Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop - Carnivore ...

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Implications of Sink Populations in Large Carnivore Management: Cougar Demography and Immigration in a Hunted Population. Hugh S. Robinson, Large Carnivore Conservation Laboratory, Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6410, USA. Hugh.robinson@umontana.edu Robert B. Wielgus, Large Carnivore Conservation Laboratory, Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6410, USA. wielgus@wsu.edu Hilary S. Cooley, Large Carnivore Conservation Laboratory, Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6410, USA. hcruicks@wsu.edu Skye W. Cooley, Cirque Geoscience. Pullman, WA, USA 99163. ABSTRACT Carnivores are widely hunted for both sport and population control especially where they conflict with human interests. How carnivore populations respond to harvest can vary greatly depending on their social structure, reproductive strategies, and dispersal patterns. If carnivore management plans (both sport harvest and population control) do not take into account the specific response of individual species to harvest, the plans may be detrimental to the greater population, or ineffective for local population control. Hunted cougar populations have shown a great degree of resiliency, due to high immigration and recruitment, and have sustained annual harvest levels of 15-30 % of resident adults. Although hunting cougars on a broad geographic scale (>2,000 km 2 ) can reduce cougar densities, hunting of small areas (i.e., Game Management Units
Dispersal Movements of Subadult Cougars from the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming: Concepts of Range Edge, Range Expansion, and Repatriation. Daniel J. Thompson, (presenter) Jonathan A. Jenks, and Brian D. Jansen. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007-1696, USA, Daniel.Thompson@sdstate.edu ABSTRACT Dispersal plays a vital role in cougar (Puma concolor) population ecology, increasing genetic viability and maintaining gene flow between populations. The Black Hills cougar population is at the eastern edge of cougar range in North America and completely surrounded by the Northern Great Plains. In addition, the population rebounded from practical extirpation to that of a flourishing breeding cougar population within the 20th century. Because of the semi-isolated nature of the re-established cougar population, we wanted to document dispersal movements of subadult cougars captured within the Black Hills ecosystem. Subadult cougars were captured during the winters of 2003-2006, fitted with VHF radio-transmitters, and monitored weekly. Locations were plotted in ArcGIS and dispersal distances calculated from capture point/natal home range to: site of death, last known location, or post-dispersal home range centerpoint. Kittens were captured by hand from radioed females to document age of independence and dispersal. A total of 29 subadult cougars were captured in the Black Hills (n=19 males, n=10 females). Cougars reached independence an average of 13.5 months from parturition; with dispersal occurring 1-3 months post independence. Males dispersed (mean = 302.5 km; range: 29.9-1,067.0 km) farther than females (mean = 48.5 km; range 12.5-110.1 km). Female cougars exhibited 40% philopatry, with no successful recruiting of subadult males to the Black Hills population. We documented several (n=5) long distance dispersal movements (>250 km) by male cougars and suggest that males making long-distance movements were in essence seeking an available mate. Dispersal movements away from the study area crossed atypical cougar habitat (i.e., prairie/grassland, agricultural and interstate highway systems). Our results suggest that cougar population connectivity, range expansion and habitat repatriation are occurring across North America. Furthermore we suggest that agencies react proactively to cougar movements and increase public knowledge of cougar ecology in areas where cougars have been devoid for long periods. Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 203
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Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain L
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IN REMEMBRANCE There are giants who
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Distinguished Service Awards Mauric
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North Dakota Dorothy Fescke .......
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Evaluation of noninvasive genetic s
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Survival and ages of cougars harves
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Preface Chronology of Mountain Lion
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9 th Mtn. Lion Workshop Agenda Coug
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10:35-10:55 Estimating lion populat
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Movements of a female cougar on the
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State and Province Mountain Lion St
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160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Lions
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somewhat stable, though overall abu
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Idaho Cougar Ages 2002 2003 2004 20
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and that occurred in 1999 to a 13-y
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the approximately 15 other bills in
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for Project CAT; his primary focus
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Oregon Mountain Lion Status Report
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cougar seasons are 10 months long (
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Population Status and Trend Status
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California Mountain Lion Status Rep
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Number (i) The permit does not inva
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The steps in responding to a public
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during the attack, objects chewed o
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Montana Mountain Lion Status Report
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Red Desert basin. Mixed conifer and
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Table 1. Wyoming mountain lion mana
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(Fig. 4). Approximately 90% of all
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- Use of rubber bullets - Use of pe
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Literature Cited Anderson, C.R., JR
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Genetic Monitoring A recent study b
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., F
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Mule deer and bighorn sheep hunting
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In 1981, the Harvest Objective hunt
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more than 10% of Nevada’s 286,298
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Future Research The Department is c
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Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW
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Figure 1. Wildlife Management Units
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Figure 2. Cougar habitat in Utah. A
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Table 1. Utah cougar harvests, 1989
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while encouraging some hunter selec
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State’s management objectives (ma
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Stoner, D. C., W. Reith, M.L. Wolfe
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Figure 1. Colorado mountain lion Da
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Percent Q. Achievement & Success 65
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in which we request voluntary reduc
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Figure 6 is preliminary information
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humans, predation on pets, hobby st
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Arizona Mountain Lion Status Report
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Hunt Regulations Since the 8 th Mou
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The AZGFD supports the Cooperative
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South Dakota Mountain Lion Status R
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National Park [TRNP], Three Affilia
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Mountain lion carcasses were weighe
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Figure 2. Verified mountain lion lo
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In 2007, eleven mountain lions (n =
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increases or expansion. The overall
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Florida Mountain Lion Status Report
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interactions. Six categories of int
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cases (a large breed dog, miniature
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Interactions with Humans at the Urb
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Demographic and Landscape Influence
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Challenges and Opportunities Facing
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Caloosahatchee River will be depend
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Prospects for Mountain Lion Persist
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Habitat Use and Movements Proceedin
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Daily Movement Distances of Florida
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Refining the Use of GPS Telemetry C
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ural areas (hereafter, developed zo
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owned, of which over 50% were zoned
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Garmin ® (Garmin Ltd.) GPS units.
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the steplength and turnangle distri
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Table 1. Collar performance, time m
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depredation on goats newly introduc
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Paths derived from puma movement pa
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Table 6 and Fig. 3 display the perc
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even mortality from a heavily explo
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parcels) and non-preferred habitat
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CDFG 2000. California Department of
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Stralberg, D. and B. Williams. 2002
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Multi-Carnivore and Prey Interactio
Page 163 and 164: subadults, and kittens, the study p
Page 165 and 166: Cougar Home Range Shifts and Appare
Page 167 and 168: iomass, or directly when cougars ar
Page 169 and 170: Mountain Lion Movement Patterns in
Page 171 and 172: Genetics and Disease Proceedings of
Page 173 and 174: and CO2 rifles and biopsy darts (bo
Page 175 and 176: Estimation of the Bottleneck Size i
Page 177 and 178: A Preliminary Retrospective on the
Page 179 and 180: Population Estimation and Dynamics
Page 181 and 182: Dynamics and Demography of a Centra
Page 183 and 184: The Idaho Backcountry: Is it Still
Page 185 and 186: Study Areas and Methods We selected
Page 187 and 188: We calculated the proportion of res
Page 189 and 190: Warren Adult Female Sub Female Sub
Page 191 and 192: Harvest Rate Change Four long-term
Page 193 and 194: had increased to over 25% of the co
Page 195 and 196: editor. Proceedings of the Third Mo
Page 197 and 198: Censusing Pumas by Categorizing Phy
Page 199 and 200: Education and Social Issues Proceed
Page 201 and 202: The Land of the Living Dead Comes A
Page 203 and 204: Science and Education Working Toget
Page 205 and 206: Her dad was a cougar hunter, so Eve
Page 207 and 208: The Gray Whales’ Migration Journe
Page 209 and 210: 11) How do we manage real-time GPS
Page 211 and 212: harvest is not allowed. This reflec
Page 213: Key Concepts: Mountain Lion Managem
Page 217 and 218: Cougar Management Protocols: a Surv
Page 219 and 220: Response percent Response percent 1
Page 221 and 222: Table 2. Cougar population status b
Page 223 and 224: Table 5. Responses to what informat
Page 225 and 226: Rating average 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.
Page 227 and 228: Throughout the US and Canada, appro
Page 229 and 230: Percent Percent 100 90 80 70 60 50
Page 231 and 232: Table 8. Agency responses to what c
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Page 235 and 236: Brochures/pamphlets/factsheets News
Page 237 and 238: In terms of education and outreach
Page 239 and 240: Population Status A vital prerequis
Page 241 and 242: agencies towards a standardized lan
Page 243 and 244: Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., a
Page 245 and 246: 6) How does your agency solicit non
Page 247 and 248: 19a) Hunting information Number of
Page 249 and 250: Game Warden/Conservation Officer Pr
Page 251 and 252: Cougars are not relocated when invo
Page 253 and 254: Other (explain) 45) What approaches
Page 255 and 256: Poster Session Proceedings of the N
Page 257 and 258: Generating an Index of Relative Abu
Page 259 and 260: Movements of a Female Cougar on the
Page 261 and 262: Survival and Ages of Cougars Harves
Page 263 and 264: Intra-specific Variation in Cougar
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Cougars in British Columbia: Conser
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Cougar-Induced Vigilance in Ungulat
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List of Participants First Name Las
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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