Poverty Dimensions of Public Governance and Forest Management ...

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Annex 3: 6 The Executive Committee of the Assembly coordinates the plans of the district and recommends these integrated plans to the assembly for ratification and adoption. The sub-committees identify the economic resources and potentials of the districts, develop an information base, identify opportunities and constraints and consult with other sub-committees about integrating plans before submitting them to the Executive Committee for integration with other plans. The sub-committees consist of Assembly members and members from the various departments within the district. The various departments are responsible for implementing the plans of the assembly and participating in developing district plans. Members of rural communities are represented at the assembly by their elected assembly person who is responsible for identifying their interests through public meetings and representing their interests at assembly meetings. The ability of rural producers to get their heartfelt issues taken up by the assembly will thus depend upon the ability of the assembly member to understand their perspectives and to represent these positions at assembly meetings. It also depends upon the ability of sub-committees to have sufficient information on these issues and an understanding of these issues. Since some of the most informed members of the sub-committees will be the directors of departments and the development officers within departments, the ability of departments to understand, analyse and represent the interests of producers will also be of prime importance. But the sub-committees should also be able to set new agendas for departments which reflect the interests of the constituents. The Assembly Member represents the interests of electoral areas at the district level. The operational level of local government administration is represented by Unit Committees and Area Councils. The Unit Committees consist of 15 members of whom two-thirds are elected. The Unit Committees are responsible for implementing local development administration. Their main function is to organise community labour, educate the community on district bye-laws and government decrees, raise local revenues, monitor self-help projects, maintaining the environment, and keeping a registry of births and deaths. Several Unit Committees come together to form an Area Council. The Area Councils are responsible for managing local development, initiating development projects and plans, collecting local revenues, and establishing local level subcommittees. They are supposed to be the lowest level executive units with an established office
Annex 3: 7 and a functioning secretariat and committees. In practice many Area Councils are as yet not fully functioning. There are many tensions between the Unit Committees and the District Assemblies, particularly over the control and allocation of scarce revenues. Revenues have been a serious constraint in the operation of many district assemblies. Most districts have insufficient revenue to meet their development needs and to support a fully functioning process of development planning. A large number of District Assemblies have weak planning processes that lack transparency. Funds are frequently expended on constructing new offices for the district assembly, or houses for the DCE rather than expended on rural development (Crook and Manor, 1998; Ayee, 1996). This has prompted some commentators to dismiss decentralisation as a process promoting corruption. One notes, however, that lack of transparency in planning procedures is evident not only at the district level. The Regional Coordinating Units are responsible for coordinating the plans of various districts and integrating them with national development policies and allocating to the districts public funds and grants approved by central government. They are coordinating rather than decision-making bodies. Within the context of decentralised environmental management, the Environmental Protection Agency acts to coordinate environmental planning within the districts and integrate them with national environmental plans and international commitments. It is responsible for initiating environmental awareness campaigns, advising the district assembly on enacting environmental bye-laws, and helping to establish District and Area Council Environmental Committees. In addition to this, it is also responsible for the coordination of Anti-Bushfire Campaigns and works with the Fire Service to mobilise community level Fire Volunteer Squads. At the District Assembly environmental issues should theoretically be discussed at Assembly meetings, and issues identified by the deliberation of assembly members based on the experiences of their electorate would be taken up by the Environmental Committee. The Environmental Committees should recommend bye-laws which would be discussed by the assembly before they were ratified. Within the settlements, the Unit Committees and the Area Councils should theoretically implement bye-laws, collect revenues from the issue of licences and permits for
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Final Technical Report: NRSP Projec
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Acro
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ANNEXES ANNEX 1: A Brief History of
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Abbreviations and Acronyms AgGDP CF
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3 3. The ways in which multiple sta
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5 Underpinning the study is a conce
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7 4. Outputs This study is of a res
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9 Figure 4.1 The Brong Ahafo Region
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11 3. Recent disputes over charcoal
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13 ! The local interests which can
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15 The first purpose of this report
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17 ! Where densities are higher, th
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19 In recent years, new factors hav
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21 4.1.8 Main circuits for land acq
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23 With the increasing commodificat
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25 In many instances, the relations
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27 environment. The framework of na
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29 Table 4. 5 Distribution of crops
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31 4.1.13 Agricultural intensificat
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33 economy may also have unforeseen
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35 Table 4.7 Usage of inputs and me
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37 In the more northerly yam farmin
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39 4.1.17 Farmer adaptation and inn
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41 Systems perspectives have domina
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43 and youth migrate in search of a
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45 the northern transition zone whe
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47 As regards decentralised environ
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49 These three are not mutually exc
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51 4.2 Output 2: ‘Potential alter
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53 It requires District departments
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55 government will strengthen natio
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57 4.2.5 Entry Points for research
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59 6. This information should also
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61 The final output of this compone
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63 4.3 Output 3: ‘Increased aware
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65 4.3 Comparison between planned a
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67 The statistics used here were si
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69 5.1.2 Study sites " In the north
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71 Geography, University of Ghana,
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73 6. Environmental Assessment 6.1
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75 7. Contribution of Outputs As a
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77 The District administration is a
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CN00/057: ‘Poverty dimensions of
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81 Activities: Milestones: Budget:
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Annex 1: 1 Annex 1: A brief history
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Annex 1: 3 At both state farms the
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Annex 1: 5 and knowledge. Thus, ong
Page 95 and 96: Annex 1: 7 Regions, originally to t
Page 97 and 98: Annex 1: 9 • Rights of spouses. W
Page 99 and 100: Annex 1: 11 Table 1.3 Sources of me
Page 101 and 102: Annex 1: 13 reflected in the larger
Page 103 and 104: Figure 1.2 (continued) Annex 1: 15
Page 105 and 106: Annex 1: 17 User rights in land bec
Page 107 and 108: Annex 1: 19 1.2.4 Migrants’ Acces
Page 109 and 110: 1.4 Supplementary livelihoods Annex
Page 111 and 112: Annex 2: 1 Annex 2: Cropping system
Page 113 and 114: Annex 2: 3 Table 2.1 Distribution o
Page 115 and 116: Annex 2: 5 Table 2.2 Crops cultivat
Page 117 and 118: Annex 2: 7 Table 2.3 Percentage of
Page 119 and 120: Annex 2: 9 Given the abundance of l
Page 121 and 122: Annex 2: 11 Table 2.6 Fallow interv
Page 123 and 124: Annex 2: 13 Table 2.8 Usage of inpu
Page 125 and 126: Annex 2: 15 2.5 Case studies 2.5.1
Page 127 and 128: Annex 2: 17 around Ejura, for insta
Page 129 and 130: Annex 2: 19 Given recent dramatic c
Page 131 and 132: Annex 2: 21 This capacity for adapt
Page 133 and 134: Annex 2: 23 Table 2.11 Tree varieti
Page 135 and 136: Annex 2: 25 Within charcoal produci
Page 137 and 138: Annex 2: 27 cocoa, which was plante
Page 139 and 140: Annex 2: 29 interest to the researc
Page 141 and 142: Annex 3: 1 Annex 3: Managing the En
Page 143 and 144: Annex 3: 3 for local government bas
Page 145: Figure 3.1: Structure of the Distri
Page 149 and 150: Annex 3: 9 The Forestry Service has
Page 151 and 152: Annex 3: 11 council, their mandate
Page 153 and 154: Annex 3: 13 the needs of their cons
Page 155 and 156: Annex 3: 15 Given the poor linkages
Page 157 and 158: Annex 3: 17 transport the charcoal.
Page 159 and 160: Annex 3: 19 produced from live tree
Page 161 and 162: Annex 3: 21 does the extent of thei
Page 163 and 164: Annex 3: 23 1978, the PNDC formed P
Page 165 and 166: Annex 3: 25 ! Integrating sector pl
Page 167 and 168: Annex 3: 27 (13 districts) = 22 By
Page 169 and 170: Annex 3: 29 argue, the reforms are
Page 171 and 172: Appendix to Annex 3: 2 administrati
Page 173 and 174: Appendix to Annex 3: 4 The overall
Page 175 and 176: Appendix to Annex 3: 6 i. Problems
Page 177 and 178: Appendix to Annex 3: 8 c) Tradition
Page 179 and 180: Annex 4: 1 Annex 4: The Way Forward
Page 181 and 182: Annex 4: 3 4.1.1 Institutional mech
Page 183 and 184: Annex 4: 5 be submitted to the dist
Page 185 and 186: Annex 4: 7 and tractor ploughing, t
Page 187 and 188: Annex 4: 9 4.4 The Proposed Program
Page 189 and 190: Annex 4: 11 To cover the second of
Page 191 and 192: Annex 4: 13 Coursey, D.H. (1976) "T
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