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ecent years, Ceylon has been consuming more than she has produced, creating a serious negative trade balance. Therefore the people of Ceylon (Sinhalese) must learn to make more efficient use of her existing food. And they need more protein in their rice-centered diet. Dr. Henry Borsook, Professor of Biochemistry at the California Institute of Technology and Research Director of the Meals for Millions Foundation and original inventor of the world famous “3¢ meal–multi-purpose food” points out that one doesn’t need “to have any animal proteins to be healthy. The mixture of proteins in most vegetables is hardly ever totally devoid of any of the indispensable amino acids. One or two may be low in one food. This relative deficiency is not the same in all vegetables and by mixing two or more vegetable foods with different relative deficiencies, the mixture can be nutritionally complete, and this is not difficult to do.” He further points out that “A country’s nutritional potential should and can be measured in terms of the essential nutrients in all forms which it grows, whether they are in foods commonly eaten or not.” (p. 3). In addition to “the cultivation of pulses, attention should be given to the production of leguminous crops which are rich in vegetable proteins like groundnut and soybeans. While these crops can be useful in providing much needed protein, we feel that soybean which through modern processing methods can be made to yield a ‘complete’ protein that compares favourably with milk or meat is the crop which should receive the greatest emphasis. In this connection it may be noted that: ‘Wherever soybeans can be grown–and there are few conditions under which they cannot–they are the cheapest source of complete protein in terms of land area required and the hours of labour employed per pound of protein provided.’” (p. 5. Meals for Millions Foundation, International Inter-Affiliate News, Nov. 1956, p. 8) “We are glad to make due acknowledgement of the great interest and helpfulness the Meals for Millions Foundation is continuing to show, to lead to the day when Ceylon, like India, will be able to produce her own multipurpose food and help the people to attain a still higher level of health and nutrition. “To re-capitulate, we have attempted in this memorandum, among other things, to show the steps that may be taken towards raising nutritional levels, bringing down the cost of living, augmenting savings for ensuring better capital investment, emphasising the gravity of the population problem before the country, the need for adapting food production to meet the nutritional standards of the population on more scientific lines and, pointed out the importance of producing low-cost nutritional supplements and infant foods, especially to help the low income groups.” (p. 14). Address: All Ceylon Buddhist Congress. MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDOM FROM HUNGER 74 © Copyright Soyinfo Center 2011 178. Pawley, Walter H. 1963. Possibilities of increasing world food production. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ix + 231 p. Illust. (part color). Map (folded color). 23 cm. Series: Freedom from Hunger Campaign, Basic Study No. 10 * Address: Director. 179. Photograph of (left to right) Nelda Clinton, Clifford Clinton, Fred Patterson, Jean Davis and her son, David. 1963. • Summary: Fred Patterson was Nelda’s father. Jean Clinton Davis was the daughter of Clifford and Nelda. Taken in 1963, in Jean’s living room in Los Angeles, after the untimely death of her husband. This photo and date were sent to Soyinfo Center by Donald Clinton, son of Clifford Clinton (Jan. 2011). 180. Hall, Elizabeth. 1964. Food for the future: Millions of tiny microbes, known as yeast cells, filled with vitamins and proteins, may relieve the pain of children suffering with kwashiorkor and other protein deficiency diseases. Science News Letter 85(1):10-11. Jan. 4. • Summary: The cells of food yeast, Torulopsis utilis, live on sugar and nitrogen; 1,000 pounds of food yeast seed can produce 7,000 pounds (3½ tons) of yeast protein per day. By contrast, a 1,000-pound steer (a giant “protein factory”) produces only nine-tenths of a pound of protein a day. 1,000 pounds of soybean seed produce only about 82 pounds of protein per day under favorable conditions. Food yeast is an excellent source of B-vitamins, however it should be used only as a supplement, rather than as the sole source of protein in a diet. Another type of yeast (Saccharomyces rouxii), known as “primary dried yeast,” is the familiar type of bread used to leaven bread and ferment wine. A one-celled organism, it reproduces by budding. Yeast “concentrates are being used in nutritional supplements such as Multi-Purpose Food sent overseas by
Meals for Millions.” 181. Flumerfelt, W.E. 1964. Sammy Soy grows up. Soybean News 15(2):1-3, 6. Jan. • Summary: The first full tankcar of domestic soybean oil was made by Otto Eisenschiml in 1918 or 1919 at the original solvent extraction plant of the Chicago Linseed Oil plant. Dr. Eisenschiml, now in his 80’s and still vigorous, was really the pioneer in the utilization of soybean oil industrially. Address: Director of Marketing Oilseeds Operations, Specialty Products Div., General Mills, Inc. 182. Rotarian (The).1964. More Meals for Millions. 104(3):48. March. • Summary: In May 1960 (p. 51) an article about Meals for Millions, by Hugh M. Tiner, first appeared in The Rotarian, explaining that nearly a dozen Rotary Clubs had joined the fight against hunger by providing or distributing Multi- Purpose Food to people in many nations. “Since the article appeared, more Rotary Clubs have acted. Seven California Clubs–those in West Covina, Wilshire, Wilmington, Baldwin Park, West Hollywood, Tarzana, and Avalon–have helped provide MPF to people in seven nations, often through Rotary Clubs in the receiving nations. The Rotary Clubs of West Kauai, Hawaii, and Brewster, New York, have also made donations to the Foundation. In all, Rotary Clubs have accounted for the shipment of tons of MPF to the hungry, and each standard 600-pound shipment supplies at least 4,800 meals.” 183. Asimow, Morris. 1964. Project Brazil: A case study in micro planning. International Development Review. June. * Address: Univ. of California at Los Angeles. 184. Shurpalekar, S.R.; Chandrasekhara, M.R.; Korula, Soma; Swaminathan, M.; Sreenivasan, A.; Subrahmanyan, V. 1964. Studies on a spray-dried infant food based on peanut protein isolate and full-fat soy flour and fortified with DL-methionine and certain vitamins and minerals. I. Preparation, chemical composition, and shelf life. Food Technology 18(6):108-10. June. (In 3 parts). [17 ref] • Summary: Meals for Millions may have inspired this research, but is not mentioned in the article. Address: Central Food Technological Research Inst. (CFTRI), Mysore, India. 185. Shurpalekar, S.R.; Korula, Soma; Chandrasekhara, M.R.; Swaminathan, M.; Chandrasekhar, B.S.; Sreenivasan, A.; Subrahmanyan, V. 1964. Studies on a spray-dried infant food based on peanut protein isolate and full-fat soy flour and fortified with DL-methionine and certain vitamins and minerals. II. Protein efficiency ratio and over-all nutritive value. Food Technology 18(6):110-12. June. (In 3 parts). [10 ref] MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDOM FROM HUNGER 75 © Copyright Soyinfo Center 2011 • Summary: This study was conducted on weanling albino rats. The PER of the infant food was 2.34, and that of the same fortified with DL-methionine was 2.86, compared with 3.19 for milk proteins. The infant food (both fortified and unfortified) promoted growth well. Address: Central Food Technological Research Inst. (CFTRI), Mysore, India. 186. Jayasena, H. 1964. Ceylon Meals for Millions Program. Report of proceedings of the inaugural meeting of the Meals for Millions Council of Ceylon, held 22 Sept. 1964 (Leaflet). Ceylon: Mimeograph leaflet published by the author. 2 p. 36 cm. • Summary: “The Junior Chamber of Colombo, on the suggestion of Miss Florence Rose, Executive Director of the Meals for Millions Foundation, U.S.A. who while on a brief visit to Ceylon since 1955 when she last came and founded the original Meals for Millions Committee, organised the reactivation of this programme by convening a meeting of voluntary social service and welfare organisations and interested persons to form the Meals for Millions Council of Ceylon. This meeting was held at the Jubilee Room of the Galle Face Hotel at 6.30 P.M. on 22.9.1964. “The proceedings of the meeting commenced by a discussion in which Miss Florence Rose expressed her deep debt to Mr. K. Somasundaram, former Director of the Ceylon Red Cross Society and to Dr. J.H.F. Jayasuriya who organised the meeting of the original Ceylon Meals for Millions Committee at his residence and to all those who helped to get the programme moving and thereby making the present developments possible. “In the course of her talk Miss Florence Rose reviewed the programme of the Meals for Millions Foundation all over the world and drew special attention to the developments that have taken place in India, Brazil, Philippines and Japan where the example of the American MPF had stimulated the development of local variations using indigenous raw materials hitherto unused as human food. She explained that in the course of the years since 1955 when she came to this beautiful Island, the Meals for Millions Foundation, U.S.A. had gifted to Ceylon approximately 40,000 lbs. of American MPF which utilises soyabean meal as its protein base to the Government of Ceylon, the Ceylon Red Cross Meals for Millions Committee and other voluntary agencies here. She also explained that in the course of the 18 years in which she has been directing this ‘People to People’ programme, 13 million pounds of this ‘Friendship Food’ (MPF) had been introduced to 129 countries.” “She pointed out that the Indian version of this food–’Indian multi-purpose Food’ is now used in the State of Madras to provide essential protein, vitamins and minerals for over one million children in the Madras State school feeding programme. She also emphasised the developments now taking place in the Philippines, which have been stimulated greatly by the work
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MEALS FOR MILLIONS, SOY, AND FREEDO
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Brief Chronology of Meals for Milli
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hungry and malnourished Brazilians.
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irth control pioneer Margaret Sange
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Clifton’s. 6 AM to Midnight.” O
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tables on the terraces at Clifton
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Page 31 and 32: 41. Soybean Digest.1946. Grits and
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Page 91 and 92: California. Mark Sterner is foreman
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Page 111 and 112: Box 1666), Santa Monica, California
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Page 117 and 118: • Summary: Peter J. Davies is now
Page 119 and 120: In 1958 General Mills relieved Gent
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• Summary: Peter J. Davies is pre
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previous year. Where the money come
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eflected in the food and nutrition
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pancake and waffle flour. He then t
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When Mark Sterner came in to MFM it
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306. Kuzins, Rebecca. 1984. Cliffor
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They may well have received MPF. In
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photo-copy of the label we discusse
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Unfortunately this effort was not s
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INTSOY was conceived by the governm
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Note: Harlan H. Hobgood is presiden
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“LEC: When did you first become i
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Details on how to use the bibliogra
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Address: 1644 DaVinci Court, P.O. B
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The president’s report (p. 3) beg
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Guidelines (thin, 1969-1978). Quake
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• Summary: Christopher Dunford, P
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cover is a brown and white photo of
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Education. It’s been nearly three
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“That same drawer in that same fi
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1994 total estimated population was
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There was scaffolding throughout th
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women in the program had skyrockete
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50% back at Davis. Of their time ov
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SUBJECT/GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX BY RECOR
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Middle Eastern country. Soybeans as
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CSY Agri-Processing, Inc. See Centr
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Fiber, Soy-Bran (Pulverized Soybean
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Isolated soy proteins. See Soy Prot
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Maize. See Corn / Maize Malnutritio
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Obituaries, Eulogies, Death Certifi
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Sesame Seed (Sesamum indicum) (Also
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Soybean Crushers (Europe). See Unil
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Tofu, Non-Soy Relatives (Such as Wi
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Wheat Gluten. 106 Whipping or foami
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