Aloes and Lilies of Ethiopia and Eritrea

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166 AMARYLLIDACEAE Scadoxus nutans Description Fig. 81. Scadoxus nutans, from near Bonga, Kefa floristic region. 1. Scadoxus nutans (Friis & I. Bjørnstad) Friis & Nordal The species epithet ‘nutans’ refers to the nodding flower heads, a trait by which this species is easily recognised. In spite of its showy appearance, it was not described until 1971 by Friis and Bjørnstad (then in the genus Haemanthus), based on material from the Kefa Floristic region. Five years later it was transferred to the genus Scadoxus by Friis and Nordal. Herb, 30–50 (–100) cm high. Leaves forming a distinct false stem, 25–40 cm, through which the inflorescence and new shoots pierce, leaf blade up to 40 × 8 cm. Inflorescence bracts short and partly fused, supporting the dense nodding inflorescence of 20–30 flowers. Pedicels up to 1 cm. Tepals red to scarlet with a tube of 8 mm, segments ascending about 20 × 2 mm. Fruitstand ultimately erect with ovoid berries about 15 mm long.
Habitat and distribution Notes Scadoxus multiflorus Description Habitat and distribution SCADOXUS 167 The species is native to moist afromontane; it is growing on the forest floor or on tree trunks up to 10 m above the ground (epiphytic), forming dense mats on trunks and branches. So far it is only recorded from the Kefa and Illubabor floristic regions, from 1000 to 2300 m. It is a narrow endemic, not known outside this area. The flowering period is from November to February. The species must be regarded as threatened, particularly since the forests in which it occurs are being heavily exploited. The nodding inflorescence indicates pollinators arriving from below rather than from above. This trait is shared with another rainforest species, S. cyrtanthiflorus (C.H. Wright) Friis & Nordal, from the Ru wen sori mountains in Uganda. Possibly, protection of flowers from heavy rains gives the evolutionary background for this trait. The phenomenon should be further studied. When the seeds are mature, the in fru tescence turns upwards and displays bright scarlet berries for animal (probably bird) dispersal. 2. Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn) Rafinesque The specific epithet ‘multiflorus’ means many-flowered, and refers to the rich-flowered heads. The species is recognised by its globose inflorescence with up to 150 flowers. It was described by the son of Linnaeus (‘L.f.’) in 1781, but first validly published by Martyn as Haemanthus multiflorus in 1795. Rafinesque transferred it to his new genus Scadoxus in 1838. Herb, up to 70 cm high. Leaves, produced at the same time or after the flowering, form a distinct false stem, 10–40 cm, lateral to the scape, leaf blade up to 40 × 7 cm. Inflorescence with membranous bracts, sometimes partly fused, withering early, subtending the globose inflorescence of 10 to 150 flowers. Pedicels 1–3 cm. Tepals orange red to scarlet with a tube of 5–15 mm, segments spreading 12–25 × 1–2 mm. Berries globose, 0.5–1 cm in diameter. The species is found in savannah woodlands and in riverine and montane forests. It seems to prefer some shade, and is growing on dark brown to blackish soils, from 1000 to 3000 m. It is found in almost all floristic regions within Ethiopia and Eritrea, except in the lowlands, and is widespread elsewhere in Tropical Africa west to Senegal,
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Aloes and Lilies of Ethiopia and Er
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Front cover: Aloe steudneri Back co
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8 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA Geol
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16 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA Rec
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18 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA (A.
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20 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA 3.
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36 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA The
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38 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA Wha
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40 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA Key
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42 ALOACEAE ALOACEAE The members of
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44 ALOACEAE Reproduction Chemistry
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46 ALOACEAE Key to the species thei
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48 ALOACEAE - Leaf margin with 8—
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50 ALOACEAE 29. Leaves spreading or
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52 ALOACEAE 49. Leaves strongly rec
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54 ALOACEAE Aloe trichosantha ssp.
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56 ALOACEAE Aloe citrina Descriptio
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58 ALOACEAE Description Habitat and
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60 ALOACEAE Fig. 26. Aloe schoeller
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66 ALOACEAE Habitat and distributio
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68 ALOACEAE Fig 30. Aloe ruspoliana
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70 ALOACEAE Habitat and distributio
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74 ALOACEAE Aloe rugosifolia Descri
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78 ALOACEAE Fig. 37. Aloe percrassa
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80 ALOACEAE Aloe steudneri (24-30 m
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84 ALOACEAE Fig. 42. Aloe trigonant
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86 ALOACEAE Fig. 44. Aloe secundifl
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90 ALOACEAE Fig. 47. Aloe camperi,
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92 ALOACEAE Fig. 48. Aloe adigratan
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94 ALOACEAE Fig. 50. Aloe calidophi
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96 ALOACEAE Fig. 51. Aloe megalacan
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98 ALOACEAE Fig. 52. Aloe gilbertii
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100 ALOACEAE Fig. 54. Aloe ghibensi
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102 ALOACEAE Aloe yavellana Descrip
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104 ALOACEAE Description Habitat an
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106 ALOACEAE Fig. 58. Aloe tewoldei
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108 ALOACEAE Habitat and distributi
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110 ALOACEAE Distribution and class
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112 ASPHODELACEAE Key to genera The
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114 ASPHODELACEAE Kniphofia pumila
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Page 130 and 131: 128 ANTHERICACEAE Chemistry and use
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Page 142 and 143: 140 ANTHERICACEAE Chlorophytum long
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Page 176 and 177: 174 AMARYLLIDACEAE Crinum macowanii
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216 COLCHICACEAE Fig. 100. Littonia
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218 COLCHICACEAE Habitat and distri
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220 COLCHICACEAE Key to the species
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222 COLCHICACEAE Habitat and distri
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224 IRIDACEAE Conservation Key to g
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226 IRIDACEAE Key to the species 1.
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228 IRIDACEAE Key to the species an
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230 IRIDACEAE Fig. 104. Moraea schi
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232 IRIDACEAE Fig. 105. Lapeirousia
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234 IRIDACEAE Dierama cupuliflorum
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236 IRIDACEAE Description Habitat a
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240 IRIDACEAE Zygotritonia praecox
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242 IRIDACEAE Key to the species le
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244 IRIDACEAE 15. Flower more than
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246 IRIDACEAE Habitat and distribut
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250 IRIDACEAE Gladiolus dalenii sub
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252 IRIDACEAE Fig. 113. Gladiolus p
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260 HYPOXIDACEAE HYPOXIDACEAE Withi
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262 HYPOXIDACEAE Reproduction 1. HY
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264 HYPOXIDACEAE - Robust plants, l
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266 HYPOXIDACEAE Fig. 116. Hypoxis
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268 HYPOXIDACEAE Fig. 117. Hypoxis
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270 HYPOXIDACEAE Description Habita
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272 ERIOSPERMACEAE Key to the speci
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274 DRACAENACEAE Distribution and c
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276 DRACAENACEAE Dracaena afromonta
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278 DRACAENACEAE Habitat and distri
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280 DRACAENACEAE Subspecies key Dra
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284 DRACAENACEAE Key to the species
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286 DRACAENACEAE Sansevieria fische
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290 ASPARAGACEAE Distribution and c
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292 ASPARAGACEAE 9. Cladodes (25-)3
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294 ASPARAGACEAE Description Habita
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296 ASPARAGACEAE Fig. 128. Asparagu
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302 ASPARAGACEAE Habitat and distri
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304 ASPARAGACEAE Description Habita
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306 DIOSCOREACEAE Use and chemistry
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308 DIOSCOREACEAE - Leaves ovate-la
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310 DIOSCOREACEAE Fig. 133. Dioscor
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312 DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea gillett
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314 DIOSCOREACEAE Habitat and distr
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316 DIOSCOREACEAE Description Habit
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318 DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea sagitti
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320 TACCACEAE Tacca leontopetaloide
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322 ALOACEAE Fig. 136. Smilax ancep
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324 SMILACACEAE and also in Eritrea
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326 VELLOZIACEAE Distribution and r
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328 VELLOZIACEAE Habitat and distri
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330 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA Li
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332 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA mu
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334 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA Li
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336 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA No
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338 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA In
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350 ALOES AND LILIES OF ETHIOPIA WA
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352 ALOACEAE
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354 ALOACEAE
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Aloes and Lilies of Ethiopia and Eritrea

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