black sea red data book - Department of Biology

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Biology. Carnivorous (small rodents and lagomorphs, amphibians, fish, insects taken only rarely). Largely crepuscular and nocturnal. Females sedentary and exclusively territorial. Many males, particularly young animals, are nomadic, and movements overlap females' ranges. Mating in late winter and spring, births in April-September (peaks in May). Males sexually mature after one year; females after 9-10 months. Gestation 63-69 days. Litter size averages 3.4 (range 1-8). One litter per year, occasionally a second litter in captivity. Population trends. Stable populations in the reserves and in larger forests. Threats. Environmental pollution, habitat fragmentation, tourist pressure. Conservation measures taken. Part of the habitats are included in reserves. Conservation measures proposed. Regular recording of the species numbers in the region. References Ellerman, T. & C. S. Morrison-Scott, 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals (1758 to 1946). London, Trustees of the British Museum: 303-304. International Conventions for biodiversity conservation. Bern Convention, 1996. Publ. Green Balkans and PHARE Programme, Annex II: 97 pp. Macdonald, D. & P. Barret, 1993. Mammals of Britain & Europe. Collins Field Guide. Harper Collins Publishers: 133-136. Sokolov, W. E. 1988. Dictionary of animal names in five languages. Mammals. 352 pp. Compiled by S. Gerasimov 210
Synonyms: None Glareola nordmanni Nordmann, 1842 Common names: Engl: Black-winged pratincole; Russ: Stepnaya tirkushka; Turk: Kara kanatli bataklik kirlangici; Ukr: Derykhvist stepovy Order CHARADRIIFORMES Family GLAREOLIDAE Taxonomic description. The genus is widely distributed in Africa and Southern Asia. This is one of its two members known in the Black Sea region. The population size is critically low and barely reaches 20 pairs on the entire sea coast of Ukraine. IUCN Status World level: EN Black Sea Regional level: EN Subregion level: EN Distribution, Habitat type, Critical habitats, Limiting factors. Habitats do not differ from those of Glareola pratincole, but are drier, preferably dry salinas and half- arid sites. 211
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The designation employed and the pr
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EDITOR'S PREFACE This "paper form"
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The preparation of the Regional Lis
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The book was written in English. Th
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information: Category of the specie
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-Taxon endangered (EN) - a taxon wh
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-Mammals - 15 species (9 species in
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published in February 1997. It is a
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Synonyms: None Allium guttatum Stev
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Asparagus brachyphyllus Turczaninov
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Asparagus litoralis Steven, 1857 Sy
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Astrodaucus Uttoralis Prude, 1898 S
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Biology. Reproduction is by seeds a
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Distribution, Habitat type, Critica
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Calystegia soldanella (Linnaeus) R.
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Luks, Y. A., L. A. Privalova & I. V
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Biology. Flowering during Fruit-bea
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Threats. Draining of wetlands, crea
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Crambe pontica Stev. ex Rupr., 1869
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Cystoseira barbota (Good. & Wood, 1
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Bologa, A. S., 1987-88. Annotated b
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Dictiota dichotoma (Lamour, 1809) S
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Elymus pycnanthus (Godron) Melderis
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Synonyms: None. Ephedra distachya (
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Synonyms: Arenaria cephalotes Bieb.
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Synonyms: None Eryngium maritimum L
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Euphorbia paralias Linnaeus, 1753 S
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zapovednoy okhrany (Catalogue of Ra
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Conservation measures proposed. Cre
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Conservation measures taken. Includ
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Biology. Flowering during V-VII, fr
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Biology. An annual or perennial her
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Threats. Destruction of its locatio
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Biology. Flowering and fruit-bearin
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only localities in the Crimea). Lim
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Synonyms: None Nymphoidespeltata S.
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Synonyms: None Ornithogalum refract
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Synonyms: None. Pancratium maritimu
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Parapholis incurva (Linnaeus) C.E.H
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Rubtsov, N. I. (Ed.), 1972. Opredel
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IUCN Status World level: Black Sea
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Phyllophora nervosa (P.C. Grev., 18
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Katukov, A. B., 1983. Phyllophora v
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Distribution. Mostly in the north-w
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Conservation measures proposed. Cre
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Conservation measures taken. One of
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Conservation measures taken. None.
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Threats. Changes in the water regim
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Conservation measures taken. The sp
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Seeds have good germination power (
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Synonyms: None. Zostera marina (Lin
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Synonyms: Zostera nana Roth. Zoster
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PART II. ANIMALS Acipenser gtildens
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Adoption of strict national measure
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Biology. A migratory, anadromous sp
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Aidablennius sphynx Valenciennes, 1
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Synonyms: Anax imperator Leach, 181
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Beschovski, V., 1964b. Odonata (Dra
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Biology. Well adapted to the surfac
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eggs and is incubated for 28-29 day
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Aporrhais pespelecani (Linnaeus, 17
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Apseudopsis ostroumovi Bacescu & Ca
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Synonyms: Ardea ralloides. Ardeola
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Aythya nyroca Guldenstadt, 1770 Syn
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Betone betone euxini (Günther, 189
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References Banarascu, P., 1964. Pis
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Population trends. Declining. Threa
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macrophyte fauna of the Romanian Bl
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Population trends. Before 1940, fou
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Threats. Cattle-grazing, pollution
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abundance recorded north of Cape Ma
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migration from September to early O
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Synonyms: Callionymus risso Le Sueu
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Calopteryx splendens - complex Syno
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Conservation measures taken. Some o
Page 161 and 162: Calopteryx virgo - complex Synonyms
Page 163 and 164: References Bartenef, A. N., 1912. D
Page 165 and 166: Sea; in the Atlantic known to occur
Page 167 and 168: Synonyms: None. Common names: None.
Page 169 and 170: Chaetogammarus ischnus major (Stebl
Page 171 and 172: Chromogobius quadrivittatus Steinda
Page 173 and 174: Ciconia nigra Linnaeus, 1758 Synony
Page 175 and 176: similar. Often the two species gath
Page 177 and 178: Clupeonella cultriventris Nordmann,
Page 179 and 180: Synonyms: None. Common names. None.
Page 181 and 182: Colpocyclops longispinosus (Monchen
Page 183 and 184: Synonyms: None. Conger conger (Linn
Page 185 and 186: Coryphoblennius galerita (Linnaeus,
Page 187 and 188: Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Sy
Page 189 and 190: cases of dolphins entangled in pela
Page 191 and 192: Dikerogammarus vilosus (Sovinskii,
Page 193 and 194: Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1828) Syn
Page 195 and 196: Diplodus annularis Linnaeus, 1758 S
Page 197 and 198: Donacilla cornea (Poli, 1791) Synon
Page 199 and 200: Epallage fatime (Charpentier, 1840)
Page 201 and 202: Dumont, H. J. A review of the drago
Page 203 and 204: Distribution, Habitat type, Critica
Page 205 and 206: Falco cherrug (Gray, 1834) Synonyms
Page 207 and 208: References Ardamatzkaia, T. B. & A.
Page 209 and 210: irds occur throughout the area: on
Page 211: Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777 Syn
Page 215 and 216: Glareola pratincola (Linnaeus, 1758
Page 217 and 218: Gobius bucchichi Steindachner, 1870
Page 219 and 220: Gobius cobitis (Pallas, 1811) Synon
Page 221 and 222: Synonyms: None Grus grus Linnaeus,
Page 223 and 224: References Grinchenko, A .B., 1987.
Page 225 and 226: small molluscs and copepods along t
Page 227 and 228: Conservation measures taken. None.
Page 229 and 230: on the large basins in the Romanian
Page 231 and 232: Hörig, H., 1986. Seeadlerbestand w
Page 233 and 234: Threats. Turbidity in shallow zones
Page 235 and 236: Biology. A euryhaline organism, liv
Page 237 and 238: Synonyms: None. Hemimysis serrata (
Page 239 and 240: Synonyms: None. Common names: None.
Page 241 and 242: Synonyms: Himantopus himantopus Lin
Page 243 and 244: Hippocampus guttulatus microstephan
Page 245 and 246: Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770) S
Page 247 and 248: Synonyms: None Iphigenella acanthop
Page 249 and 250: Iphigenella andrussovi (Sars, 1896)
Page 251 and 252: Polischuk, V. V., 1994. Iphigenella
Page 253 and 254: Population trends. Stable in the re
Page 255 and 256: Threats. Silty lower river reaches;
Page 257 and 258: Conservation measures proposed. Inc
Page 259 and 260: Conservation measures proposed. Inc
Page 261 and 262: Threats. Breakdown of the hydrochem
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coast of the Black Sea; also in the
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Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms
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International Conventions for biodi
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Population trends. Abundant in the
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Threats. Sand dredging, trawling. C
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Mergus serrator of Black Sea origin
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May for reproduction (at 6 °C); re
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Moerisia maeotica (Ostroumov, 1896)
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Opredelitel fauny Chernogo i Azovsk
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individuals still live between Zong
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23 °C. First reproduction at the a
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Biology. Reproduction from March to
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Threats. Human disturbance, hunting
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Population trends. Unknown. Threats
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acteria and Infusoria. The female l
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Biology. A typical contourobiont in
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Biology. A sedentary sestonophage.
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Pachygrapsus marmoratus Fabricius,
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Bacescu M., G. I. Muller, M-T Gomoi
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Biology. A vegetarian, browsing on
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frequent are floating nests near op
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the Azov-Black Sea area (lakes of t
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Synonyms: Phalacrocorax albus Tray
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Phocoena phocoena Linnaeus, 1758 Sy
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coasts, single animals and small gr
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Pilumnus hirtellus Linnaeus, 1758 S
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Borcea, I., 1926. Données sommaire
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Fledging at the age of 50-55 days.
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Plegadis falcinellus Linnaeus, 1766
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Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 177
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Synonyms: None. Common names: None.
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Potamon tauricum Czerniavsky, 1884
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Makarov, Y. M., 1994. Prisnovodny k
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Biology. Reproduction: April-May. E
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Black Sea coast in late September-e
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Krivenko, V., 1983. Krasnazobaia ka
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Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 Syn
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Radu, G., E. Leonte, G., Butoi, F.
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littoral areas of the north-western
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Habitat type, Critical habitats, Li
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Threats. Overfishing, illegal fishi
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Population trends. After 1970, very
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Breeding density can be up to 5 nes
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Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Syn
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Symphodus ocellatus (Forsskal, 1775
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Symphodus tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) Sy
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Synonyms: None. Syngnatus tenuirost
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Syngnathus typhle (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Tado ma ferruginea (Pallas, 1764) S
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Thunnus thynnus Linnaeus, 1758 Syno
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FAO, 1973. Species identification s
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Biology. Feeds mainly on crustacean
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Crimea in autumn, but migratory rou
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(Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol.2
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Uranoscopus scaber (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Xantho poressa (Qlivii, 1792) Synon
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Synonyms: Xiphias gladius Gunther,
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Zosterisessor ophiocephalus Pallas,
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References Abuladze, A., 1993. The
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Bacescu, M., G. I. Muller & M. T. G
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Borcea, L, 1926-1927. Note sur les
Page 397 and 398:
Davis P. H., 1965-1985. Flora of Tu
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Gomoiu, M.-T., 1976. Ecological stu
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Karapetkova, M., 1985. Red book of
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Lebedeva, M., 1979. Migracii chemog
Page 405 and 406:
Monchenko, V. I., 1978. The allocat
Page 407 and 408:
Polischuk, V. V., 1994. Iphigenella
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Sabinevskii, B. & T. Ardamatskaia,
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Svetovidov, A. N. 1964. Ryby Cherno
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Vulff, E.W., 1951. Flora Kryma. Tom
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