black sea red data book - Department of Biology

Caucasus (southwards from Novorossiysk). Limiting factors: unknown; probably,
a low competitive ability in coastal communities.
Biology. Blooms from June to September, fruits from July to October. Successful
seed propagation. Deep tap root system, psammophyte, mesoxerophyte, halophyte.
Population trends. Declining in abundance.
Threats. Lack of non-modified sites along the coast due to the development of the
coast into a resort zone.
Conservation measures taken. The species is protected in the Karadag natural
reserve (the Crimea, Ukraine), listed in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria.
Conservation measures proposed. Establish additional reserves in Bulgaria,
Turkey, and Georgia.
References
Davis P. H., 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vols. 1-9.
Edinburgh University Press.
Golubev, V. N., 1996. Biologicheskaya flora Kryma. (Biological Flora of the
Crimea). Yalta, GNBS: 86 pp. (in Russian).
Luks, Y. A., L. A. Privalova & I. V. Kryukova, 1976. Katalog redkikh,
ischezayushchikh i unichtozhaemykh rasteniy flory Kryma, rekomenduyemykh dlya
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