A Study of Lean Construction Practices in Gaza Strip

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ABSTRACT This research deals with the problem of waste in time, materials, resources and achievement of customer needs. This study has been applied to a contracting company in the construction of a project located in GAZA. The main objective of this study is to apply the principles of lean to the construction in the Gaza Strip. The mechanism of research implementation consists of two stages: Stage one: Theoretical study of various Arabic and English references and Master researches from the Islamic University, studies that deal with the waste and the problem of contractors’ performance. The criteria that have been derived can be applied to construction projects in the Gaza Strip. Stage two: The methodology of applying lean construction was represented in 10 points, the standardization tools and the five why tools as described in the current study in order to achieve the lean construction in reducing the activity and steps, thus minimizing the duration by the elimination of the non-value added process in the activity by using arena simulation. The study of the project has been implemented in the Gaza strip because of the lack of projects under construction due to the situation in the Gaza Strip. The data of the project was taken from the daily reports. These reports showed the duration and steps of the process for executing the project. Measuring the value and the non-value added in the process that used standardization tools and showed the cause of waste by using the five why tools. Consequently, defining solution to deal with them. Using simulation was to measure the effect of non-value added on each process in the project. Results showed that using lean construction reduced the number of steps in the whole project by 57%. The non-value added decreased from 81% to 14% in the duration of the project. The total cycle time of the project was reduced by 75%. Lean construction is new in the field of construction in the world in general and in the Arab countries in particular. After proving the potential of applying lean, the focus should be on obstacles of lean implementation. IV
Table of Contents Dedication.........................................................................................................................I Acknowledgment.............................................................................................................II Arabic Abstract............................................................................................................. III Abstract.......................................................................................................................... IV Table of Contents........................................................................................................... V List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................. VIII List of Tables ................................................................................................................. IX List of Figures............................................................................................................... .XI Chapter One: Introduction 1. 1 Statement of the problem............................................................................ 2 1. 2 Research aim and objectives....................................................................... 2 1.3 Methodology outline................................................................................... 2 1.4 Thesis contents............................................................................................ 2 Chapter Two: Lean Construction 2.1 The history of Lean Construction ................................................................... 4 2.2 Lean Construction Definition ......................................................................... 5 2.3 Impact of Lean Construction .......................................................................... 6 2.4 Lean Construction Principles...........................................................................6 2.4.1 Value ........................................................... 6 2.4.2 Value Stream ........................................................... 6 2.4.3 Flow ........................................................... 7 2.4.4 Pull ........................................................... 7 2.4.5 Perfection ........................................................... 7 2.5 Criteria of Lean construction ......................................................................... 9 2.5.1 Non Value-Added Activities Reduction.......................................... 9 2.5.2 Increase Output Value ................................................................... 9 2.5.3 Variability Reduction....................................................................... 9 2.5.4 Cycle Time Reduction ................................................................... 10 2.5.5 Simplify by Minimizing the Number of Steps............................... 11 V
Page 1: The Islamic University of Gaza Dean
Page 4 and 5: Acknowledgment I would like to expr
Page 8 and 9: 2.5.6 Increase Output Flexibility .
Page 10 and 11: Appendices Appendix (A): Daily Repo
Page 12 and 13: List of Tables Table 2.1: Conceptua
Page 14 and 15: List of Figures Figure 2.1: Reducti
Page 16 and 17: 1.1 Statement of the Problem Most o
Page 18 and 19: 2.1 Lean Construction History Chapt
Page 20 and 21: 2.3 Impact of Lean Construction Acc
Page 22 and 23: Table 2.1 Conceptualization of lean
Page 24 and 25: for measuring the percent plan comp
Page 26 and 27: 2.5.6 Increase output flexibility F
Page 28 and 29: � The more wastes inherent in the
Page 30 and 31: 3. System requires the need to deve
Page 32 and 33: the work flow, material flow, produ
Page 34 and 35: • Straighten Next, materials were
Page 36 and 37: Material Productivity = Total Outpu
Page 38 and 39: investigation showed that 25 percen
Page 40 and 41: 7. Poor technology of equipment. 8.
Page 42 and 43: 2. Unnecessary material handling. 3
Page 44 and 45: inventory (Wrong storage of materia
Page 46 and 47: Main Activity Mobilization and exca
Page 48 and 49: 4. Sort the candidates in order of
Page 50 and 51: 4.2 Project Activities Lean constru
Page 52 and 53: Table 4.2 represents the resources,
Page 54 and 55: Main Activity Slab work Building wo
Page 56 and 57:
4.4.1 Mobilization and excavation T
Page 58 and 59:
4.4.4 Neck column Table (4.6) shows
Page 60 and 61:
4.4.7 Ground beam The twelve proces
Page 62 and 63:
4.4.10 Ground floor slab The eleven
Page 64 and 65:
No. 9 10 11 Table 4.14 Non-value ad
Page 66 and 67:
4.5 Remove or Reduce the Influence
Page 68 and 69:
The result by using arena simulatio
Page 70 and 71:
Table 4.17 Simulation results No. A
Page 72 and 73:
Table 4.17 Simulation results (Cont
Page 74 and 75:
4.5.3 Foundation Table (4.20) shows
Page 76 and 77:
4.5.7 Ground beam Table (4.24) show
Page 78 and 79:
4.5.11 Column first floor Table (4.
Page 80 and 81:
4.6 Identify the Cause of Waste Tab
Page 82 and 83:
Percent of value adding time 35% 30
Page 84 and 85:
Table 4.33 Total project duration N
Page 86 and 87:
Then, the processes with the greate
Page 88 and 89:
number of workers to 12 workers sho
Page 90 and 91:
Activity Process Ground floor Colum
Page 92 and 93:
Actual project duration was 6000 ho
Page 94 and 95:
Date Process Assigned Process Compl
Page 96 and 97:
5.1 Conclusion Chapter Five Conclus
Page 98 and 99:
References 1. Abudallah Fawaz , (20
Page 100 and 101:
27. Graham, P. and Smithers, G., (1
Page 102 and 103:
51. Serpell, A.; Venturi, A. and Co
Page 104 and 105:
Appendices (A) Daily report Date Ac
Page 106 and 107:
04/09/2003 06/09/2003 07/09/2003 08
Page 108 and 109:
18/12/2003 20/12/2003 21/12/2003 22
Page 110 and 111:
11/04/2004 12/04/2004 13/04/2004 14
Page 112 and 113:
Appendix (B) Arena Simulation Compu
Page 114:
Appendix (C ) Simulation result of
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A Study of Lean Construction Practices in Gaza Strip

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