La pedra en sec. Materials, eines i tècniques tradicionals a les illes ...

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* **: 6 6.6 DRYSTONE MASONRY STRUCTURES
The most common type, whether
round, square, rectangular or irregular
in shape, has double facings with
rubble between them and a single
opening which while small windows
are rare. Round or square-shaped
huts were roofed with a false dome
made entirely of stone or with a
covering of trunks and reeds, while
rectangular constructions were
usually roofed with one or two slopes
made of trunks covered with stone
slabs, canes or crossbeams with
earth or tiles on top and, in exceptional
cases, with two or more false
domes. In the central part of the
serra de Tramuntana rectangular
huts are called porxos.
It is clear that usage had an
influence on particular building features,
especially in terms of size,
openings and indoor and outdoor
accessory items. Thus, for example,
the location and size of huts for animals
and the layout of their mangers,
openings and accessories (tethering
points, posts, etc.) depended on
which type of animals were to use
them.
Human dwellings also have some
characteristic features: one area for
stabling and another as a living area,
this are distinguished by the presence
of mangers and tethering points
(this division of space is only to be
found in more recent huts) and specific
accessory items (larders, stone
benches, cisterns, etc.).
Finally, natural caves or caverns
were also fitted out for human and
animal shelter. In terms of construction
they have closure walls that seal
off the cavity and an opening for
access. Examples are the shelters of
the quarrymen and fishermen on the
Llucmajor coast and the shelters in
the olive groves in the barranc de
Biniaraix (Soller).
sos formats per una estructura de
troncs coberta de 1I0ses,canyissada
a perllongues, amb terra a teules
damunt i, excepcionalment, amb
dues ames falses cupules. A la
zona central de la serra de Tramuntana
les barraques de planta rectangular
s'anomenen porxos.
Es innegable que I'us influ'ia sabre
determinats elements constructius,
especialment en la dimensi6, les
obertures i els elements accessoris
interns i externs. Aixi, les barraques
de bestiar presenten un emplac;:ament
i unes dimensions, i una situaci6
de menjadores, obertures i
accessoris (fermadors, estaques,
etc.) que depenen del tipus de
ramat a que es destinaven.
Eis habitatges humans tenen
tambe uns elements caracteristics:
un espai dedicat a estable i una
zona d'habitatge, diferenciats per la
situaci6 de menjadores i fermadors
(Ia divisi6 de I'espai es propia de les
barraques mes recents), i uns elements
accessoris concrets (rebosts,
pedrissos, cisternes, etc.).
Finalment, les coves naturals a
balmes s'han condicionat tam be
com a refugi de persones i bestiar.
Constructivament es caracteritzen
per parets tancadores que clouen la
cavitat i un portal d'acces. En s6n
exemples els refugis de trencadors i
de pescadors, a la costa de L1ucmajar
a els refugis a olivars del barranc
de Biniaraix (S6I1er).
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