black sea red data book - Department of Biology

Biology. This species is a carnivore, feeding on fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods,
benthonic life, sexual maturity starts at five years; three to eight millions of eggs..
Population trends. There is no available information on population trends. But due
to overfishing and pollution, a decline is probable.
Threats. Turbidity, food shortage and pollution.
Conservation measures taken. None.
Conservation measures proposed. Mitigate pollution, stop overfishing.
References
Aksiray, F., 1987. Turkish Marine Fishes Identification Book. Istanbul, Publication
of University of Istanbul no. 3490: 811 pp.
Compiled by B. Oztiirk.
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