black sea red data book - Department of Biology

Biology. Blooms from May to July; fruits from June to August. Propagation both
vegetative (by runners and suckers) and by seeds. The species is a psammophyte,
xeromesophyte and halophyte.
Population trends. Declining in abundance.
Threats. Lack of non-modified sites along the coast due to the development of resort
zones.
Conservation measures taken. Listed in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria and
protected in the "Kamchiya" preserve (Bulgaria).
References
Davis P. H., 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vols. 1-9.
Edinburgh University Press.
Fyodorov, A. A. (Ed.), 1981. Flora yevropeiskoy chasti SSSR. (Flora of European
Part of the USSR. Vol. 5). Leningrad, Nauka 5: 380 pp. (in Russian).
Golubev, V. N., 1996. Biologicheskaya flora Kryma. (Biological Flora of the
Crimea). Yalta, GNBS: 86 pp. (in Russian).
Kryukova , I. V., Y. A. Luks, L. A. Privalova, et al, 1988. Redkiye rasteniya i
zhivotnyye Kryma. (Rare Plants and Animals of the Crimea). Simferopol: Tavria,
176 pp. (in Russian).
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