sdu faculty of forestry journal special edition 2009 - Orman Fakültesi

SDU Faculty of Forestry Journal
Serial: A, Number: Special Issue, Year: 2009, ISSN: 1302-7085, Page: 120-128
DIEBACK ON Fraxinus ornus IN KONYA REGION
Asko Lehtijärvi 1* , H.Tuğba Doğmuş-Lehtijärvi 1 , Mertcan Karadeniz 1 ,
Mustafa Uygun 1
ABSTRACT
1 Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Forestry, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
*asko@orman.sdu.edu.tr
In many European countries, intensive dieback of ash has been observed in all age
classes, independent of forest type and geographic position during the last 10 years. There
are 3 species of Fraxinus in Turkey: Fraxinus excelsior L., F. angustifolia Vahl.. and F.
ornus L.. They are fast growing trees and have valuable wood which is widely used in
furniture industry. In addition, the trees are used in landscape architecture.
In this study, existence and causal agents of dieback was investigated in F. ornus
plantations located in Dutlukır (7.2 ha) and Altınapa Dam (6.4 ha) in Konya. Condition of
the shoots, characteristics of the cankers and lesions, height and diameter (at root collar) of
the trees, and signs of insect attacks were recorded. Almost all, 98.2%, of the sampled trees
were bearing cankers, 4.1% had signs of insect attacks, and 24.7% of the trees had dry
shoots.
Keywords: Dieback, Fraxinus excelsior, Fraxinus angustifolia, Fraxinus ornus
INTRODUCTION
Dieback of ash has been one of the most important diseases on ash in European
countries during the last 10 years. Recently the casual agent of the dieback was
reported to be Chalara fraxinea T. Kowalski (Kowalski, 2006; Cech and Hoyer-
Tomiczek, 2007; Kirisits et al., 2008; Halmschlager and Kirisits, 2008). Symptoms
are necrosis of leaf rachises and leaflet veins, shoot, twig and branch dieback as
well as necrotic lesions and cankers in the bark. Bark necrosis is often
accompanied with brownish discolouration of the wood. Wilting of leaves can
sometimes be seen on recently girdled shoots and twigs (Bakys et al., 2008;
Kowalski, 2006; Kowalski and Holdenrieder, 2008; Halmschlager and Kirisits,
2008; Krisits et al., 2008).
There are three species and seven subspecies of Fraxinus distributed in
Marmara, Black sea, Aegian and Mediterranean Region of Turkey (Yaltırık,
1978). Fraxinus ornus (Manna ash) is a native species to southern Europe and
south western Asia. Manna ash is an important tree species widely used in
furniture industry and music instrument manufacturing. In addition, it is used in
landscape architecture.
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