Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop - Carnivore ...

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Estimating Lion Population Abundance Using DNA Samples in the Blackfoot Drainage of West-Central Montana Richard M. DeSimone, Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 600 North Park Ave., Helena, MT 59620 rdesimone@mt.gov Michael K. Schwartz, Rocky Mountain Research Station, United States Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59807 mkschwartz@fs.fed.us Kristine L. Pilgrim, Rocky Mountain Research Station, United States Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59807 kpilgrim@fs.fed.us Kevin S. McKelvey, Rocky Mountain Research Station, United States Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59807 kmckelvey@fs.fed.us ABSTRACT Mountain lion (Puma concolor) DNA was collected from late November 2005 through February 2006 from a 1,377-km 2 area in the Blackfoot Drainage of westcentral Montana to evaluate to the use of DNA sampling to estimate lion abundance. Three houndsmen spent 80 days systematically hunting, treeing lions and collecting tissue samples using biopsy darts fired from a CO2-powered rifle. They drove 920 km, snowmobiled 5800 km and hiked 65 km. Thirty four tissue samples were collected representing 20 individual lions (estimated to weigh over 34 kg). All tissue samples were successfully genotyped using 12 variable, microsatellite loci, which allowed ample power to discern individuals. In addition, 60 lion tracks were backtracked, 158 hair samples were collected and 133 analyzed. Twenty percent of backtracks and 13% of the hair samples resulted in quality DNA for individual and sex identification. During the first sampling period (late November–January), 20 individual lions were genotyped from 17 tissue and 3 hair samples. During the second sampling period during February, 12 individual lions were genotyped from 10 tissue and 2 hair samples. Eight of the 12 lions during the second sampling period were recaptures. Overall, a total of 24 individual lions were identified (14 females, 9 males, and 1 unknown). A simple Lincoln-Petersen index produces an abundance estimate of 29 lions with a 95% CI that ranged between 25 and 33, resulting in an estimated density of between 1.8 and 2.4 lions per 100 km 2 . These preliminary results suggest that DNA sampling may be a valuable monitoring technique to estimate lion abundance. Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 162
Estimation of the Bottleneck Size in Florida Panthers Melanie Culver, Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Natural Resources, University of Arizona, 213 Biosciences East, Tucson, AZ 85745, USA, culver@ag.arizona.edu Philip Hedrick, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA, philip.hedrick@asu.edu ABSTRACT An estimate of genetic variation in museum samples (1890s) and contemporary (1980s) samples for Florida panthers (Puma concolor) was obtained at both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA loci. Although the sample size and number of loci was limited, for microsatellite diversity, contemporary samples had 32.5% of the heterozygosity of that found in museum samples. The mitochondrial DNA diversity was 0.60 in museum samples and 0.00 in contemporary samples. Using a population genetics approach, we have estimated that to reduce diversity at microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA loci to this extent, an effective bottleneck size of approximately two individuals for several generations is required. Given the ratio of effective population size to census population size (Ne/N) of 0.315, estimated from Yellowstone pumas, this translates into a census size of 6.2. Overall, the census population was 41 in non-bottleneck generations and 6.2 for the two bottleneck generations. This low population size is likely to be responsible for the reduction in fitness, or inbreeding depression, observed in Florida panthers prior to the genetic restoration that introduced Texas individuals into Florida. Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 163
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Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain L
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IN REMEMBRANCE There are giants who
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Distinguished Service Awards Mauric
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North Dakota Dorothy Fescke .......
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Evaluation of noninvasive genetic s
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Survival and ages of cougars harves
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Preface Chronology of Mountain Lion
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9 th Mtn. Lion Workshop Agenda Coug
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10:35-10:55 Estimating lion populat
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Movements of a female cougar on the
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State and Province Mountain Lion St
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160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Lions
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somewhat stable, though overall abu
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Idaho Cougar Ages 2002 2003 2004 20
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and that occurred in 1999 to a 13-y
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the approximately 15 other bills in
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for Project CAT; his primary focus
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Oregon Mountain Lion Status Report
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cougar seasons are 10 months long (
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Population Status and Trend Status
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California Mountain Lion Status Rep
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Number (i) The permit does not inva
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The steps in responding to a public
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during the attack, objects chewed o
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Montana Mountain Lion Status Report
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Red Desert basin. Mixed conifer and
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Table 1. Wyoming mountain lion mana
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(Fig. 4). Approximately 90% of all
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- Use of rubber bullets - Use of pe
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Literature Cited Anderson, C.R., JR
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Genetic Monitoring A recent study b
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., F
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Mule deer and bighorn sheep hunting
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In 1981, the Harvest Objective hunt
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more than 10% of Nevada’s 286,298
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Future Research The Department is c
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Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW
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Figure 1. Wildlife Management Units
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Figure 2. Cougar habitat in Utah. A
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Table 1. Utah cougar harvests, 1989
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while encouraging some hunter selec
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State’s management objectives (ma
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Stoner, D. C., W. Reith, M.L. Wolfe
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Figure 1. Colorado mountain lion Da
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Percent Q. Achievement & Success 65
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in which we request voluntary reduc
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Figure 6 is preliminary information
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humans, predation on pets, hobby st
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Arizona Mountain Lion Status Report
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Hunt Regulations Since the 8 th Mou
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The AZGFD supports the Cooperative
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South Dakota Mountain Lion Status R
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National Park [TRNP], Three Affilia
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Mountain lion carcasses were weighe
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Figure 2. Verified mountain lion lo
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In 2007, eleven mountain lions (n =
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increases or expansion. The overall
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Florida Mountain Lion Status Report
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interactions. Six categories of int
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cases (a large breed dog, miniature
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Interactions with Humans at the Urb
Page 123 and 124: Demographic and Landscape Influence
Page 125 and 126: Challenges and Opportunities Facing
Page 127 and 128: Caloosahatchee River will be depend
Page 129 and 130: Prospects for Mountain Lion Persist
Page 131 and 132: Habitat Use and Movements Proceedin
Page 133 and 134: Daily Movement Distances of Florida
Page 135 and 136: Refining the Use of GPS Telemetry C
Page 137 and 138: ural areas (hereafter, developed zo
Page 139 and 140: owned, of which over 50% were zoned
Page 141 and 142: Garmin ® (Garmin Ltd.) GPS units.
Page 143 and 144: the steplength and turnangle distri
Page 145 and 146: Table 1. Collar performance, time m
Page 147 and 148: depredation on goats newly introduc
Page 149 and 150: Paths derived from puma movement pa
Page 151 and 152: Table 6 and Fig. 3 display the perc
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Page 155 and 156: parcels) and non-preferred habitat
Page 157 and 158: CDFG 2000. California Department of
Page 159 and 160: Stralberg, D. and B. Williams. 2002
Page 161 and 162: Multi-Carnivore and Prey Interactio
Page 163 and 164: subadults, and kittens, the study p
Page 165 and 166: Cougar Home Range Shifts and Appare
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Page 169 and 170: Mountain Lion Movement Patterns in
Page 171 and 172: Genetics and Disease Proceedings of
Page 173: and CO2 rifles and biopsy darts (bo
Page 177 and 178: A Preliminary Retrospective on the
Page 179 and 180: Population Estimation and Dynamics
Page 181 and 182: Dynamics and Demography of a Centra
Page 183 and 184: The Idaho Backcountry: Is it Still
Page 185 and 186: Study Areas and Methods We selected
Page 187 and 188: We calculated the proportion of res
Page 189 and 190: Warren Adult Female Sub Female Sub
Page 191 and 192: Harvest Rate Change Four long-term
Page 193 and 194: had increased to over 25% of the co
Page 195 and 196: editor. Proceedings of the Third Mo
Page 197 and 198: Censusing Pumas by Categorizing Phy
Page 199 and 200: Education and Social Issues Proceed
Page 201 and 202: The Land of the Living Dead Comes A
Page 203 and 204: Science and Education Working Toget
Page 205 and 206: Her dad was a cougar hunter, so Eve
Page 207 and 208: The Gray Whales’ Migration Journe
Page 209 and 210: 11) How do we manage real-time GPS
Page 211 and 212: harvest is not allowed. This reflec
Page 213 and 214: Key Concepts: Mountain Lion Managem
Page 215 and 216: Dispersal Movements of Subadult Cou
Page 217 and 218: Cougar Management Protocols: a Surv
Page 219 and 220: Response percent Response percent 1
Page 221 and 222: Table 2. Cougar population status b
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Rating average 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.
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Throughout the US and Canada, appro
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Percent Percent 100 90 80 70 60 50
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Table 8. Agency responses to what c
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the incident rated highest (67%). O
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Brochures/pamphlets/factsheets News
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In terms of education and outreach
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Population Status A vital prerequis
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agencies towards a standardized lan
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., a
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6) How does your agency solicit non
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19a) Hunting information Number of
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Game Warden/Conservation Officer Pr
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Cougars are not relocated when invo
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Other (explain) 45) What approaches
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Poster Session Proceedings of the N
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Generating an Index of Relative Abu
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Movements of a Female Cougar on the
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Survival and Ages of Cougars Harves
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Intra-specific Variation in Cougar
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Cougars in British Columbia: Conser
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Cougar-Induced Vigilance in Ungulat
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List of Participants First Name Las
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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