black sea red data book - Department of Biology

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and others) and feeds on ill, weak or frozen birds. By the seashore it picks up carcasses of dolphins, fish, and birds. Population trends. A common nesting species along the coasts of theBlack and the Sea of Azov and along the valleys of the big rivers emptying into these seas in the past. There was a major decline in the population during 1960-1965. After that, the number slowly increased again. This was a result of the successful breeding and resettlement of the species in Central Europe (Hlorig, 1986), the huge increase of the population in Germany, Poland and Czechoslovakia. From the Danube, the White- tailed Eagle resettled its previous habitats along the Black Sea. The feeding of birds in Scandinavia, the decrease environmental pollution and the decline in hunting in Eastern Europe during the last 10th years has also helped . Currently, about 30 pairs breed along the coasts of the Black and the Sea of Azov. Threats. Threats include pollution of water basins with different kinds of poisons, the drainage of marshes, the cutting down of woods and the tourist invasion along the seashore, the use of poisonous baits and traps for wolves and foxes, the meaningless shooting of birds and the destruction of their nests. Among the enemies of the Haliaeetus albicilla are Falco cherrug and large colonies of ants, which sometimes force the eagles to leave their nests. Conservation measures taken. The species is "world endangered" and is listed in Appendix II of the Washington Convention. It is protected by law in many European countries, including in the Black Sea region (Bulgaria, Ukraine and Russia). Many of its habitats along the seashores of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov are protected wetlands of international importance (National Park Strandja, the deltas of the rivers Danube, Dnestar, Dnepar, the Black Sea reserve, the islands of Lebiajie, the river Kizilirmak delta and others). Conservation measures proposed. Ban pollution with poisons and industrial waste. Promote preservation of woods, restrict of hotel building and tourist invasion of habitats along the seashore. Protective propaganda among the human population, especially among hunters. References Cramp, S. & K. Simmons (Eds), 1980. The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Oxford, 2: 1-695. Golushin, V., 1983. Orlan-belohvost Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758). Krasnaia kniga RSFSR, jivotniela. Moscow, Rosselhozizdat: 215-217 pp. 228
Hörig, H., 1986. Seeadlerbestand weiter angewachsen. Unsere Jagdle 36: 148-149. Kostin, J., 1983. Pticiu Krima. Moscow, Nauka: 241 pp. Lintia, D., 1954. Pasarile din R.P.R., Bucuresti 2: 1-301. Ornithological Society of Turkey, 1975. Bird Report 3: 1-319. Puscariu, V., 1968. Observations sur la reproduction et l'écologie de Haliaeetus albicilla dans le delta du Danube. Trav. Mus. hist. nat. G. Antipa 8: 959-968. Red Data Book of Ukraine, 1996. 333 pp. Tilba, P., R. Mnacekanov, M. Emtal, G. Plotnikov, S. Solovev & A. Ivanenko, 1990. 0 redkih pticah Vostochnoto Priazovia. Redkie, malochislenie I maloizuchenie prie Sev. Kavkazalh, Stavropol: 91-96. Zabolotnii, N. & A. Hohlov, 1995. Zametki o nekotorih redkih pticah ptitsah nizovid Kubani. Kavkazskii orn. vestnikls 7: 16-17. Zubarowskii, V., 1977. Fauna Ukraini. Tom 5. Ptah,. Kiev, Naukova Dumka: 331 pp. Compiled by D. Nankinov. 229
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The designation employed and the pr
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EDITOR'S PREFACE This "paper form"
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The preparation of the Regional Lis
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The book was written in English. Th
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information: Category of the specie
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-Taxon endangered (EN) - a taxon wh
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-Mammals - 15 species (9 species in
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published in February 1997. It is a
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Synonyms: None Allium guttatum Stev
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Asparagus brachyphyllus Turczaninov
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Asparagus litoralis Steven, 1857 Sy
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Astrodaucus Uttoralis Prude, 1898 S
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Biology. Reproduction is by seeds a
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Distribution, Habitat type, Critica
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Calystegia soldanella (Linnaeus) R.
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Luks, Y. A., L. A. Privalova & I. V
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Biology. Flowering during Fruit-bea
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Threats. Draining of wetlands, crea
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Crambe pontica Stev. ex Rupr., 1869
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Cystoseira barbota (Good. & Wood, 1
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Bologa, A. S., 1987-88. Annotated b
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Dictiota dichotoma (Lamour, 1809) S
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Elymus pycnanthus (Godron) Melderis
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Synonyms: None. Ephedra distachya (
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Synonyms: Arenaria cephalotes Bieb.
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Synonyms: None Eryngium maritimum L
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Euphorbia paralias Linnaeus, 1753 S
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zapovednoy okhrany (Catalogue of Ra
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Conservation measures proposed. Cre
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Conservation measures taken. Includ
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Biology. Flowering during V-VII, fr
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Biology. An annual or perennial her
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Threats. Destruction of its locatio
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Biology. Flowering and fruit-bearin
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only localities in the Crimea). Lim
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Synonyms: None Nymphoidespeltata S.
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Synonyms: None Ornithogalum refract
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Synonyms: None. Pancratium maritimu
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Parapholis incurva (Linnaeus) C.E.H
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Rubtsov, N. I. (Ed.), 1972. Opredel
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IUCN Status World level: Black Sea
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Phyllophora nervosa (P.C. Grev., 18
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Katukov, A. B., 1983. Phyllophora v
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Distribution. Mostly in the north-w
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Conservation measures proposed. Cre
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Conservation measures taken. One of
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Conservation measures taken. None.
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Threats. Changes in the water regim
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Conservation measures taken. The sp
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Seeds have good germination power (
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Synonyms: None. Zostera marina (Lin
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Synonyms: Zostera nana Roth. Zoster
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PART II. ANIMALS Acipenser gtildens
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Adoption of strict national measure
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Biology. A migratory, anadromous sp
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Aidablennius sphynx Valenciennes, 1
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Synonyms: Anax imperator Leach, 181
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Beschovski, V., 1964b. Odonata (Dra
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Biology. Well adapted to the surfac
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eggs and is incubated for 28-29 day
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Aporrhais pespelecani (Linnaeus, 17
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Apseudopsis ostroumovi Bacescu & Ca
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Synonyms: Ardea ralloides. Ardeola
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Aythya nyroca Guldenstadt, 1770 Syn
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Betone betone euxini (Günther, 189
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References Banarascu, P., 1964. Pis
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Population trends. Declining. Threa
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macrophyte fauna of the Romanian Bl
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Population trends. Before 1940, fou
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Threats. Cattle-grazing, pollution
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abundance recorded north of Cape Ma
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migration from September to early O
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Synonyms: Callionymus risso Le Sueu
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Calopteryx splendens - complex Syno
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Conservation measures taken. Some o
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Calopteryx virgo - complex Synonyms
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References Bartenef, A. N., 1912. D
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Sea; in the Atlantic known to occur
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Synonyms: None. Common names: None.
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Chaetogammarus ischnus major (Stebl
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Chromogobius quadrivittatus Steinda
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Ciconia nigra Linnaeus, 1758 Synony
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similar. Often the two species gath
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Clupeonella cultriventris Nordmann,
Page 179 and 180: Synonyms: None. Common names. None.
Page 181 and 182: Colpocyclops longispinosus (Monchen
Page 183 and 184: Synonyms: None. Conger conger (Linn
Page 185 and 186: Coryphoblennius galerita (Linnaeus,
Page 187 and 188: Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Sy
Page 189 and 190: cases of dolphins entangled in pela
Page 191 and 192: Dikerogammarus vilosus (Sovinskii,
Page 193 and 194: Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1828) Syn
Page 195 and 196: Diplodus annularis Linnaeus, 1758 S
Page 197 and 198: Donacilla cornea (Poli, 1791) Synon
Page 199 and 200: Epallage fatime (Charpentier, 1840)
Page 201 and 202: Dumont, H. J. A review of the drago
Page 203 and 204: Distribution, Habitat type, Critica
Page 205 and 206: Falco cherrug (Gray, 1834) Synonyms
Page 207 and 208: References Ardamatzkaia, T. B. & A.
Page 209 and 210: irds occur throughout the area: on
Page 211 and 212: Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777 Syn
Page 213 and 214: Synonyms: None Glareola nordmanni N
Page 215 and 216: Glareola pratincola (Linnaeus, 1758
Page 217 and 218: Gobius bucchichi Steindachner, 1870
Page 219 and 220: Gobius cobitis (Pallas, 1811) Synon
Page 221 and 222: Synonyms: None Grus grus Linnaeus,
Page 223 and 224: References Grinchenko, A .B., 1987.
Page 225 and 226: small molluscs and copepods along t
Page 227 and 228: Conservation measures taken. None.
Page 229: on the large basins in the Romanian
Page 233 and 234: Threats. Turbidity in shallow zones
Page 235 and 236: Biology. A euryhaline organism, liv
Page 237 and 238: Synonyms: None. Hemimysis serrata (
Page 239 and 240: Synonyms: None. Common names: None.
Page 241 and 242: Synonyms: Himantopus himantopus Lin
Page 243 and 244: Hippocampus guttulatus microstephan
Page 245 and 246: Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770) S
Page 247 and 248: Synonyms: None Iphigenella acanthop
Page 249 and 250: Iphigenella andrussovi (Sars, 1896)
Page 251 and 252: Polischuk, V. V., 1994. Iphigenella
Page 253 and 254: Population trends. Stable in the re
Page 255 and 256: Threats. Silty lower river reaches;
Page 257 and 258: Conservation measures proposed. Inc
Page 259 and 260: Conservation measures proposed. Inc
Page 261 and 262: Threats. Breakdown of the hydrochem
Page 263 and 264: coast of the Black Sea; also in the
Page 265 and 266: Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms
Page 267 and 268: International Conventions for biodi
Page 269 and 270: Population trends. Abundant in the
Page 271 and 272: Threats. Sand dredging, trawling. C
Page 273 and 274: Mergus serrator of Black Sea origin
Page 275 and 276: May for reproduction (at 6 °C); re
Page 277 and 278: Moerisia maeotica (Ostroumov, 1896)
Page 279 and 280: Opredelitel fauny Chernogo i Azovsk
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individuals still live between Zong
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23 °C. First reproduction at the a
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Biology. Reproduction from March to
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Threats. Human disturbance, hunting
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Population trends. Unknown. Threats
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acteria and Infusoria. The female l
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Biology. A typical contourobiont in
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Biology. A sedentary sestonophage.
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Pachygrapsus marmoratus Fabricius,
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Bacescu M., G. I. Muller, M-T Gomoi
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Biology. A vegetarian, browsing on
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frequent are floating nests near op
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the Azov-Black Sea area (lakes of t
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Synonyms: Phalacrocorax albus Tray
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Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus, 1758 Sy
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coasts, single animals and small gr
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Pilumnus hirtellus Linnaeus, 1758 S
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Borcea, I., 1926. Données sommaire
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Fledging at the age of 50-55 days.
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Plegadis falcinellus Linnaeus, 1766
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Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 177
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Synonyms: None. Common names: None.
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Potamon tauricum Czerniavsky, 1884
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Makarov, Y. M., 1994. Prisnovodny k
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Biology. Reproduction: April-May. E
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Black Sea coast in late September-e
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Krivenko, V., 1983. Krasnazobaia ka
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Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 Syn
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Radu, G., E. Leonte, G., Butoi, F.
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littoral areas of the north-western
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Habitat type, Critical habitats, Li
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Threats. Overfishing, illegal fishi
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Population trends. After 1970, very
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Breeding density can be up to 5 nes
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Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Syn
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Symphodus ocellatus (Forsskal, 1775
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Symphodus tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) Sy
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Synonyms: None. Syngnatus tenuirost
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Syngnathus typhle (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Tado ma ferruginea (Pallas, 1764) S
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Thunnus thynnus Linnaeus, 1758 Syno
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FAO, 1973. Species identification s
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Biology. Feeds mainly on crustacean
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Crimea in autumn, but migratory rou
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(Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol.2
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Uranoscopus scaber (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Xantho poressa (Qlivii, 1792) Synon
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Synonyms: Xiphias gladius Gunther,
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Zosterisessor ophiocephalus Pallas,
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References Abuladze, A., 1993. The
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Bacescu, M., G. I. Muller & M. T. G
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Borcea, L, 1926-1927. Note sur les
Page 397 and 398:
Davis P. H., 1965-1985. Flora of Tu
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Gomoiu, M.-T., 1976. Ecological stu
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Karapetkova, M., 1985. Red book of
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Lebedeva, M., 1979. Migracii chemog
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Monchenko, V. I., 1978. The allocat
Page 407 and 408:
Polischuk, V. V., 1994. Iphigenella
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Sabinevskii, B. & T. Ardamatskaia,
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Svetovidov, A. N. 1964. Ryby Cherno
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Vulff, E.W., 1951. Flora Kryma. Tom
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