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that the Mulki Rules were valid and continued to be in force even after the enactment of the Public Employment (Requirement as to Residence) Act, 1957. However, the Apex Court did not delve into the “interpretation and applicability” of the Mulki Rules, as these questions were not raised before it. 5.18 The Mulki Rules Act, 1972 5.18.01 After the Supreme Court judgment validating the continuance of the Mulki Rules, there was political crisis in the state and the people of the Andhra region started agitating against the Mulki Rules. The residential qualification of 15 years of residence in the Telangana region for securing public employment in that region had always existed, first through the Mulki Rules (as adapted/ amended in 1950) and thereafter through the Public Employment (Requirement as to Residence) Act, 1957. 5.18.02 The Supreme Court order, dated 3.10.1972, merely re-introduced the same 15 years residential qualification (by reviving the Mulki Rules) that had been extinguished by the Supreme Court order dated 28.03.1969 (by declaring Section 3 of the Public Employment Act ultra vires). 5.18.03 The Mulki Rules Act received the President‟s assent on December 30, 1972, and provided for: (a) amendments to the Mulki Rules to limit their operations; (b) validation of certain appointments; and (c) repeal of the said Rules in a phased manner. Sections 3(1) and (2) limited the applicability of the Mulki Rules, from retrospective effect (1.11.1956) to certain specified posts only. Section 6 laid down that Mulki Rules shall continue in the twin cities of Hyderabad-Secunderabad till 31.12.1977. Section 7 laid down that the Mulki Rules shall continue in the Telangana area, excluding the twin cities, till 31.12.1980. However, the most vital sections of the Act are Section 3(3) and Section 4. Section 3(3) says that, during the period 1.11.1956 to 30.12.1972, if any appointments were made to the non-specified posts in violation of the Mulki Rules, then such appointments will not be deemed to be illegal or void. Further, 263
Section 4 says that during the period 1.11.1956 to 30.12.1972, the applicability of the Mulki Rules, even to the specified posts, will be deemed to be only directional in nature, and not mandatory. Therefore, any appointments made, between 1.11.1956 and 30.12.1972, in violation of the Mulki Rules, even to the specified posts will not be deemed to be illegal or void. This aspect of the Act has been discussed later. 5.19 The “Jai Andhra” Movement of 1972 5.19.01 The Mulki Rules Act, 1972, did not meet the expectations of the people of Andhra region and they wanted its immediate abolition. They felt that the only way to safeguard their dignity was by severing their ties with Telangana by demanding a separate Andhra state. The resultant political agitation is known as the “Jai Andhra” Movement. The agitation was a sequel to the Telangana agitation which demanded that only “Mulkis” should be appointed to the posts in Telangana including the Hyderabad city. 5.19.02 The people of the Andhra region felt that they were reduced to the status of second class citizens in their own state capital. They felt that the only way to uphold their dignity was by severing their connection with Telangana and started a movement for the separation of Andhra region from Andhra Pradesh. 5.19.03 As the agitation continued, President‟s rule was imposed in the state on the 10th of January, 1973. Finally, a political settlement was arrived at, under the aegis of the Central Government. A “Six-Point Formula” was agreed upon by the leaders of the two regions, to prevent any recurrence of such agitations in future. The “Six-Point Formula” (SPF) included: (1) the abolition of Mulki Rules and the Telangana Regional Committee, and (2) the establishment of a Central University at Hyderabad to augment educational facilities. 264
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COMMITTEE FOR CONSULTATIONS ON THE
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VOLUME - I C O N T E N T S Prologue
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2. To look back, Andhra Pradesh was
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APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY The Commit
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The Committee was mandated to submi
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While the first phase included buil
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the Experts / Institutions to condu
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The mandate assign
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Committee is particularly grateful
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Directors, S/Shri Amitabh Kharkwal,
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4.10 Rural and Urban Population 199
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Title Pa
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2.42 Deprivation index across regio
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4.14 Comparison - GDP per capita -
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1.2 Excerpts from the Report of the
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3.11 Regional Universities 156 3.12
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CEA Central Electricity Authority C
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KTPS Kothagudam Thermal Power Stati
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RBI Reserve Bank of India RDS Rajol
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C H A PTER 1 D E V E L OPMENTS IN A
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was set up on July 5, 1954, and was
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egional consciousness but also make
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the more advanced people of the coa
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organization called Vishalandhra Ma
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views on the same were somewhat div
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6. The position of Urdu in the admi
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February, 1956. We have today furth
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services in the area is concerned;
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permanent bench or benches of the H
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Minister. The arrangement of Chief
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Telangana region, which appeared be
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espect thereof. Toward this end, on
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e final and binding on the Council
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grievances when the political situa
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the Central Government to make rule
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appointed for the purpose and the c
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against the ruling of the Andhra Pr
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implementation of the Six Point For
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the same was put to implementation,
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grievances of services. The Andhra
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Report of the second Commission on
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manufacturing and trade, which brin
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contentious for the Government empl
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ecommendations of the One-Man Commi
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MLAs of the Congress from Telangana
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June 7, 2004, mention was made that
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success of the TRS in 2004 to their
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1.5.02 With the situation becoming
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career prospects of the youth and t
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1.5.09 The bye-elections for the tw
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1.5.12 The entire working of the Co
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2 REGIONAL ECONOMIC AND EQUITY ANAL
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2.1.03 The state is divided into th
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Table 2.2: Per Capita DDP Aggregate
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18 16 14 12 10 -2 Percent 8 6 4 2 0
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egion. However, if Hyderabad is inc
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note that the need for agricultural
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Such data for the most recent year
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(See Figure 2.12). Telangana receiv
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which is commendable. Coastal Andhr
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identifies such districts under the
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2.6.09 Motor Vehicular Strength, Ro
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Kms. Kms. Vehicles 25 20 15 10 5 0
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2.7.02 Growth in Irrigation Irrigat
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through canal system, mostly due to
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2.7.06 Changes in Land Productivity
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in case of percentage gross irrigat
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Percent Percent 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
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elatively higher WPR is generally c
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Table 2.6: Workers by level of educ
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egarding employment shares in rural
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only 1045 of which 183 were SCs, 73
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Table 2.7: Distribution of Out of D
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into five categories based on per c
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100 50 -50 -100 -150 60 50 40 30 20
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Table 2.8: Income Inequality (Gini
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A review of MPCE according to caste
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2.14 Social Profile Caste and relig
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2.15 Summary and Discussion 2.15.01
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Rayalaseema, and within the deprive
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due to want of time and space; a di
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gram panchayats) system of governan
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3 EDUCATION AND HEALTH The educatio
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progress and the gap in literacy ra
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The findings are quite dramatic - a
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1991 3 . However, Chapter 7 which p
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100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20
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Though the total number of primary
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from the learning outcomes of the c
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Source: Statistical Abstract Andhra
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number of SC students enrolled in t
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Osmania University was established
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Andhra University area comprising o
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775%) and the intake of students du
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school and junior college level, th
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As is clear, the average per capita
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3.7.03 In case of new regional univ
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3.7.07 The state government‟s rep
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Students from coastal Andhra, on th
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3.8.02 Andhra Pradesh is doing far
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3.8.06 After a thorough analysis of
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3.8.10 The Committee feels that the
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3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50
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1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Source:
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lac population also shows an improv
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the other districts of Telangana. A
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maternal health status like antenat
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3.11 Summing Up 3.11.01 Health infr
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4 WATER RESOURCES, IRRIGATION AND P
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lakes like Ramappa, Pakhal, Laknava
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cases. Some groups have pointed out
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4 .4.02 Land Utilization (i) The re
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Sl. No Name Design Pumping Head (m)
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Projects are also being taken up at
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Lakh Ha 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
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Lakh Ha. 25 20 15 10 5 0 Figure 4.6
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Percentage 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Sour
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Table 4.8: Status of Tanks in Andhr
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Percentage 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Sour
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Table 4.9: Regionwise Sectoral Cont
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Percentage 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
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problem, that has not been addresse
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4.5 Summing up The major grievances
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tanks can be revived or new check d
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(ii) Another grievance of Telangana
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conceived after reorganization. Bef
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would also address all the technica
Page 256 and 257: having specialized knowledge on irr
Page 258 and 259: PART II: POWER DEVELOPMENT IN ANDHR
Page 260 and 261: witnessed stupendous growth during
Page 262 and 263: towns and cities with population of
Page 264 and 265: Table 4.11: Generation installed ca
Page 266 and 267: 4.10 Power - Gas The details of exi
Page 268 and 269: 4.12 XII Plan Capacity Addition Tab
Page 270 and 271: 4.13.04 The T&D system in all the t
Page 272 and 273: adopted in the 220 kV and 132 kV sy
Page 274 and 275: 4.17.03 Category-wise sales of elec
Page 276 and 277: 4.17.07 Region-wise number of exist
Page 278 and 279: Table 4.23: Subsidy provided to agr
Page 280 and 281: Table 4.27: Region-wise Abstract of
Page 282 and 283: 4.18.01 From the analysis of variou
Page 284 and 285: in Telangana and Rayalaseema region
Page 286 and 287: CHAPTER 5 PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT I S S U
Page 288 and 289: 5 _________________________________
Page 290 and 291: If a Mulki woman married a non-Mulk
Page 292 and 293: 35. It is, therefore, necessary to
Page 294 and 295: High Command arranged a meeting of
Page 296 and 297: 5.8 Articles 16 and 35 of the Const
Page 298 and 299: (2) In this section.- (a) “Subord
Page 300 and 301: consultation with a committee of Ju
Page 302 and 303: Public Employment (Requirement to R
Page 304 and 305: existed for the people of the Telan
Page 308 and 309: 5.19.04 On December 10, 1973, Presi
Page 310 and 311: 5.22 The Constitution (Thirty-Secon
Page 312 and 313: the civil services of and classes o
Page 314 and 315: 1. Procedure to be followed for fur
Page 316 and 317: 5.26.04 Actions Suggested The Commi
Page 318 and 319: (3) officials of the state governme
Page 320 and 321: • The Officers‟ Committee prese
Page 322 and 323: • Clarification issued that the P
Page 324 and 325: 5.29 Status of implementation of th
Page 326 and 327: construed as having been so allotte
Page 328 and 329: 5.31 Further action taken on the Su
Page 330 and 331: fasting were sent to hospital. Gove
Page 332 and 333: and that all appointments have been
Page 334 and 335: anyway have increased by 2006 as co
Page 336 and 337: Likewise, it is equally important t
Page 338 and 339: 6 ISSUES RELATING TO HYDERABAD METR
Page 340 and 341: 6.2.03 Around the time of its acces
Page 342 and 343: 6.3.03 Concurrent with Naidu‟s se
Page 344 and 345: constituencies, TDP and Congress ha
Page 346 and 347: 6.5.05 The functions of GHMC includ
Page 348 and 349: Table 6.1 Various Governance Struct
Page 350 and 351: Figure 6.1: Location of key institu
Page 352 and 353: 6.8.02 Hyderabad and Rangareddy for
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construction and traditional servic
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6.10.03 However, in terms of area,
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estate developers from cities like
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6.12.05 While the IT sector helped
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(f) The Hyderabad Metro Rail projec
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to the other regions of Andhra Prad
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Figure 6.5: Work and Business Relat
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districts and less than half of the
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Table 6.10B: Occupation of Circulat
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investments for which cost informat
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industries and the Eastern Naval Co
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investing in grain trade, paddy col
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complex. The economic structure of
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in the Hyderabad Metropolitan regio
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7 _________________________________
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7.1.06 The preceding chapters of th
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ights in and access to Hyderabad. A
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7.1.15 The second basis of their re
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it in different parts of the state
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enquiry that not a single person fr
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Andhra regions. Being the most back
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area for so many years. The consequ
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egionalism is a movement which is n
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2010. Thus groups have formed into
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sample NSSO 2004/5 survey are not r
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The results are the same if instead
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The findings from the quantitative
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distribution of SC communities in t
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community is larger (61.3%) in Tela
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7.9.07 Analysis The Madiga communit
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7.9.10 Telangana: The All India Ban
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7.9.14 Adivasis and the Manya Seema
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Reddys, will face submergence due t
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egion would face loss of employment
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over the bifurcation issue can be a
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Rayalaseema: The Muslim community i
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Christians. Reservations are the is
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entrants into higher education and
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7.13 Caste, Tribe, Religion, Region
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7.14 Cultural Issues 7.14.01 In thi
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of the distribution of linguistic c
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social class. Thus, even coastal An
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transformed in recent times with id
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celebrated by four or five mandals,
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Andhra, and the occupations of back
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7.15.14 While the Committee had nei
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many new arrivals become locals aft
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(a) Home (b) Finance (c) Revenue (d
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(5) On the whole (from 1956 - 2010)
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accommodated in the Council of Mini
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three regions of the state. These s
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such as the Chenchus. There is no d
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7.18.11 At the political level, a p
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Table 7B: Socio-Cultural Groups and
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Table 7D: Socio-Cultural Groups and
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C H A PTER 8 LAW & ORDER AND INTERN
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C H A PTER 9 THE WAY FOR W A RD 9.1
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EQUALITY of status and of opportuni
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Jammu and Kashmir was given a speci
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6. Kerala: Formed by the merger of
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9.1.11 North East India consists of
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favour the “strong-centre” conc
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favour of creation of smaller state
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Federation, it is learnt, was inaug
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the country. 8 Creation of these th
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for some time. Besides, sporadic ag
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(b) It was considered that this opt
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this option may have economic justi
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The extended Union Territory will c
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would not be happy with a common ca
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c) The division of the state will a
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option. Separation is recommended o
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transferred to the Council and its
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egions. The core issue being one of
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for enlarging the existing role of
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