A. Status of the Spectacled Eider - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

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Robert M. Platte, Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK. Kim Scribner, Ala~ka Science Center, National Biological Service, Anchorage, AK. James Sheridan, Law Enforcement, USFWS, Anchorage, AK. Robert A. Stehn, Alaska Science Center, National Biological Service, Anchorage, AK. Robert Suydam, Department of Wildlife Management, North Slope Borough, Barrow, AK. - Declan Troy, Troy Ecological Research Associates, Anchorage, AK. Kimberly Trust, Ecological Services, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK. Steven Tuttle, Law Enforcement, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK. Cynthia Wentworth, Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK. David Yokel, Bureau of Land Management, Fairbanks, AK. 86
Ill. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The following table outlines actions and estimated costs for the Spectacled Eider recovery program. It is a guide to meet the recovery objectives discussed in Part II of this plan. This table indicates the task priorities, task numbers, brief task descriptions, duration of tasks, the responsible agencies, and lastly, the estimated costs. These actions, when accomplished, should move the Spectacled Eider toward recovery. The estimated costs for all parties involved in recovery actions are identified, and therefore, Part III reflects the total estimated cost for the recovery of this species. Priorities in column two of the implementation schedule are assigned as follows: 1. Priority 1: An action that must be taken to prevent extinction or to prevent the species from declining irreversibly in the foreseeable future. 2. Priority 2: An action that must be taken to prevent a significant decline in population or habitat quality, or some other significant negative impact short of extinction. 3. Priority 3: All other actions necessary to meet recovery objectives. Because of the continuing decline of Spectacled Eiders on the YKD, actions that may lead to identifying and understanding the relative importance of obstacles to recovery, and therefore, solutions to overcoming those obstacles, are considered priority 1. Similar actions for the NS and AR are considered priority 2. All other actions are considered priority 3. The lack of knowledge on the obstacles to the recovery of Spectacled Eiders precludes the estimation of a recovery date at this time. In order to provide some continuity in recovery planning, however, costs have been estimated for a five year period beginning with the first year in which a task is implemented (year 1). Cost estimates are based on the best possible information about study plans, materials, and logistics. Estimates will be adjusted when necessary as a result of new information, or revised task methods. Estimates do not include salaries for permanent employees of responsible parties. 87
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SPECTACLED EIDER RECOVERY PLAN Team
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LITERATURE CITATION U.S. Fish and W
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE RECOVERY P
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TABLE OF CONTENTS DISCLAIMER PAGE 1
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Breeding
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A. Status of the Spectacled Eider R
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) a) j~ 25000 0 2 220000 C ~15000 ~
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B. Causes for Decline and Obstacles
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Increasing interest in avicultural
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Other conservation measures include
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D. Natural History of the Spectacle
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Figure 4. Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta loc
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DEL?A RUSSIA SPECTACLED EIDER RANGE
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helicopter surveys in the Prudhoe B
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geographic populations, because imm
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Figure 8. Study sites and land stat
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their diseases (e.g., Schiller 1954
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E. Distinct Population Segments The
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A final consideration involves info
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Trend data are analyzed to inform w
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Figure 10. A hypothetical posterior
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thresholds are not “magic numbers
Page 46 and 47: Criteria for Reclassifying from Thr
Page 48 and 49: Criteria for Delisting from Threate
Page 50 and 51: The final aspect ofSpectacled Eider
Page 52 and 53: concordance in their descriptions o
Page 54 and 55: data on both levels and effects oft
Page 56 and 57: implicated. In the absence of histo
Page 58 and 59: . - currently small size of the YKD
Page 60 and 61: implementation of the Memoranda ofA
Page 62 and 63: . take of Spectacled Eiders. In add
Page 64 and 65: . AlS. Produce a handbook summarizi
Page 66 and 67: . Bl.4. 1.3. Develop visibility cor
Page 68 and 69: B2. 1.1. Implement YKD satellite tr
Page 70 and 71: . Appendix Ill). Since epidermal ag
Page 72 and 73: . feasible if post-fledging staging
Page 74 and 75: presumed that their activities have
Page 76 and 77: contaminants within Spectacled Eide
Page 78 and 79: limited ability to withstand additi
Page 80 and 81: surface after a year and is no long
Page 82 and 83: . The reproductive stages (eggs, yo
Page 84 and 85: is inadequate to sustain “normal
Page 86 and 87: ___________ 1967. The geese of the
Page 88 and 89: Dementev, G.P., and N.A. Gladkov (e
Page 90 and 91: ___________ 1 964a. Observations on
Page 92 and 93: Nelson, E.W: 1887. Report upon natu
Page 94 and 95: ________ P.R. Wade, R.A. Stehn, and
Page 98 and 99: KEY Task Duration and Costs TBD - T
Page 100 and 101: TASK 324.2 I 12.4.1 .2 PRIOR- — 2
Page 102 and 103: TASK I — [37 E12 EI.3 fTYU —PRI
Page 104 and 105: TASK PRIOR- Dj ITYU — — A12.3 2
Page 106 and 107: — TASK U — 135.2 PRIOR- TASK DE
Page 108 and 109: TASK U PRIOR- ITY U TASK DESCRIPTIO
Page 110 and 111: TASK PRIOR. U — DS.3 3 TASK DESCR
Page 112 and 113: The final risk factor is the effect
Page 114 and 115: This PVA will treat two population
Page 116 and 117: Both aerial surveys are conducted a
Page 118 and 119: 0.2 0.15 -j i 4 0.1 0 -I 0.05 0.08
Page 120 and 121: emaining before the population reac
Page 122 and 123: ) critical population size; and (2)
Page 124 and 125: 40%. The population growth rate cri
Page 126 and 127: Table 1-2. Results of simulation wh
Page 128 and 129: Hilborn, R. and C.J. Walters. 1992.
Page 130 and 131: APPENDIX II TECHNICAL DETAILS OF TH
Page 132 and 133: The likelihood function for the par
Page 134 and 135: initial sample. Then the O~ were re
Page 136 and 137: LU ~0.8 z -J ~0.6 I-ET1 w107 480 m1
Page 138 and 139: LITERATURE CITED APPENDIX LI De la
Page 140 and 141: where x = age. The fertility rate i
Page 142 and 143: of older females: (1) older females
Page 144 and 145: RESULTS Solutions for single cause
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0.1 0.08 ~0.06 4 0 0.04 0. 0.02 0 0
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growth rate. Perhaps this can be mo
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decline, by far the fastest way to
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LITERATURE CITED APPENDIX In Bailli
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APPENDIX IV SPECTACLED EIDER RECOVE
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APPENDIX V COMMENTS RECEIVED ON DRA
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