BUKU ABSTRAK - Universiti Putra Malaysia

Science, Technology & Engineering
W2IF2A09 Protocol to Prepare and Measure, Point to Point Fibre Optics Quantum
Key Distribution
Dr. Ing Ahmad Fauzi Abas
Lizal Iswady Ahmad Ghazali, Wan Azizun Wan Adnan, Makhfudzah Mokhtar, M. Iqbal Saripan and Mohd.
Adzir Mahdi
Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
+603-8946 4351; fauzi@eng.upm.edu.my
We propose a new quantum key distribution protocol which can produce higher sifted key rate and robust
photon number splitting attack. The work deploys theoretical works on quantum key distribution protocol by
redefining a method of decoding to sharing a secret key in quantum key distribution. This theoretical derivation
later is used to verify simulation result on sifted key rate. Then robustness of the protocol is simulated based
on two main photon number splitting attacks in quantum key distribution and finally a simulation on the proof
of concept of the protocol is done using a phase encoding quantum key distribution. This new protocol has
improved the percentage of discarded key bit by 25% as compared to the SARG04 protocol considering an ideal
case without Eavesdropping and produces a 15% higher percentage of sifted key with zero error as compared to
the SARG04 protocol at an ideal case with Eavesdropping. In terms of its robustness, this protocol can secure a
key bit transmission up to link loss of 31.2dB against Eavesdropper intercept resend with unambiguous attack at
ideal scenario. Another powerful photon number splitting attack of storage attack can guard against Eavesdropper
getting one photon of up to link loss of 7.4dB. In practical scenario, a maximum secured distance can be achieved
at up to link loss of 22.9dB. Therefore this protocol consequently can increase sifted key rate during reconciliation
process while ensuring protection against photon number splitting attack. In summary, this work presented a new
protocol which improved the sifted key rate and robust photon number splitting attacks. An implementation using
phase encoding quantum key distribution embedding this decoding protocol algorithm might be a breakthrough
for near future practical setup.
Keywords: Quantum key distribution, photon number splitting attack, sifted key
The design phase is claimed to be one of the highest source of errors in software development. Objectoriented
design is a difficult process especially for novice designers. However, research on the process model that
is suitable for novices is scarce. Moreover, many of the CASE tools available serve as diagramming or automated
tools and lack technical guidance for developing object-oriented applications. The main goal of this research is to
introduce a new model of design guidance to guide novice designers during the design process. For this purpose, a
literature study was first conducted to examine current techniques and available tools in guiding novice designers.
A guidance model was then developed (OOD-GuideM) which comprises of three components: object-oriented
design process model, design knowledge repository and design analyzer. Object-oriented design heuristics and
patterns, which are parts of design knowledge, were collected and studied. Those that were considered suitable
for novices were then converted to rules and cases respectively. OOD-GuideM also includes a design analyzer
which is capable of analysing designs for heuristic violations and detecting potential pattern applications. Based
on its analysis, this component assists novice designers in terms of warnings and suggestions during the design
process. To test the implementability of the proposed OOD-GuideM model, a prototype is developed as a proof
of concept. A controlled experiment is then conducted to evaluate this prototype. The evaluation results show
that the evaluated aspects of the model are feasible in supporting the design process for novice designers. It also
demonstrated that OOD-GuideM can be beneficial to novice object-oriented designers in assisting and guiding
them in the process. This led to the conclusion that the OOD-GuideM model is capable, feasible and practical for
guiding novice object-oriented designers.
Keywords: Oo design, design heuristic, design pattern
Model of a Design Guidance System for Novice Object-oriented Designers
Dr. Jamilah Din
Sufian Idris and Shahrul Azman Mohd. Noah
Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
+603-8946 6585; jamilah@fsktm.upm.edu.my
268