 95.5 23.87 31.83 47.75 2.65 2.8 3.18 15.91 19.1 23.87 47.75 63.66 95.5 47.75 31.83 93.87 2.07 2.17 2.38 The secondary sources include books, references, journals and magazines, and papers related to the research subject. 3.3 Application of Lean Principles in Construction Standardization was used to reduce the waste in the process by using the data of (Table 3.1). The five why tools were used to identify the causes of waste and reduce the number of steps. The following ten points were used to define the biggest non- value added process in the project by using arena simulation in order to reduce non value added. More details of Arena Simulation are given in appendix (B). 1. Select all non value-added activities in the simulation model (candidates for improvement). Use the definition provided by (Koskela, 1992) in the previous section to focus on activities that do not add value to the operation. 2. Set the task durations of the improvement candidates to zero (one at a time). Although, in many cases, eliminating these activities is not possible or practical, doing so will allow one to determine their significance on the model output. 3. Produce simulation results (run the simulation). 33
Page 1: The Islamic University of Gaza Dean
Page 4 and 5: Acknowledgment I would like to expr
Page 6 and 7: ABSTRACT This research deals with t
Page 8 and 9: 2.5.6 Increase Output Flexibility .
Page 10 and 11: Appendices Appendix (A): Daily Repo
Page 12 and 13: List of Tables Table 2.1: Conceptua
Page 14 and 15: List of Figures Figure 2.1: Reducti
Page 16 and 17: 1.1 Statement of the Problem Most o
Page 18 and 19: 2.1 Lean Construction History Chapt
Page 20 and 21: 2.3 Impact of Lean Construction Acc
Page 22 and 23: Table 2.1 Conceptualization of lean
Page 24 and 25: for measuring the percent plan comp
Page 26 and 27: 2.5.6 Increase output flexibility F
Page 28 and 29: � The more wastes inherent in the
Page 30 and 31: 3. System requires the need to deve
Page 32 and 33: the work flow, material flow, produ
Page 34 and 35: • Straighten Next, materials were
Page 36 and 37: Material Productivity = Total Outpu
Page 38 and 39: investigation showed that 25 percen
Page 40 and 41: 7. Poor technology of equipment. 8.
Page 42 and 43: 2. Unnecessary material handling. 3
Page 44 and 45: inventory (Wrong storage of materia
Page 48 and 49: 4. Sort the candidates in order of
Page 50 and 51: 4.2 Project Activities Lean constru
Page 52 and 53: Table 4.2 represents the resources,
Page 54 and 55: Main Activity Slab work Building wo
Page 56 and 57: 4.4.1 Mobilization and excavation T
Page 58 and 59: 4.4.4 Neck column Table (4.6) shows
Page 60 and 61: 4.4.7 Ground beam The twelve proces
Page 62 and 63: 4.4.10 Ground floor slab The eleven
Page 64 and 65: No. 9 10 11 Table 4.14 Non-value ad
Page 66 and 67: 4.5 Remove or Reduce the Influence
Page 68 and 69: The result by using arena simulatio
Page 70 and 71: Table 4.17 Simulation results No. A
Page 72 and 73: Table 4.17 Simulation results (Cont
Page 74 and 75: 4.5.3 Foundation Table (4.20) shows
Page 76 and 77: 4.5.7 Ground beam Table (4.24) show
Page 78 and 79: 4.5.11 Column first floor Table (4.
Page 80 and 81: 4.6 Identify the Cause of Waste Tab
Page 82 and 83: Percent of value adding time 35% 30
Page 84 and 85: Table 4.33 Total project duration N
Page 86 and 87: Then, the processes with the greate
Page 88 and 89: number of workers to 12 workers sho
Page 90 and 91: Activity Process Ground floor Colum
Page 92 and 93: Actual project duration was 6000 ho
Page 94 and 95: Date Process Assigned Process Compl
Page 96 and 97:
5.1 Conclusion Chapter Five Conclus
Page 98 and 99:
References 1. Abudallah Fawaz , (20
Page 100 and 101:
27. Graham, P. and Smithers, G., (1
Page 102 and 103:
51. Serpell, A.; Venturi, A. and Co
Page 104 and 105:
Appendices (A) Daily report Date Ac
Page 106 and 107:
04/09/2003 06/09/2003 07/09/2003 08
Page 108 and 109:
18/12/2003 20/12/2003 21/12/2003 22
Page 110 and 111:
11/04/2004 12/04/2004 13/04/2004 14
Page 112 and 113:
Appendix (B) Arena Simulation Compu
Page 114:
Appendix (C ) Simulation result of
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A Study of Lean Construction Practices in Gaza Strip

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