the black death in early ottoman territories - Bilkent University
the black death in early ottoman territories - Bilkent University
the black death in early ottoman territories - Bilkent University
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Moreover he had to suffer <strong>the</strong> loss of his mo<strong>the</strong>r and two of his three sisters. His<br />
letters reflect <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>tense psychological shock that people endured who lived <strong>in</strong><br />
constant fear of <strong>death</strong> and experienced <strong>the</strong> loss of <strong>the</strong>ir family and friends :<br />
The surviv<strong>in</strong>g sister ... seems still alive. Hovever, she has not stopped<br />
mourn<strong>in</strong>g for her sisters, but sits look<strong>in</strong>g at <strong>the</strong>ir grave, cry<strong>in</strong>g, as if she is<br />
witness<strong>in</strong>g once more <strong>the</strong>ir struggle with <strong>death</strong>... He who has an eye for<br />
reality will say that I, while alive, am not more fortunate than those that<br />
have died. Because it is already a year that I suffer from dizzyness <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
head, that I feel as if my heart is burst<strong>in</strong>g through my chest. I also suffer<br />
from breathlessness, as if I would suffocate and of <strong>in</strong>somnia, which drives<br />
me almost <strong>in</strong>sane. All this creates a feel<strong>in</strong>g of constant impotence. 245<br />
S<strong>in</strong>ce <strong>the</strong> first outbreak, his op<strong>in</strong>ion about physicians had not improved:<br />
"My fear is of physicians is stronger than any illness ... <strong>the</strong>y do not even notice<br />
that <strong>the</strong>ir learned dietary prescriptions susta<strong>in</strong> or even aggrevate <strong>the</strong> illness." 246<br />
flight<br />
Flight and isolation from <strong>the</strong> plague outbreaks doubtlessly improved a<br />
person's prospects of stay<strong>in</strong>g alive. In <strong>the</strong> Byzant<strong>in</strong>e empire, people sought to<br />
safeguard <strong>the</strong>mselves from plague <strong>in</strong> monastries, and would cont<strong>in</strong>ue to do so <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> centuries to come. Their emperors displayed <strong>the</strong> same behavior. Accord<strong>in</strong>g to<br />
Sphrantzes, <strong>the</strong> emperor Manuel temporarily transferred his court to <strong>the</strong> Monastery<br />
of Peribleptos on account of <strong>the</strong> plague <strong>in</strong> 1420. Islands too could provide isolation<br />
and a safehaven. 247 Asanes Konstant<strong>in</strong>os, a friend of Demetrius Cydones<br />
obviously chose this strategy, for Cydones wrote to him ra<strong>the</strong>r ironically:<br />
So go on to travel from one island to <strong>the</strong> next, have a look at <strong>the</strong>ir harbours,<br />
s<strong>in</strong>g with <strong>the</strong> ores and feed yourself with rye bread and garlic. May good<br />
fortune br<strong>in</strong>g you back here, once God has been appeased. 248<br />
245 Kydones, Briefe, 316.<br />
246 Kydones, Briefe, 317.<br />
247 A few centuries later, this was still a popular strategy for those who had <strong>the</strong> means to do so. As<br />
Lowry, recalls, Oghier de Busbecq wished to leave plague-stricken Istanbul for <strong>the</strong> island of<br />
Pr<strong>in</strong>kipio <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sea of Marmara. Lowry, Push<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> Stone Uphill, 127.<br />
248 Kydones, Briefe, 281.<br />
63