BUKU ABSTRAK - Universiti Putra Malaysia

An Economical Triploidy Verification Method and New Avenues for The Production
of Polyploidy Line of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Dr. Annie Christianu
Ali Karami Varnamkhasti, Simon C. Courtenay, Zamri Ishak, Mohd. Arif Syed and Khairul Zamri Md. Saad
Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
+603-8946 4111; annie@putra.upm.edu.my
Keywords: Triploid, polyploidy lines, African catfish
Stress in Music Teaching: Identifying Job Related Stressors in the Context of
Malaysian National Schools
Dr. Chan Cheong Jan
Juriani Jamaludin
Faculty of Human Ecology, University Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
+603-8946 7793; chanupm@gmail.com
Keywords: Stress, music teaching
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Agriculture
In aquaculture industry, producing triploid fish has its advantages since they are sterile and in most cases
grow faster than normal diploid. Triploids can be produced through applying shocks to newly fertilised eggs.
However, not 100% of the resulted larvae are triploid. Screening of triploids can be very time consuming and
costly. In this study, one economical and rapid method for the verification of triploidy in African catfish (Clarias
gariepinus) based on selected morphological criteria was established. However, this process of verification can
be omitted if there is a method for producing 100% triploid fish. In this study, it was found for the first time that
advanced vitelogenesis in the oocytes of triploid African catfish can be achieved after weekly injection of ovaprim
hormone. Therefore it is highly possible to produce polyploidy lines for African catfish.
This study was designed to examine the level of stress according to selected stressors experienced by
primary school music teachers. The stressors under study were categorized into six subscales which are ‘student
characteristics’, ‘teacher characteristics’, administrative procedures’, ‘social support’, ‘facilities and equipment’
and ‘music syllabus contents’. Respondents of this study consist of 326 trained and untrained music teachers
in Selangor. Music Teacher Stress Inventory was developed based on problems faced by Malaysian music
teachers with 44 stressors extracted from 99 sources of stress collected through various sources. The research
findings indicate that generally, music teachers in this study were experiencing mild stress in their teaching and
learning music in school. Among the particular item of stressors, ‘lack of trained music teacher’, ‘lack of music
resources and book’, ‘lack of skill in playing musical instrument’, ‘inadequate allocation to buy costume for
music performance’ and ‘lack of recognition for music education’ were rated by the teachers as the main sources
of their stress.