BUKU ABSTRAK - Universiti Putra Malaysia

Science, Technology & Engineering
Comparison Kenaf Whole Pulp versus Softwood Pulp and Mechanical Treatment
(Beating) to Improve Old Corrugated Board (OCC)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jalaluddin Harun
Ahmad Azizi Mossello, Jalaluddin Harun, Paridah Md. Tahir, Rushdan Ibrahim, Sayeed Rashid Fallah Shamsi,
Hossein Resalati, Ainun Zuriyati Mohmamed and Harmaen Ahmad Saffian
Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, University Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
+603-8946 6977; aziziahmad99@yahoo.com
Recycled paper fibres are important sources for paperboard industry in Malaysia. About 18 to 20 paper mills
in the Malaysia utilise 95% waste paper as main raw material. The papermaking properties of recycled paper
deteriorate with time due to reduction, conformability and swelling. Recycle paper mills in Malaysia use two
methods to restore strength to recycled fibres i.e. blending certain amount of imported virgin pulp or mechanical
treatment (beating). Beating makes pulp show to drain in the forming section of paper machine. On the other
hand, the imported virgin pulp is expensive and government policy is to reduce importing virgin pulp. The main
goals of this study were to assess the potential of kenaf whole stem soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) pulp versus
mechanical treatment (beating) or imported virgin pulp (unbleached softwood kraft pulp) to enhance strength
properties of old corrugated board (OCC) pulp. Blending with kenaf whole stem soda-AQ pulps can enhance
the strength of OCC considerably. Also, fractionated pulp had better effect to improve OCC than corresponding
beaten pulps. With addition of 5-10% RKLK, 10-15% RKHK or BKLK, or 15-20% BKHK at optimum freeness
(300 mL, CSF) has improved OCC same as addition of 5-10% BSWK at freeness of 400 mL, CSF or beaten OCC
with 2000 PFI revolutions to freeness of 300 mL, CSF. Moreover beaten OCC pulp showed lower tear index and
higher drainage time. The blending experiments led to the conclusion that locally planted kenaf whole stem pulp
can be used as reinforcement instead of softwood pulp to improve OCC.
Keywords: Recycled fibre, virgin pulp, beating, kenaf whole stem, blending
Evaluation Linerboard Properties from Malaysian Cultivated Kenaf Sodaanthraquinone
Pulp Versus Commercial Pulps
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jalaluddin Harun
Ahmad Azizi Mossello, Rushdan Ibrahim, Hossein Resalati, Sayeed Rashid Fallah Shamsi, Paridah Md. Tahir
and Mohd. Nor Mohad Yusoff
Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, University Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
+603-8946 6977; aziziahmad99@yahoo.com
This study examines the soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) pulp of kenaf fibres versus old corrugated board
(OCC) and unbleached softwood kraft pulps as the main sources for linerboard production. The result showed
significant differences among the pulp properties. The unbleached kraft pulp with very high freeness required
high beating to reach optimised freeness and produced paper with highest strength properties except for tear
resistance. The OCC gave paper with lowest strength properties. In the case of kenaf fractions, bast pulp with high
freeness needs less beating than softwood and produced paper with high tear resistance. Core fibre had the lowest
freeness and highest drainage time, led to paper with high strength but very low tear resistance. Kenaf whole stem
pulp showed intermediate properties between core and bast and close to unbleached softwood pulp, but with very
low beating requirement. Finally kenaf whole stem due to strength properties and free of very high separation
cost and simple pulping process is more suitable for commercialisation for linerboard production in Malaysia.
Keywords: Malaysian cultivated kenaf; Soda-AQ pulp; OCC; unbleached softwood kraft pulp; linerboard
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