history of meals for millions, soy, and freedom from ... - SoyInfo Center

More documents

Recommendations

Info

vegetables and seasoning and costing only 3½ cents per portion will save the lives of millions of starving people in coming months if the 15-year-old dream of a Los Angeles cafeteria owner to ‘put a floor under hunger’ is realized. “This one dish Multi-Purpose Meal (MPM for short) was served regularly to delegates at the United Nations Conference... “For years Clinton had been experimenting with emergency meals selling for as low as 5 cents to low income people in his cafeterias... “The basic formula for the Multi-Purpose Meal, as submitted by Dr. Borsook, follows: Soy grits (68.0%; low fat, expeller process, precooked and dehydrated, 50% protein), dehydrated vegetables (23.4%; combinations as desired of onions, potatoes, green pepper, cabbage, tomatoes, celery, parsley, leeks, garlic and chili peppers), seasonings (8.6%; each manufacturer has his own seasoning blend). “Two firms now manufacturing MPM are F.W. Bolz [sic, Boltz] Corp., 3614 Council St., Los Angeles, California, and C.B. Gentry Co., 837 N. Spring St., Los Angeles.” A photo shows the gaudy outside of one of Clifton’s cafeterias in Los Angeles, with a waterfall flowing down the roof above the front door. 33. Photograph of Clifford Clinton (Los Angeles, California). 1945. MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDOM FROM HUNGER 28 © Copyright Soyinfo Center 2011 • Summary: Clifford Clinton, a Los Angeles restaurateur, was the key person behind the development of Multi- Purpose Food. This photo and date were sent to Soyinfo Center by Chris Dodson of Freedom from Hunger Foundation, Davis, California (Oct. 2010). The original of this photo hangs in the conference room at Freedom from Hunger. 34. Photograph of Clifford Clinton shaking hands with Dr. William Graves. 1945. • Summary: Taken in Clifford Clinton’s den / office at home, 5470 Los Feliz Blvd., Los Angeles. Dr. Graves was a personal friend and naturopathic, DC [Doctor of Chiropractic]. Clifford was the only person in the Clinton family that Dr. Graves treated. Dr. Graves was also a fisherman and High Sierra camper, which Clifford Clinton was not. Donald Clinton recalls: “Dad put me in the doctor’s care for several outings to the golden trout country of the High Sierras, when I was 16 and 17. His family of wife and 2 boys would often come to the house for a swim and a visit.” This photo and date were sent to Soyinfo Center by Donald Clinton, son of Clifford Clinton (Jan. 2011). 35. Los Angeles Times.1946. Eugene Williams appointed to prosecute Tojo. April 13. p. 1. • Summary: A photo shows Eugene D. Williams, who has been named as prosecutor for the Japanese war trials. Known as one of the most effective U.S. criminal prosecutors, he is presently head of the lands division in the U.S. Department of Justice in Los Angeles. He has been “appointed as a special prosecutor by the War Department to try Premier Tojo and 19 other major Jap war criminals.” “Won Clinton action: The veteran prosecutor was involved in many Los Angeles legal fights, including a bitterly contested suit he instituted against Clifford Clinton and his son, Edmund [sic, Edmond] Clinton. The Clintons
had accused Williams of paying $15,000 to Peter Del Gado to leave the city in the Fitts-Dockweiler campaign. [Note: In the Nov. 1940 election for district attorney, John Dockweiler was a Los Angeles lawyer, age 45, and a Democrat. In sharp contrast, Fitts, the Republican, was backed by the powerful Los Angeles Times, his steadfast ally through the years. According to a book by John Christgau, Fitts “was from the common folk, a war hero, a homely but brave man of action who was credited with having run hoodlums and spies out of Los Angeles. He had dared to defy the gangsters who had twice tried to assassinate him.” Clifford Clinton supported Dockweiler, and his regular radio attacks on Fitts were described as “mean spirited and strident.” Source: The Gambler and the Bug Boy, by John Christgau (2007, p. 162); Christgau strongly favored Fitts]. Williams brought a libel suit against Clinton “and was awarded nominal damages of $1 in 1941 after he had returned to private practice.” Note: This article helps to explain the relatively scant and superficial coverage given by the Los Angeles Times to Meals for Millions and its founder, Clifford Clinton. 36. Associated Press. 1946. Multi-Purpose Food made in California for Hungry China. Spokane Daily Chronicle (Washington). April 29. p. 2. • Summary: Los Angeles, April 20. Two California food makers announced today that they have started to ship 16 million pounds of scientifically prepared food to provide 512 million bowls of soup. “The food, made primarily from soy beans, was ordered by the United Nations relief and rehabilitation administration.” The formula for the food was developed, after two years of research, by Dr. Henry Borsook, professor of biochemistry at the California Institute of Technology and a widely respected authority on nutrition. “The preparation is similar to Borsook’s ‘multi-purpose meal’ which was sampled by delegates to the San Francisco conference.” Note: At this conference, held April 25 to June 6, 1945, the idea of a United Nations and its organization was discussed and debated. The United Nations Charter was signed three weeks later on 26 June 1945 in San Francisco. Miss Josephine Williams, a nutritionist who worked with Dr. Borsook on his research, said the new food–which was designed to give a maximum of protein–is 50% soya grits, with the balance composed of split peas, wheat flour, and a small percentage of peanut meal, salt, onion powder, and a flavoring of fish oil to please the Asian palate. 37. E.M.S. 1946. Good 5-cent meals for U.S. in plan for world’s hungry Christian Science Monitor. June 4. p. 5. • Summary: Clifford Clinton, the well-known restaurateur of Los Angeles, California, has just outlined a plan for the MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDOM FROM HUNGER 29 © Copyright Soyinfo Center 2011 establishment of 20,000 nation-wide community centers, where one can get a low-cost nutritious meal. He believes that such meals are the answer to the problem of feeding the millions who are hungry in war-torn Europe and Asia–without depriving Americans of food they need. Mr. Clinton has established a reputation for the price policy of his restaurants: “Pay what you wish–dine free unless delighted.” He will not turn away a single hungry person. Yet his restaurants have thrived on this policy and today they serve 16,000 meals a day. During the depression years of the 1930s, Mr. Clinton started in Los Angeles what he called the “penny restaurant,” at which he recorded more than a million meals served. In one 90-day period, 10,000 free meals were served to those who could not pay. Clinton started his first restaurant in 1931. He has also served as a food consultant to the Quartermaster Corps of the army, as well as to the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA). His long experience with food enabled him to foresee that there would be famine in Europe and Asia after the recent war. So he began to focus on a solution to the problem before it actually happened. He obtained the interest and help of Dr. Henry Borsook, Chief Biochemist at the California Institute of Technology and a member of the prestigious National Research Council. Mr. Clinton provided a grant to Dr. Borsook to fund his research in developing a nutritious, low-cost meal. “Today he is serving thousands of his M.P.M.–Multi- Purpose Meals–at his Los Angeles Restaurants for five cents each.” This “complete meal” is attractively served in a paper container with a paper spoon and a paper napkin plus a chocolate wafer for dessert. And the whole meal costs only five cents! Note: This is the earliest document seen (Dec. 2010) that mentions “M.P.M.” or “Multi-Purpose Meals.” Apparently the M.P.M. were originally designed specifically for use in Clinton’s Los Angeles restaurants. Mr. Clinton explains that the actual food in the meal costs only 2½ cents. At a demonstration for the writer and a group of distinguished guests at a private home in Los Angeles, Mr. Clinton shows how quickly and easily one meal in a 2-ounce package could be prepared. The contents was simply boiled in water for about 7 minutes. “When served, the M.P.M. resembled a cooked cereal, but was delightfully palatable.” A list of the ingredients is given–the main one being soy grits [which are left over after the soybean is crushed to make oil and meal]. The eleven basic criteria (as presented to Dr. Borsook) that each meal has to meet are listed. For example. “1. It has to be basically available for shipment from America in huge quantities, yet not rob the American consumer of any natural or raw food such as would be lost in the shipment
Page 1 and 2: MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDO
Page 7 and 8: Brief Chronology of Meals for Milli
Page 9 and 10: hungry and malnourished Brazilians.
Page 17 and 18: irth control pioneer Margaret Sange
Page 19 and 20: Clifton’s. 6 AM to Midnight.” O
Page 21 and 22: tables on the terraces at Clifton
Page 25 and 26: The meal contains the following mix
Page 27: Caltech kitchen palatability became
Page 31 and 32: 41. Soybean Digest.1946. Grits and
Page 33 and 34: available leafy vegetable or fruit
Page 37 and 38: 62. Los Angeles Times.1948. Multi-P
Page 41 and 42: check. It read: ‘Regardless of th
Page 43 and 44: “The product was used as an exten
Page 45 and 46: Note: This is the earliest document
Page 47 and 48: 101. Hendrick, Kimmis. 1955. ‘Mea
Page 49 and 50: 129; Courtesy The Nitragin Co.). (1
Page 51 and 52: 114. Subrahmanyan, V.; Rama Rao, G.
Page 53 and 54: Last week, with the help of the U.S
Page 55 and 56: • Summary: Dr. Henry Borsook, pro
Page 57 and 58: secretary of the Meals for Millions
Page 59 and 60: “Its policy should not be restric
Page 61 and 62: 142. Photograph of George Washingto
Page 65 and 66: • Summary: “The world-wide trav
Page 67 and 68: foods from soyabean: Soyabean milk,
Page 69 and 70: “The accompanying photo shows Rot
Page 71 and 72: importance is a long continued part
Page 73 and 74: (Multipurpose Food) is likely to be
Page 75 and 76: Meals for Millions.” 181. Flumerf
Page 77 and 78: 189. Chamberlain, Ernest R. 1964. R
Page 79 and 80:
Springs Conference held by forty-fo
Page 81 and 82:
exist for such a book about this ve
Page 83 and 84:
also found itself in danger of coll
Page 85 and 86:
nutritional value, and (4) communic
Page 87 and 88:
MFM by two federal departments appe
Page 89 and 90:
Then, unknown to MFM’s staff, “
Page 91 and 92:
California. Mark Sterner is foreman
Page 93 and 94:
ack, given to his father, Clifford
Page 95 and 96:
Millions Foundation symbolizes the
Page 97 and 98:
225. Soypro International Inc. 1969
Page 99 and 100:
“The first Clifton’s cafeteria
Page 101 and 102:
intellectual and spiritual satisfac
Page 103 and 104:
qualified (by personal participatio
Page 105 and 106:
serious famine from 1968-1970). Sch
Page 107 and 108:
later used by the Hunger Project, f
Page 109 and 110:
Wheat, 25.1 bu, 180 lb. Milk, 2,780
Page 111 and 112:
Box 1666), Santa Monica, California
Page 113 and 114:
as a means of selling their soybean
Page 115 and 116:
MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDO
Page 117 and 118:
• Summary: Peter J. Davies is now
Page 119 and 120:
In 1958 General Mills relieved Gent
Page 121 and 122:
“The Wonseong County was from the
Page 123 and 124:
eginning of that story is really ab
Page 125 and 126:
• Summary: Peter J. Davies is pre
Page 127 and 128:
previous year. Where the money come
Page 129 and 130:
eflected in the food and nutrition
Page 131 and 132:
pancake and waffle flour. He then t
Page 133 and 134:
When Mark Sterner came in to MFM it
Page 135 and 136:
306. Kuzins, Rebecca. 1984. Cliffor
Page 137 and 138:
They may well have received MPF. In
Page 139 and 140:
photo-copy of the label we discusse
Page 141 and 142:
Unfortunately this effort was not s
Page 143 and 144:
INTSOY was conceived by the governm
Page 145 and 146:
Note: Harlan H. Hobgood is presiden
Page 147 and 148:
“LEC: When did you first become i
Page 149 and 150:
Details on how to use the bibliogra
Page 151 and 152:
Address: 1644 DaVinci Court, P.O. B
Page 153 and 154:
The president’s report (p. 3) beg
Page 155 and 156:
MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDO
Page 157 and 158:
Guidelines (thin, 1969-1978). Quake
Page 159 and 160:
• Summary: Christopher Dunford, P
Page 161 and 162:
cover is a brown and white photo of
Page 163 and 164:
Education. It’s been nearly three
Page 165 and 166:
“That same drawer in that same fi
Page 167 and 168:
1994 total estimated population was
Page 169 and 170:
There was scaffolding throughout th
Page 171 and 172:
women in the program had skyrockete
Page 173 and 174:
50% back at Davis. Of their time ov
Page 175 and 176:
SUBJECT/GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX BY RECOR
Page 177 and 178:
Middle Eastern country. Soybeans as
Page 179 and 180:
CSY Agri-Processing, Inc. See Centr
Page 181 and 182:
Fiber, Soy-Bran (Pulverized Soybean
Page 183 and 184:
Isolated soy proteins. See Soy Prot
Page 185 and 186:
Maize. See Corn / Maize Malnutritio
Page 187 and 188:
Obituaries, Eulogies, Death Certifi
Page 189 and 190:
Sesame Seed (Sesamum indicum) (Also
Page 191 and 192:
Soybean Crushers (Europe). See Unil
Page 193 and 194:
Tofu, Non-Soy Relatives (Such as Wi
Page 195:
Wheat Gluten. 106 Whipping or foami
show all

history of meals for millions, soy, and freedom from ... - SoyInfo Center

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?