Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop - Carnivore ...

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daytime locations, and all points occurring between 21:00 hrs and 05:00 hrs PST as nighttime locations. Day and night location files were created for each puma, including the parcel sizes associated with each location point. We calculated the percentage of locations in each of the 6 parcel size classes for the day and nighttime locations of each puma. Paired Student’s t-tests were used in JMP 5 ® to identify diel differences in puma use of the parcel size classes. Results GPS collars and capture We deployed GPS collars on 19 pumas during 2002-2005, with one animal collared twice. Pumas were tracked by collar during 2002-2006. Fourteen of these collars yielded successful downloads, representing all data collected by GPS collars on 13 individuals. Table 1 displays: age class, sex, development zone, collar type, number of location fixes used in analyses, fix interval, duration of data for each puma, and mortality occurrence and cause of death. We used only high-quality fixes in analyses for pumas from which collar downloads were obtained. Pumas whose GPS collars failed were only included in survival and dispersal analyses, using ARGOS-transmitted GPS collar locations, aerial and ground VHF locations, and capture and carcass locations (Table 1). We collared 4 adult male pumas, 4 subadult males, 1 juvenile male (pre-independence), 7 adult females, and 3 subadult females. Nine collared pumas occupied the developed zone while 10 of the animals lived in the undeveloped zone. Subadult pumas collared in the undeveloped zone that moved to developing rural areas after independence were classified as developed zone pumas. Developed zone pumas lived in a mosaic of ranches, ranchettes, public lands and residential developments networked by highways. Undeveloped zone pumas occupied a mix of national forest and private timberlands with few or no residential properties. Survival Table 1 displays the number of days that each puma was monitored from first observation (usually capture date) through the animal’s last documented location. Survival or mortality at the end of each animal’s monitoring period is noted, as well as cause of death. Six of 9 pumas (66.7%) collared in the developed zone were known to have died between 10 weeks and 26 months after capture, while 1 of 10 pumas (10%) died in the developed zone, 10 months post-capture. Because the death of subadult female 901 was documented long after collar retrieval (26 months post-capture), we included in analyses only the 10month period during which this female was tracked by collar, in order to compare survival between groups monitored for comparable periods. Pumas were monitored for a mean 296 days with standard deviation of 164 days. Two-sample independent Student’s t-tests found the number of days pumas were monitored did not differ between sexes (t = 1.300, df = 17, p = 0.212), ages (t = 0.078, df = 17, p = 0.939), development zone (t = 0.088, df = 17, p = 0.931) or for animals documented to have survived versus those that Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 132
Table 1. Collar performance, time monitored by collar, and puma fates by development zone, for GPS-collared pumas in California’s Western Sierra Nevada, 2002-2007. TA = Telonics Argos collar. TP = Televilt PosRec Collar. Puma ID: S = Subadult, A = Adult, J = Juvenile; M = Male, F = Female. Puma ID Collar type No. High quality fixes Fix interval (hrs) Days monitored by collar Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop Mortality Cause of death Exurban zone SM119 TA 1197 3 211 Y puma SM130 TA 2055 3 478 N SM170 TA 72 1 NA 236 N AF200 TA 1114 3 454 Y depredation AF797 TP 445 2 224 N AM852a TP 1240 1 68 Y depredation SM852b TP 1131 2 171 Y vehicle SF889 TP 22 2 NA 521 Y depredation SF901 TP 146 12 270 Y 4 depredation Undeveloped zone AM110 TA 7 1 NA 172 N JM150 TA 484 3 95 N AM160 TA 1521 3 286 Y unknown AF180 TA 3014 3 677 N AM190 TA 2285 3 492 N AF809 TP 163 2 317 N AF819 TP 830 2 230 N AF838 TP 12 1 NA 82 N AF868/ 829 3 TP 2596 2, 1 355 N SF881 TP 34 1 NA 288 N 1 Argos uplink, aerial, and ground locations only; no GPS collar download. 2 Aerial and ground locations only; no GPS collar download. 3 Adult female collared twice consecutively. 4 Puma killed 16 mos. after collar detachment, mortality not used in analyses. 133
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Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain L
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IN REMEMBRANCE There are giants who
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Distinguished Service Awards Mauric
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North Dakota Dorothy Fescke .......
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Evaluation of noninvasive genetic s
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Survival and ages of cougars harves
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Preface Chronology of Mountain Lion
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9 th Mtn. Lion Workshop Agenda Coug
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10:35-10:55 Estimating lion populat
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Movements of a female cougar on the
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State and Province Mountain Lion St
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160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Lions
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somewhat stable, though overall abu
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Idaho Cougar Ages 2002 2003 2004 20
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and that occurred in 1999 to a 13-y
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the approximately 15 other bills in
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for Project CAT; his primary focus
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Oregon Mountain Lion Status Report
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cougar seasons are 10 months long (
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Population Status and Trend Status
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California Mountain Lion Status Rep
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Number (i) The permit does not inva
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The steps in responding to a public
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during the attack, objects chewed o
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Montana Mountain Lion Status Report
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Red Desert basin. Mixed conifer and
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Table 1. Wyoming mountain lion mana
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(Fig. 4). Approximately 90% of all
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- Use of rubber bullets - Use of pe
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Literature Cited Anderson, C.R., JR
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Genetic Monitoring A recent study b
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., F
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Mule deer and bighorn sheep hunting
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In 1981, the Harvest Objective hunt
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more than 10% of Nevada’s 286,298
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Future Research The Department is c
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Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW
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Figure 1. Wildlife Management Units
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Figure 2. Cougar habitat in Utah. A
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Table 1. Utah cougar harvests, 1989
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while encouraging some hunter selec
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State’s management objectives (ma
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Stoner, D. C., W. Reith, M.L. Wolfe
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Figure 1. Colorado mountain lion Da
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Percent Q. Achievement & Success 65
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in which we request voluntary reduc
Page 93 and 94: Figure 6 is preliminary information
Page 95 and 96: humans, predation on pets, hobby st
Page 97 and 98: Arizona Mountain Lion Status Report
Page 99 and 100: Hunt Regulations Since the 8 th Mou
Page 101 and 102: The AZGFD supports the Cooperative
Page 103 and 104: South Dakota Mountain Lion Status R
Page 105 and 106: National Park [TRNP], Three Affilia
Page 107 and 108: Mountain lion carcasses were weighe
Page 109 and 110: Figure 2. Verified mountain lion lo
Page 111 and 112: In 2007, eleven mountain lions (n =
Page 113 and 114: increases or expansion. The overall
Page 115 and 116: Florida Mountain Lion Status Report
Page 117 and 118: interactions. Six categories of int
Page 119 and 120: cases (a large breed dog, miniature
Page 121 and 122: Interactions with Humans at the Urb
Page 123 and 124: Demographic and Landscape Influence
Page 125 and 126: Challenges and Opportunities Facing
Page 127 and 128: Caloosahatchee River will be depend
Page 129 and 130: Prospects for Mountain Lion Persist
Page 131 and 132: Habitat Use and Movements Proceedin
Page 133 and 134: Daily Movement Distances of Florida
Page 135 and 136: Refining the Use of GPS Telemetry C
Page 137 and 138: ural areas (hereafter, developed zo
Page 139 and 140: owned, of which over 50% were zoned
Page 141 and 142: Garmin ® (Garmin Ltd.) GPS units.
Page 143: the steplength and turnangle distri
Page 147 and 148: depredation on goats newly introduc
Page 149 and 150: Paths derived from puma movement pa
Page 151 and 152: Table 6 and Fig. 3 display the perc
Page 153 and 154: even mortality from a heavily explo
Page 155 and 156: parcels) and non-preferred habitat
Page 157 and 158: CDFG 2000. California Department of
Page 159 and 160: Stralberg, D. and B. Williams. 2002
Page 161 and 162: Multi-Carnivore and Prey Interactio
Page 163 and 164: subadults, and kittens, the study p
Page 165 and 166: Cougar Home Range Shifts and Appare
Page 167 and 168: iomass, or directly when cougars ar
Page 169 and 170: Mountain Lion Movement Patterns in
Page 171 and 172: Genetics and Disease Proceedings of
Page 173 and 174: and CO2 rifles and biopsy darts (bo
Page 175 and 176: Estimation of the Bottleneck Size i
Page 177 and 178: A Preliminary Retrospective on the
Page 179 and 180: Population Estimation and Dynamics
Page 181 and 182: Dynamics and Demography of a Centra
Page 183 and 184: The Idaho Backcountry: Is it Still
Page 185 and 186: Study Areas and Methods We selected
Page 187 and 188: We calculated the proportion of res
Page 189 and 190: Warren Adult Female Sub Female Sub
Page 191 and 192: Harvest Rate Change Four long-term
Page 193 and 194: had increased to over 25% of the co
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editor. Proceedings of the Third Mo
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Censusing Pumas by Categorizing Phy
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Education and Social Issues Proceed
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The Land of the Living Dead Comes A
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Science and Education Working Toget
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Her dad was a cougar hunter, so Eve
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The Gray Whales’ Migration Journe
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11) How do we manage real-time GPS
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harvest is not allowed. This reflec
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Key Concepts: Mountain Lion Managem
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Dispersal Movements of Subadult Cou
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Cougar Management Protocols: a Surv
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Response percent Response percent 1
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Table 2. Cougar population status b
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Table 5. Responses to what informat
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Rating average 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.
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Throughout the US and Canada, appro
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Percent Percent 100 90 80 70 60 50
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Table 8. Agency responses to what c
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the incident rated highest (67%). O
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Brochures/pamphlets/factsheets News
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In terms of education and outreach
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Population Status A vital prerequis
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agencies towards a standardized lan
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., a
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6) How does your agency solicit non
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19a) Hunting information Number of
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Game Warden/Conservation Officer Pr
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Cougars are not relocated when invo
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Other (explain) 45) What approaches
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Poster Session Proceedings of the N
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Generating an Index of Relative Abu
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Movements of a Female Cougar on the
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Survival and Ages of Cougars Harves
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Intra-specific Variation in Cougar
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Cougars in British Columbia: Conser
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Cougar-Induced Vigilance in Ungulat
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List of Participants First Name Las
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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