Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop - Carnivore ...

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fragmentation from major road development or expansion, and maintain habitat linkages and property parcel sizes greater than 40 acres. Measures to limit human-caused mortality are essential, including educating residents on depredation threats and prevention, and providing highway underpasses along wildlife movement corridors. Acknowledgements California Department of Fish and Game Resource Assessment Program created this project and implemented the study with the help of University of California Davis Department of Plant Science and Wildlife Health Center. We thank the many individuals from these departments who assisted us. Thanks to Jeff Finn, Eric Loft, Doug Updike, Dan Gifford, Lora Konde, Terry Weiss, and all at CDFG for their efforts in creating and managing the study. Thanks to Ron Betram and Cliff Wylie of CDFG for conducting and managing fieldwork and for their insights to puma behavior. We also thank USDA APHIS Wildlife Services and Craig Coolahan for collaboration. We are grateful for the efforts of houndsmen John Chandler, Steve Gallentine, Jim Kincaid, Blue Milsap, John Nicholas, and Scott Young in trapping pumas. We thank UC Davis Information Center for the Environment, and Charles Convis and ESRI Conservation Program for their assistance with use of software and GIS training. In addition, we are grateful to the USDA Forest Service: El Dorado, Tahoe and Yuba National Forests; Sierra Pacific Industries; CA State Parks and Recreation Department; CA State University Chico Foundation; Bureau of Land Management, and the many private ranchers and homeowners who generously provided us access to land. Literature cited Aebischer, N. J., P. A. Robertson, and R. E. Kenward. 1993. Compositional analysis of habitat use from animal radio-tracking data. Ecology. 74:1313-1325. Anderson, A. E., D. C. Bowden, and D. M. Kattner, 1992. The Puma on Uncompahgre Plateau, Colorado (Technical Bulletin 40). Colorado Division of Wildlife, Fort Collins, CO. Andren, H. 1994. Effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals in landscapes with different proportions of suitable habitat: a review. Oikos 71:355–366. Ashman, D. L., G. C. Christensen, M. L. Hess, G. K. Tsukamoto, and M. S. Wickersham. 1983. The Mountain Lion in Nevada. Nevada Dept. of Wildlife, Carson City, NV. Beier, P., and R. H. Barrett. 1993. The cougar in the Santa Ana Mountain Range. Final Report to California Department of Fish and Game. Sacramento, CA. 105 pp. Beier, P. 1995. Dispersal of juvenile cougars in fragmented habitat. Journal of Wildlife Management. 59: 228-237. Beier, P., K. L. Penrod, C. Luke, W. D. Spencer, and C. Cabanero. 2006. South Coast Missing Linkages: restoring connectivity to wildlands in the largest metropolitan area in the United States. In: K. R. Crooks, and M.A. Sanjayan, eds., Connectivity Conservation. Cambridge University Press. Beyer, H. L. 2004. Hawth's Analysis Tools for ArcGIS. http://www.spatialecology.com/htools . Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 144
CDFG 2000. California Department of Fish and Game Wildlife Restraint Handbook. State of California Resources Agency, Wildlife Investigations Laboratory. Rancho Cordova, CA USA. CDFG 2006. California Department of Fish and Game, Mountain Lion News. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/news/issues/lion.html Accessed 1 Dec 2006. Cougar Management Guidelines Working Group. 2005. Beck, T., J. Beecham, P. Beier, T. Hofstra, M. Hornocker, F. Lindzey, K. Logan, B. Pierce, H. Quigley, I. Ross, H. Shaw, R. Sparrowe, and S. Torres. Cougar Management Guidelines. WildFutures, Bainbridge Island, WA. Crooks, K.R. 2002. Relative sensitivities of mammalian carnivores to habitat fragmentation. Conservation Biology. 16:488-502. Cunningham, S.C., W.B. Ballard, and H.A. Whitlaw. 2001. Age structure, survival, and mortality of mountain lions in southeastern Arizona. Southwestern Naturalist. 46:76-80. Duane, T.P. 1996. Human settlement, 1850–2040. pp. 235–359. in Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: Final Report to Congress, vol. II, Assessments and scientific basis for management options. University of California, Centers for Water and Wildlands Resources, Davis. 1528 pp. Dias, P.C. 1999. Sources and sinks in population biology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 11:326-330. Gittleman, J. L. 1993. Carnivore life histories: a re-analysis in the light of new models. in: N. Dunstone, and M. L. Gorman, eds. Mammals as predators. Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK. Hansson, L. 1991. Dispersal and connectivity in metapopulations. In: Gilpin, M. and I. Hanski, eds. Metapopulation dynamics: empirical and theoretical investigations. Academic Press, NY. Hemker, T. P., F. G. Lindzey, and B. B. Ackerman. 1984. Population characteristics and movement patterns of cougars in southern Utah. Journal of Wildlife Management. 48:1275-1284. Howe, R. W., G. J. Davis, and V. Mosca. 1991. The demographic significance of "sink" populations. Biological Conservation 57:239-255. Hunter, R., R. Fisher, and K.R. Crooks. 2003. Landscape-level connectivity in coastal southern California as assessed by carnivore habitat suitability. Natural Areas Journal. 23:302-314. Jalkotzy, M.G., P. I. Ross, and J. R. Gunson. 1992. Management plan for cougars in Alberta. Wildlife management planning series No. 5. Alberta Forestry, Lands, and Wildlife. Fish and Wildlife Division. Edmonton. 91 pp. Laing, S.P., and F.G. Lindzey 1993. Patterns of replacement of resident cougars in southern Utah. Journal of Mammalogy. 74:1056-1058. Lidicker, W. Z., Jr. 1975. The role of dispersal in the demography of small mammals. in: Golley, F. B., K. Petrusewicz, and L. Ryszkaowski, eds. Small Mammals: their Productivity and Population Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 103–128. Lindzey, F. G., B. B. Ackerman, D. Barnhurst, and T. P. Hemker. 1988. Survival rates of mountain lions in southern Utah. Journal of Wildlife Management 52:664–667. Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain Lion Workshop 145
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Proceedings of the Ninth Mountain L
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IN REMEMBRANCE There are giants who
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Distinguished Service Awards Mauric
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North Dakota Dorothy Fescke .......
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Evaluation of noninvasive genetic s
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Survival and ages of cougars harves
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Preface Chronology of Mountain Lion
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9 th Mtn. Lion Workshop Agenda Coug
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10:35-10:55 Estimating lion populat
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Movements of a female cougar on the
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State and Province Mountain Lion St
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160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Lions
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somewhat stable, though overall abu
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Idaho Cougar Ages 2002 2003 2004 20
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and that occurred in 1999 to a 13-y
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the approximately 15 other bills in
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for Project CAT; his primary focus
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Oregon Mountain Lion Status Report
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cougar seasons are 10 months long (
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Population Status and Trend Status
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California Mountain Lion Status Rep
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Number (i) The permit does not inva
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The steps in responding to a public
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during the attack, objects chewed o
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Montana Mountain Lion Status Report
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Red Desert basin. Mixed conifer and
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Table 1. Wyoming mountain lion mana
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(Fig. 4). Approximately 90% of all
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- Use of rubber bullets - Use of pe
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Literature Cited Anderson, C.R., JR
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Genetic Monitoring A recent study b
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., F
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Mule deer and bighorn sheep hunting
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In 1981, the Harvest Objective hunt
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more than 10% of Nevada’s 286,298
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Future Research The Department is c
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Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW
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Figure 1. Wildlife Management Units
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Figure 2. Cougar habitat in Utah. A
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Table 1. Utah cougar harvests, 1989
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while encouraging some hunter selec
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State’s management objectives (ma
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Stoner, D. C., W. Reith, M.L. Wolfe
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Figure 1. Colorado mountain lion Da
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Percent Q. Achievement & Success 65
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in which we request voluntary reduc
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Figure 6 is preliminary information
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humans, predation on pets, hobby st
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Arizona Mountain Lion Status Report
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Hunt Regulations Since the 8 th Mou
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The AZGFD supports the Cooperative
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South Dakota Mountain Lion Status R
Page 105 and 106: National Park [TRNP], Three Affilia
Page 107 and 108: Mountain lion carcasses were weighe
Page 109 and 110: Figure 2. Verified mountain lion lo
Page 111 and 112: In 2007, eleven mountain lions (n =
Page 113 and 114: increases or expansion. The overall
Page 115 and 116: Florida Mountain Lion Status Report
Page 117 and 118: interactions. Six categories of int
Page 119 and 120: cases (a large breed dog, miniature
Page 121 and 122: Interactions with Humans at the Urb
Page 123 and 124: Demographic and Landscape Influence
Page 125 and 126: Challenges and Opportunities Facing
Page 127 and 128: Caloosahatchee River will be depend
Page 129 and 130: Prospects for Mountain Lion Persist
Page 131 and 132: Habitat Use and Movements Proceedin
Page 133 and 134: Daily Movement Distances of Florida
Page 135 and 136: Refining the Use of GPS Telemetry C
Page 137 and 138: ural areas (hereafter, developed zo
Page 139 and 140: owned, of which over 50% were zoned
Page 141 and 142: Garmin ® (Garmin Ltd.) GPS units.
Page 143 and 144: the steplength and turnangle distri
Page 145 and 146: Table 1. Collar performance, time m
Page 147 and 148: depredation on goats newly introduc
Page 149 and 150: Paths derived from puma movement pa
Page 151 and 152: Table 6 and Fig. 3 display the perc
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Page 155: parcels) and non-preferred habitat
Page 159 and 160: Stralberg, D. and B. Williams. 2002
Page 161 and 162: Multi-Carnivore and Prey Interactio
Page 163 and 164: subadults, and kittens, the study p
Page 165 and 166: Cougar Home Range Shifts and Appare
Page 167 and 168: iomass, or directly when cougars ar
Page 169 and 170: Mountain Lion Movement Patterns in
Page 171 and 172: Genetics and Disease Proceedings of
Page 173 and 174: and CO2 rifles and biopsy darts (bo
Page 175 and 176: Estimation of the Bottleneck Size i
Page 177 and 178: A Preliminary Retrospective on the
Page 179 and 180: Population Estimation and Dynamics
Page 181 and 182: Dynamics and Demography of a Centra
Page 183 and 184: The Idaho Backcountry: Is it Still
Page 185 and 186: Study Areas and Methods We selected
Page 187 and 188: We calculated the proportion of res
Page 189 and 190: Warren Adult Female Sub Female Sub
Page 191 and 192: Harvest Rate Change Four long-term
Page 193 and 194: had increased to over 25% of the co
Page 195 and 196: editor. Proceedings of the Third Mo
Page 197 and 198: Censusing Pumas by Categorizing Phy
Page 199 and 200: Education and Social Issues Proceed
Page 201 and 202: The Land of the Living Dead Comes A
Page 203 and 204: Science and Education Working Toget
Page 205 and 206: Her dad was a cougar hunter, so Eve
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The Gray Whales’ Migration Journe
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11) How do we manage real-time GPS
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harvest is not allowed. This reflec
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Key Concepts: Mountain Lion Managem
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Dispersal Movements of Subadult Cou
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Cougar Management Protocols: a Surv
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Response percent Response percent 1
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Table 2. Cougar population status b
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Table 5. Responses to what informat
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Rating average 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.
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Throughout the US and Canada, appro
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Percent Percent 100 90 80 70 60 50
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Table 8. Agency responses to what c
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the incident rated highest (67%). O
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Brochures/pamphlets/factsheets News
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In terms of education and outreach
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Population Status A vital prerequis
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agencies towards a standardized lan
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Literature Cited Anderson, C. R., a
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6) How does your agency solicit non
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19a) Hunting information Number of
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Game Warden/Conservation Officer Pr
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Cougars are not relocated when invo
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Other (explain) 45) What approaches
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Poster Session Proceedings of the N
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Generating an Index of Relative Abu
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Movements of a Female Cougar on the
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Survival and Ages of Cougars Harves
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Intra-specific Variation in Cougar
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Cougars in British Columbia: Conser
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Cougar-Induced Vigilance in Ungulat
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List of Participants First Name Las
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ci
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