black sea red data book - Department of Biology

in the Black Sea region is situated in the zone between the biosphere reserve Askania-
Nova and Sivash where more than 40,000 Common crane arrive. During autumn
migration of 1996, more than 50,000 cranes flew through Askania-Nova. The second
largest gathering and resting area is situated in North Sivash (Djankoy region), with
10,000 cranes every autumn. Many small crane assemblages are scattered over the
region. In winter some groups stay till mid-December and a few birds stay
throughout winter. Nearly 100,000 cranes fly through the Black Sea region every
autumn. About 20,000 - 30,000 cranes fly along the western Black Sea coast through
Romania and Bulgaria; 50,000 - 60,000 fly through the Crimea Peninsula, and
probably 10,000 fly along the Caucasian coast.
Habitat type, Critical habitats, Limiting factors. Valleys of large rivers and
swamps, relatively shallow lakes covered by reeds. Premigratory gathering of cranes
are situated on the saline bays of Sivash, sand-bars. The cranes feed on winter and
spring crops, on harvested cornfields, and on pastures.
Biology. The arrival time is between February 20th and March 5th with two peaks.
A first peak is in mid-March and the second in the first half of April.
Population trends. The number of birds in the region is stable.
Threats. Habitat transformation, human disturbance, hunting, poisoning.
Conservation measures taken. At present the main gathering places are not
protected.
Conservation measures proposed. Expansion of the area of the Azov-Sivash
National Park and some places in Northern Sivash to be included in it.
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