Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop - Carnivore ...

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Figure 1. Approximate urban-wildland interface dividing developed and undeveloped zones of puma study area in California’s Western Sierra Nevada, 2002-2006. Housing densities are from California Dept. of Forestry and Fire Protection dataset. CEN00BLM03_1 Kernel density home ranges of 13 collared pumas are shown. Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 126
owned, of which over 50% were zoned for rural residential or urban land use (Stralberg and Williams 2002). Methods GPS collars and capture During January 2002 to May 2005, we deployed GPS collars on 19 pumas. Eight Televilt PosRec C600 collars (TVP Positioning AB, Sweden) with 1- or 2-hour GPS fix intervals were fitted on pumas, and 2 PosRec C300 collars with 12-hour fix intervals were placed on juveniles. After the first year of study, we used Telonics (Mesa, AZ) GPS collars with Advanced Research and Global Observations Satellite (ARGOS) uplink, and 3-hour fix intervals. Nine Telonics ARGOS collars were deployed on pumas, which transmitted their 6 most recently stored locations a maximum of once every 2 weeks for internet download, allowing limited tracking in lieu of aerial telemetry. All collars were equipped with VHF beacons, mortality sensors, and automatic drop-off mechanisms, and detached at pre-programmed dates. We downloaded all stored GPS locations from retrieved collars to database files. We worked to collar male and female pumas, adults and subadults, and pumas living in the undeveloped and developed zone. We considered male pumas > 30 months old, and females > 24 months old to be adults, due to potential for reproductive activity (Logan et al. 1996), and younger pumas to be subadults. To capture pumas, we conducted extensive track surveys on unpaved roads on public and private lands. We recorded GPS locations of all puma sign, track age, width of front and rear heel pad, and notes on the suspected individual. Pumas were treed by trained hounds and chemically immobilized with Capture-All 5 (5 parts ketamine hydrochloride to 1 part xylazine hydrochloride) or Telazol (tiletamine and zolazepam (100 mg/mL solution); Fort Dodge Animal Health, Fort Dodge, Iowa) at dosages in accordance with the CDFG Wildlife Restraint Handbook (2000). Drug was delivered using Pneu-Dart guns and darts (Pneu-Dart Inc., Williamsport, PA). We took blood and hair samples, body measurements, notes on condition, determined age from tooth wear and gumline recession, and fitted pumas with ear tags and collars, following CDFG animal welfare protocols (CDFG 2000). Collared pumas were tracked using ground-based VHF telemetry and monthly or semi-monthly telemetry flights. Pumas wearing ARGOSenabled collars were also monitored using satellite transmitted GPS fixes. We estimated the precision of GPS collar location fixes before deployment. We left activated collars in fixed locations for 3-4 days, occasionally agitating collars to avoid GPS system shut-off. We documented highly accurate stationary collar locations using a Trimble GeoXT GPS system (Trimble Navigation, Sunnyvale, CA). We considered fixes “high quality” if location points for stationary collars were within 30 m of each other in more than 95% of cases, and error of over 100 m occurred less than 1% of the time. The “2D” and “3D” location fixes from all Telonics collars were considered high quality and both types were used in analyses. Only the “3D” data from Televilt collars met these criteria and were analyzed. Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 127
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Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain L
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IN REMEMBRANCE There are giants who
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Distinguished Service Awards Mauric
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North Dakota Dorothy Fescke .......
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Evaluation of noninvasive genetic s
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Survival and ages of cougars harves
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Preface Chronology of Mountain Lion
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9 th Mtn. Lion Workshop Agenda Coug
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10:35-10:55 Estimating lion populat
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Movements of a female cougar on the
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State and Province Mountain Lion St
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160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Lions
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somewhat stable, though overall abu
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Idaho Cougar Ages 2002 2003 2004 20
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and that occurred in 1999 to a 13-y
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the approximately 15 other bills in
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for Project CAT; his primary focus
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Oregon Mountain Lion Status Report
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cougar seasons are 10 months long (
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Population Status and Trend Status
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California Mountain Lion Status Rep
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Number (i) The permit does not inva
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The steps in responding to a public
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during the attack, objects chewed o
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Montana Mountain Lion Status Report
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Red Desert basin. Mixed conifer and
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Table 1. Wyoming mountain lion mana
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(Fig. 4). Approximately 90% of all
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- Use of rubber bullets - Use of pe
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Literature Cited Anderson, C.R., JR
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Genetic Monitoring A recent study b
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., F
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Mule deer and bighorn sheep hunting
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In 1981, the Harvest Objective hunt
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more than 10% of Nevada’s 286,298
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Future Research The Department is c
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Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW
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Figure 1. Wildlife Management Units
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Figure 2. Cougar habitat in Utah. A
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Table 1. Utah cougar harvests, 1989
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while encouraging some hunter selec
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State’s management objectives (ma
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Stoner, D. C., W. Reith, M.L. Wolfe
Page 87 and 88: Figure 1. Colorado mountain lion Da
Page 89 and 90: Percent Q. Achievement & Success 65
Page 91 and 92: in which we request voluntary reduc
Page 93 and 94: Figure 6 is preliminary information
Page 95 and 96: humans, predation on pets, hobby st
Page 97 and 98: Arizona Mountain Lion Status Report
Page 99 and 100: Hunt Regulations Since the 8 th Mou
Page 101 and 102: The AZGFD supports the Cooperative
Page 103 and 104: South Dakota Mountain Lion Status R
Page 105 and 106: National Park [TRNP], Three Affilia
Page 107 and 108: Mountain lion carcasses were weighe
Page 109 and 110: Figure 2. Verified mountain lion lo
Page 111 and 112: In 2007, eleven mountain lions (n =
Page 113 and 114: increases or expansion. The overall
Page 115 and 116: Florida Mountain Lion Status Report
Page 117 and 118: interactions. Six categories of int
Page 119 and 120: cases (a large breed dog, miniature
Page 121 and 122: Interactions with Humans at the Urb
Page 123 and 124: Demographic and Landscape Influence
Page 125 and 126: Challenges and Opportunities Facing
Page 127 and 128: Caloosahatchee River will be depend
Page 129 and 130: Prospects for Mountain Lion Persist
Page 131 and 132: Habitat Use and Movements Proceedin
Page 133 and 134: Daily Movement Distances of Florida
Page 135 and 136: Refining the Use of GPS Telemetry C
Page 137: ural areas (hereafter, developed zo
Page 141 and 142: Garmin ® (Garmin Ltd.) GPS units.
Page 143 and 144: the steplength and turnangle distri
Page 145 and 146: Table 1. Collar performance, time m
Page 147 and 148: depredation on goats newly introduc
Page 149 and 150: Paths derived from puma movement pa
Page 151 and 152: Table 6 and Fig. 3 display the perc
Page 153 and 154: even mortality from a heavily explo
Page 155 and 156: parcels) and non-preferred habitat
Page 157 and 158: CDFG 2000. California Department of
Page 159 and 160: Stralberg, D. and B. Williams. 2002
Page 161 and 162: Multi-Carnivore and Prey Interactio
Page 163 and 164: subadults, and kittens, the study p
Page 165 and 166: Cougar Home Range Shifts and Appare
Page 167 and 168: iomass, or directly when cougars ar
Page 169 and 170: Mountain Lion Movement Patterns in
Page 171 and 172: Genetics and Disease Proceedings of
Page 173 and 174: and CO2 rifles and biopsy darts (bo
Page 175 and 176: Estimation of the Bottleneck Size i
Page 177 and 178: A Preliminary Retrospective on the
Page 179 and 180: Population Estimation and Dynamics
Page 181 and 182: Dynamics and Demography of a Centra
Page 183 and 184: The Idaho Backcountry: Is it Still
Page 185 and 186: Study Areas and Methods We selected
Page 187 and 188: We calculated the proportion of res
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Warren Adult Female Sub Female Sub
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Harvest Rate Change Four long-term
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had increased to over 25% of the co
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editor. Proceedings of the Third Mo
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Censusing Pumas by Categorizing Phy
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Education and Social Issues Proceed
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The Land of the Living Dead Comes A
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Science and Education Working Toget
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Her dad was a cougar hunter, so Eve
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The Gray Whales’ Migration Journe
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11) How do we manage real-time GPS
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harvest is not allowed. This reflec
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Key Concepts: Mountain Lion Managem
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Dispersal Movements of Subadult Cou
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Cougar Management Protocols: a Surv
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Response percent Response percent 1
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Table 2. Cougar population status b
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Table 5. Responses to what informat
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Rating average 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.
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Throughout the US and Canada, appro
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Percent Percent 100 90 80 70 60 50
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Table 8. Agency responses to what c
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the incident rated highest (67%). O
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Brochures/pamphlets/factsheets News
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In terms of education and outreach
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Population Status A vital prerequis
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agencies towards a standardized lan
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., a
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6) How does your agency solicit non
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19a) Hunting information Number of
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Game Warden/Conservation Officer Pr
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Cougars are not relocated when invo
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Other (explain) 45) What approaches
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Poster Session Proceedings of the N
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Generating an Index of Relative Abu
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Movements of a Female Cougar on the
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Survival and Ages of Cougars Harves
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Intra-specific Variation in Cougar
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Cougars in British Columbia: Conser
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Cougar-Induced Vigilance in Ungulat
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List of Participants First Name Las
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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