Classical Mythology, 7th Edition - obinfonet: dia logou

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268 THE MYTHS OF CREATION: THE GODS Mercury, by Giovanni Bologna (known as Giambologna, 1529-1608). Bronze, 1576; height 25 in. Giambologna has taken the classical attributes of Hermes— the petasus, caduceus, and winged sandals—and combined them with the nude figure of a running man to create a masterpiece of Late Renaissance Mannerism. (Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence. Courtesy of Alinari/Art Resource, New York.) Statues of Hermes, called herms (singular, herm), were common in the ancient world and symbols of fertility. They were intended to bring prosperity and luck. In the classical period, a herm might be found outside any house; and these herms could be taken very seriously. In appearance, they were square pillars equipped with male genitals; on top of each was the head of Hermes. These phallic statues probably marked areas regarded as sacred or designated, at least originally, the bounds of one's home or property. To sum up, many of the functions of Hermes can be characterized by his role as a creator and crosser of boundaries and an interme<strong>dia</strong>ry between two
HERMES 269 THE MUTILATION OF THE HERMS Some ancient Greeks did believe in their gods. A historical incident concerning herms warns us to be wary of facile generalizations about Greek religious attitudes. In 415 B.C., on the eve of the great Athenian expedition against Sicily, the herms in the city of Athens were mutilated during the night. The religious scandal that ensued became a political football; the general Alcibiades was charged and the consequences were serious—quite a fuss over phallic statues of a god in a period fraught with sophistic skepticism, agnosticism, and atheism. Alcibiades was also charged with the parody and desecration of the Eleusinian mysteries of Demeter in a private home; he called himself Hierophant and wore a robe like that of the high priest when he shows the holy secrets to the initiates (Plutarch, Alcibiades 22. 3; see also Thucydides 6.27-29). different worlds. His herms served to mark the boundaries between one's property and that of another and what has to be bridged. As a messenger of the gods, Hermes joins the human with the divine realm of the Olympians; as psychopompos he brings mortals across the barriers of the Underworld. As a god of young men, Hermes stands as an exemplar of the critical rite of passage between youth and Hermes. Attic red-figure cup by the Euaion painter, ca. 460 B.c. Hermes stands with his attributes of petasus, caduceus, and winged boots. He wears the traveler's cloak and is bearded. Compare Giambologna's bronze, page 268. (Paris, Louvre.)
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CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY
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Oxford University Press Oxford New
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PLATES, MAPS, AND FIGURES ix PREFAC
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PLATES, MAPS AND FIGURES COLOR PLAT
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PLATES, MAPS AND FIGURES XI 81 Oedi
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PREFACE This is the seventh edition
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PREFACE XV The Introduction in prev
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ABOUT THE AUTHORS Mark Morford is P
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CHAPTER 1 INTERPRETATION AND DEFINI
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INTERPRETATION AND DEFINITION OF CL
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CHAPTER 2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF GREEK MYTH
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CHAPTER 3 MYTHS OF CREATION There w
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MYTHS OF CREATION 53 Another myth o
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MYTHS OF CREATION 55 wonder to prim
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MYTHS OF CREATION 57 Selene, and Eo
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MYTHS OF CREATION 59 Selene's conti
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MYTHS OF CREATION 61 simply and eff
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MYTHS OF CREATION 63 love, lay on G
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MYTHS OF CREATION 65 after he is de
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MYTHS OF CREATION 67 Gigantomachy.
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MYTHS OF CREATION 69
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MYTHS OF CREATION 71 for power agai
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MYTHS OF CREATION 73 ing a branch,
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MYTHS OF CREATION 75 8. See the bib
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ZEUS' RISE TO POWER: THE CREATION O
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THE TWELVE OLYMPIANS: ZEUS, HERA, A
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 129 dition,
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 131 He argue
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 133 all the
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 135
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 137 solutely
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 139 group of
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 141 Croesus,
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 143 Yet ther
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THE NATURE OF THE GODS 145 and God
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CHAPTER 7 POSEIDON, SEA DEITIES, GR
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POSEIDON, SEA DEITIES, GROUP DIVINI
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CHAPTER 8 ATHENA THE BIRTH OF ATHEN
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ATHENA 159 all honoring Athena, who
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ATHENA 161 brate the festival of th
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ATHENA 163 birth Athena was reared
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ATHENA 165 Athena. Detail from an A
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ATHENA 167 in a more generic and ab
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ATHENA 169 oning progress and the a
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CHAPTER 9 APHRODITE AND EROS As we
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APHRODITE AND EROS 173
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APHRODITE AND EROS 175 The Godhead
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APHRODITE AND EROS 177 The goddess
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APHRODITE AND EROS 179 youth. Obvio
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APHRODITE AND EROS 181 Venus and An
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APHRODITE AND EROS 183 tiful woods
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APHRODITE AND EROS 185 taken his de
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APHRODITE AND EROS 187 honors, alth
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APHRODITE AND EROS 189 able to tell
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APHRODITE AND EROS 191 a feast and
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APHRODITE AND EROS 193 SOCRATES AND
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APHRODITE AND EROS 195 bridegroom v
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APHRODITE AND EROS 197 ¥ Immediate
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APHRODITE AND EROS 199 NOTES 1. in
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ARTEMIS 201 Artemis the Huntress. R
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ARTEMIS 203 of her primary function
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ARTEMIS 205 out "Actaeon am I; obey
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ARTEMIS 207 ana's side nor be the f
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ARTEMIS Artemis of Ephesus. Alabast
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ARTEMIS 211 favorite of Aphrodite,
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ARTEMIS 213 ¥ APHRODITE: I am call
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ARTEMIS 215 stead may they live and
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Page 241 and 242: ARTEMIS 219 my unhappy mother, O my
Page 243 and 244: ARTEMIS 221 your enemies. The god o
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Page 247 and 248: ARTEMIS 225 3. A rock on Mt. Sipylu
Page 249 and 250: APOLLO 227 peaks of Pelion, Thracia
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DEMETER AND THE ELEUSINIAN MYSTERIE
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VIEWS OF THE AFTERLIFE: THE REALM O
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ORPHEUS AND ORPHISM: MYSTERY RELIGI
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INTRODUCTION Universal themes are p
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374 THE GREEK SAGAS: GREEK LOCAL LE
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CHAPTER 18 THE MYCENAEAN SAGA The l
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o CD Dioscuri Zeus Tyndareus 1^ Hel
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CHAPTER 19 THE TROJAN SAGA AND THE
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440 ¥ PARIS: THE GREEK SAGAS: GREE
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i 1 Telamon m. Hesione Teucer 1 lit
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The Building of the Trojan Horse, b
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CHAPTER 20 THE RETURNS AND THE ODYS
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UT. o 00 bya r 5 Danaus Aegyptuj r~
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Zeus m. Danaë I Perseus m. Androme
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C HAPTER 23 THESEUS AND THE LEGENDS
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Dionysus and Ariadne. Marble sarcop
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Aeolus 3 I I I I I Salmoneus Alcyon
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CHAPTER 25 MYTHS OF LOCAL HEROES AN
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The François Vase. Attic black-fig
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C HAPTER 26 ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAG
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 625 ALPES
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 627 Mars i
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 629 archai
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 631 The se
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 633 obscur
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 635 famous
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 637 on the
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 639 f Guar
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 641 with s
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 643 same p
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 645 Map 26
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 647 who fo
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 649 Underw
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 651 Dido a
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 653 hersel
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 655 Ennius
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 657 f "Go,
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 659 The Oa
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA Rape of Lu
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ROMAN MYTHOLOGY AND SAGA 663 8. See
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CHAPTER 27 CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY IN L
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CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY IN LITERATURE A
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CHAPTER 28 CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY IN M
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CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY IN MUSIC, DANCE
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SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY Only a few of t
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THE GREEK SPELLING OF NAMES 777 Che
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CAPTIONS FOR COLOR PLATES 1-10 1. J
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PLATE 2 Dionysus, kylix by Exekias.
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? & & * |£ ^^H v \i\à ' PLATE 6 T
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PLATE 8 The Discovery of the Infant
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s PLATE 10 Las Manderas (The Weaver
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CAPTIONS FOR COLOR PLATES 11-21 11.
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PLATE 13 The Triumph of Neptune and
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PLATE 15 Earth: Vertumnus and Pomon
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IPSBKTIÎHB S'Y ;.--:«r.i. m&Z
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PLATE 20 Hector and Andromache, by
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INDEXES INDEX OF AUTHORS, ARTISTS,
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INDEXES 1-3 Bruch, Max, 711 Brueghe
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INDEXES 1-5 Erechtheus (Euripides),
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INDEXES 1-7 Hymn to Apollo (Bliss),
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INDEXES 1-9 Mourning Becomes Electr
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INDEXES 1-11 Rapp, Michael, 730 Rec
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INDEXES 1-13 Villa-Lobos, Hector, 7
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INDEXES Alcaeus (al-së' us), fathe
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INDEXES 1-17 Baucis (baw' kis), she
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INDEXES 1-19 from the earth, who lo
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INDEXES 1-21 Eurybië (u-rib' i-e),
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INDEXES 1-23 Icarius (i-kar' i-us):
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INDEXES 1-25 Melpomene (mel-pom' e-
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INDEXES 1-27 Periclymenus (per-i-kl
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INDEXES 1-29 Sphinx (sfinks), "Stra
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