black sea red data book - Department of Biology

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Threats. Pollution from point sources, hypoxia; silt, covering stony bottoms. Conservation measures taken. Included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine in 1994. Conservation measures proposed. Reduce microbial pollution, increase the protection of coastal waters against chemical and microbiological contamination. References Bacescu, M., E. Dumitrescu, A. Marcus, G. Palladian & R. Mayer, 1963. Données quantitatives sur la faune pétricole de la Mer Noire à Agigea (secteur Roumain) dans les conditions spéciales de l'année 1961. Trav. Mus. Hist. nat. G. Antipa 4: 131-153. Bacescu, M., 1967. Fauna R.S.Romane (DECAPODA) 4: 7-335. Bacescu, M., G. I. Muller. & M-T Gomoiu, 1971. Ecol. mar. 4: 7-274. Borcea, I., 1926. Note sur quelques crabes de rivage du littoral Roumain. Ann. Sci. Univ. Jassy 14: 140. Borcea, I., 1926. Données sommaires sur la faune de la Mer Noire (littoral de Roumanie). Ann. Sci. Univ. Jassy 14: 536-583. Borcea, I., 1931. Action du froid sur la faune littoral de la Mer Noire. Ann. Sci. Univ. Jassy 16: 751-759. Gutu, M., 1980. Recent changes in the Decapod fauna of the Romanian Black Sea littoral. Trav. Mus. Hist. nat. G. Antipa 21: 103-110. Compiled by C. Dumitrache. 385
Synonyms: Xiphias gladius Gunther, 1860 Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758 Common names: Engl: Broadbill swordfish; Bulg: Mechenosets; Georg: Khmala tevzi; Rom: Peste spada; Russ: Mech-ryba; Turk: Kilic baligi; Ukr: Mech-ryba Order PERCIFORMES Family XIPHIIDAE Taxonomic description. A large and distinctive fish with a rounded body, very robust in front; snout ends in a long flattened sword; young specimens are covered with scales and have a single dorsal and anal fin which, with growth, become divided. Large specimens without scales and with a high, short first portion, but smaller second elements to both fins. Pelvic fins absent; a single strong lateral keel on each side of the caudal peduncle; colour of back and upper side brownish-black; lower sides and belly light brown; teeth are present in the young only. Size: maximum 450 cm; average 100 to 220 cm. IUCN Status World level: Black Sea Regional level: EN Habitat type, Critical habitats, Limiting factors. Pelagic, in coastal waters as well as in offshore surface waters. Common throughout the Mediterranean, Azov Sea and in all tropical and temperate oceans. In the East Atlantic from the North Sea to a latitude of 45 °S. Biology. A highly migratory and very aggressive fish, generally not forming schools. Feeds on a wide range of fish, especially schooling species, on pelagic crustaceans and on squids. It uses its sword to kill larger prey. In coastal waters it is caught with fixed nets but mainly with floating long lines (small specimens). 386
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The designation employed and the pr
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EDITOR'S PREFACE This "paper form"
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The preparation of the Regional Lis
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The book was written in English. Th
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information: Category of the specie
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-Taxon endangered (EN) - a taxon wh
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-Mammals - 15 species (9 species in
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published in February 1997. It is a
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Synonyms: None Allium guttatum Stev
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Asparagus brachyphyllus Turczaninov
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Asparagus litoralis Steven, 1857 Sy
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Astrodaucus Uttoralis Prude, 1898 S
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Biology. Reproduction is by seeds a
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Distribution, Habitat type, Critica
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Calystegia soldanella (Linnaeus) R.
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Luks, Y. A., L. A. Privalova & I. V
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Biology. Flowering during Fruit-bea
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Threats. Draining of wetlands, crea
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Crambe pontica Stev. ex Rupr., 1869
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Cystoseira barbota (Good. & Wood, 1
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Bologa, A. S., 1987-88. Annotated b
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Dictiota dichotoma (Lamour, 1809) S
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Elymus pycnanthus (Godron) Melderis
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Synonyms: None. Ephedra distachya (
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Synonyms: Arenaria cephalotes Bieb.
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Synonyms: None Eryngium maritimum L
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Euphorbia paralias Linnaeus, 1753 S
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zapovednoy okhrany (Catalogue of Ra
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Conservation measures proposed. Cre
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Conservation measures taken. Includ
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Biology. Flowering during V-VII, fr
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Biology. An annual or perennial her
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Threats. Destruction of its locatio
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Biology. Flowering and fruit-bearin
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only localities in the Crimea). Lim
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Synonyms: None Nymphoidespeltata S.
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Synonyms: None Ornithogalum refract
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Synonyms: None. Pancratium maritimu
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Parapholis incurva (Linnaeus) C.E.H
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Rubtsov, N. I. (Ed.), 1972. Opredel
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IUCN Status World level: Black Sea
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Phyllophora nervosa (P.C. Grev., 18
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Katukov, A. B., 1983. Phyllophora v
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Distribution. Mostly in the north-w
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Conservation measures proposed. Cre
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Conservation measures taken. One of
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Conservation measures taken. None.
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Threats. Changes in the water regim
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Conservation measures taken. The sp
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Seeds have good germination power (
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Synonyms: None. Zostera marina (Lin
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Synonyms: Zostera nana Roth. Zoster
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PART II. ANIMALS Acipenser gtildens
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Adoption of strict national measure
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Biology. A migratory, anadromous sp
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Aidablennius sphynx Valenciennes, 1
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Synonyms: Anax imperator Leach, 181
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Beschovski, V., 1964b. Odonata (Dra
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Biology. Well adapted to the surfac
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eggs and is incubated for 28-29 day
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Aporrhais pespelecani (Linnaeus, 17
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Apseudopsis ostroumovi Bacescu & Ca
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Synonyms: Ardea ralloides. Ardeola
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Aythya nyroca Guldenstadt, 1770 Syn
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Betone betone euxini (Günther, 189
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References Banarascu, P., 1964. Pis
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Population trends. Declining. Threa
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macrophyte fauna of the Romanian Bl
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Population trends. Before 1940, fou
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Threats. Cattle-grazing, pollution
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abundance recorded north of Cape Ma
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migration from September to early O
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Synonyms: Callionymus risso Le Sueu
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Calopteryx splendens - complex Syno
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Conservation measures taken. Some o
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Calopteryx virgo - complex Synonyms
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References Bartenef, A. N., 1912. D
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Sea; in the Atlantic known to occur
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Synonyms: None. Common names: None.
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Chaetogammarus ischnus major (Stebl
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Chromogobius quadrivittatus Steinda
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Ciconia nigra Linnaeus, 1758 Synony
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similar. Often the two species gath
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Clupeonella cultriventris Nordmann,
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Synonyms: None. Common names. None.
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Colpocyclops longispinosus (Monchen
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Synonyms: None. Conger conger (Linn
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Coryphoblennius galerita (Linnaeus,
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Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Sy
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cases of dolphins entangled in pela
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Dikerogammarus vilosus (Sovinskii,
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Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1828) Syn
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Diplodus annularis Linnaeus, 1758 S
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Donacilla cornea (Poli, 1791) Synon
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Epallage fatime (Charpentier, 1840)
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Dumont, H. J. A review of the drago
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Falco cherrug (Gray, 1834) Synonyms
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References Ardamatzkaia, T. B. & A.
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irds occur throughout the area: on
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Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777 Syn
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Synonyms: None Glareola nordmanni N
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Glareola pratincola (Linnaeus, 1758
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Gobius bucchichi Steindachner, 1870
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Gobius cobitis (Pallas, 1811) Synon
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Synonyms: None Grus grus Linnaeus,
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References Grinchenko, A .B., 1987.
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small molluscs and copepods along t
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on the large basins in the Romanian
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Hörig, H., 1986. Seeadlerbestand w
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Threats. Turbidity in shallow zones
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Biology. A euryhaline organism, liv
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Synonyms: None. Hemimysis serrata (
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Synonyms: Himantopus himantopus Lin
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Hippocampus guttulatus microstephan
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Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770) S
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Synonyms: None Iphigenella acanthop
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Iphigenella andrussovi (Sars, 1896)
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Polischuk, V. V., 1994. Iphigenella
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Population trends. Stable in the re
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Threats. Silty lower river reaches;
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Conservation measures proposed. Inc
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Conservation measures proposed. Inc
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Threats. Breakdown of the hydrochem
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coast of the Black Sea; also in the
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Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms
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International Conventions for biodi
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Population trends. Abundant in the
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Threats. Sand dredging, trawling. C
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Mergus serrator of Black Sea origin
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May for reproduction (at 6 °C); re
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Moerisia maeotica (Ostroumov, 1896)
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Opredelitel fauny Chernogo i Azovsk
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individuals still live between Zong
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23 °C. First reproduction at the a
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Population trends. Declining. Threa
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Biology. Reproduction from March to
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Threats. Human disturbance, hunting
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Population trends. Unknown. Threats
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acteria and Infusoria. The female l
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Biology. A typical contourobiont in
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Biology. A sedentary sestonophage.
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Pachygrapsus marmoratus Fabricius,
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Bacescu M., G. I. Muller, M-T Gomoi
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Biology. A vegetarian, browsing on
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frequent are floating nests near op
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the Azov-Black Sea area (lakes of t
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Synonyms: Phalacrocorax albus Tray
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Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus, 1758 Sy
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coasts, single animals and small gr
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Pilumnus hirtellus Linnaeus, 1758 S
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Borcea, I., 1926. Données sommaire
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Fledging at the age of 50-55 days.
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Plegadis falcinellus Linnaeus, 1766
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Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 177
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Potamon tauricum Czerniavsky, 1884
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Makarov, Y. M., 1994. Prisnovodny k
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Biology. Reproduction: April-May. E
Page 335 and 336: Conservation measures taken. None.
Page 337 and 338: Black Sea coast in late September-e
Page 339 and 340: Krivenko, V., 1983. Krasnazobaia ka
Page 341 and 342: Distribution, Habitat type, Critica
Page 343 and 344: Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 Syn
Page 345 and 346: Radu, G., E. Leonte, G., Butoi, F.
Page 347 and 348: littoral areas of the north-western
Page 349 and 350: Habitat type, Critical habitats, Li
Page 351 and 352: Threats. Overfishing, illegal fishi
Page 353 and 354: Population trends. After 1970, very
Page 355 and 356: Breeding density can be up to 5 nes
Page 357 and 358: Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Syn
Page 359 and 360: Symphodus ocellatus (Forsskal, 1775
Page 361 and 362: Symphodus tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) Sy
Page 363 and 364: Synonyms: None. Syngnatus tenuirost
Page 365 and 366: Syngnathus typhle (Linnaeus, 1758)
Page 367 and 368: Tado ma ferruginea (Pallas, 1764) S
Page 369 and 370: Thunnus thynnus Linnaeus, 1758 Syno
Page 371 and 372: FAO, 1973. Species identification s
Page 373 and 374: Population trends. Declining. Threa
Page 375 and 376: Biology. Feeds mainly on crustacean
Page 377 and 378: Crimea in autumn, but migratory rou
Page 379 and 380: (Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol.2
Page 381 and 382: Distribution, Habitat type, Critica
Page 383 and 384: Uranoscopus scaber (Linnaeus, 1758)
Page 385: Xantho poressa (Qlivii, 1792) Synon
Page 389 and 390: Zosterisessor ophiocephalus Pallas,
Page 391 and 392: References Abuladze, A., 1993. The
Page 393 and 394: Bacescu, M., G. I. Muller & M. T. G
Page 395 and 396: Borcea, L, 1926-1927. Note sur les
Page 397 and 398: Davis P. H., 1965-1985. Flora of Tu
Page 399 and 400: Gomoiu, M.-T., 1976. Ecological stu
Page 401 and 402: Karapetkova, M., 1985. Red book of
Page 403 and 404: Lebedeva, M., 1979. Migracii chemog
Page 405 and 406: Monchenko, V. I., 1978. The allocat
Page 407 and 408: Polischuk, V. V., 1994. Iphigenella
Page 409 and 410: Sabinevskii, B. & T. Ardamatskaia,
Page 411 and 412: Svetovidov, A. N. 1964. Ryby Cherno
Page 413 and 414: Vulff, E.W., 1951. Flora Kryma. Tom
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