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: * * *: 6 6.6.2 DRYSTONE MASONRY STRUCTURES
Description
Structure made of a drystone masonry
shell, normally round, and with a conical
roof made of trees and plants.
Uses
Dwelling designed to provide temporary
shelter for charcoal workers when
they were making charcoal.
Site
In a evergreen oak wood.
Ground Plan
Circular, 2.90 m in diameter inside.
Roofing
Conical and made of trees and plants.
It was built using evergreen oak
trunks, some acting as master beams
and the rest laid between them.
Reeds were then placed on top until a
waterproof covering was obtained.
Facings
60 cm wide and quite low (1.20 m)
double facing made of undressed
stone.
Materials
Limestone for the facings and evergreen
oak trunks and reeds for the
roof.
Flooring
Earth.
Openings
The only opening is a small, 40 cm
wide door with only its jambs made of
stone.
Accessory items
Accessory features outside the hut
are a dry stone bread oven plus a
mosquera, or shady spot, made of
pine where the charcoal worker
rested and ate (Calviflo, 1999). As for
charcoal manufacturing structures,
near the hut there is always the charcoal
bunker and quite often a loading
place where animals would be loaded
with the charcoal.
The bread oven is round and has a
very simple vaulted roof made of stones
laid on end. The only hole is the
opening which in this case is square
and made of 4 pieces of stone. It is
entirely constructed with barely dressed
limestone with the most dressed
stone forming the opening.
The charcoal bunker is the round,
paved area of land measuring 7.75 m
in diameter where the charcoal pile
was built. It is made of a course of larger
stones (some 35 cm high) which
form its edge. The space inside is full
of large stones with rubble and very
dry and clayey red earth on top. The
gaps between the stones served as
ducts through which a small amount
of air flowed which was sufficient to
fire but not burn the charcoal.
A conical pile or heap of bits of wood
(the sitja) was placed on the charcoal
bunker and covered with earth. The
wood was set on fire and it slowly
burnt to produce charcoal.
Location
Son Macip, Escorca.