Poverty Dimensions of Public Governance and Forest Management ...

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Annex 3: 16 Table 3.1 Revenues of the Wenchi District Assembly for 2000 Source of Revenue Amount (cedis) Farm produce 58,740,280.00 Market fees 57,708,270.00 Charcoal 36,974,800.00 Property Rate 27,395,077.00 Lorry Parks 14,986,900.00 Basic Rates 7,673,700.00 Self Employed Artisans 5,940,000.00 Stool Lands 5,400,000.00 Unvalued Property 4,422,520.00 Beer, Spirits & minerals 4,061,500.00 Plot Approval / Building Permits 3,571,000.00 Entertainment Fees 3,077,450.00 Traders 2,955,700.00 Stores, Sheds & stalls 2,504,400.00 Lumber Dealers 2,103,500.00 Restrained Animal fees 1,815,000.00 Sand & Stone contractors 1,636,000.00 Herbalist & physicians 1,429,000.00 Royalties 1,410,650.00 Undeveloped Property 1,193,500,00 Corn & Flour Mills 1,142,300.00 Slaughter of Animals 861,200.00 District weekly Lotto 857,500.00 Day care Centres 832,000.00 Contractors 821,000.00 Bush Meat 300,000.00 Source: Wenchi District Assembly The Sisala charcoal burners are socially differentiated. The wealthiest have access to lorries to transport charcoal to urban markets and also purchase charcoal from smaller producers. The poorest charcoal burners cannot afford to gain rights to trees or to purchase sacks in which to
Annex 3: 17 transport the charcoal. They either work on contract for larger charcoal producers or gain loans from traders which they pay back in charcoal. Before the mid-1990s, charcoal burners gained permits from the chief and were able to extract charcoal freely within the political domain of the chief, from the fallow lands of farmers. By the mid-1990s there were increasing conflicts between farmers, youth and migrant charcoal burners and many charcoal burners were expelled from communities by farmers who claimed they were destroying the environment. This was mainly in yam producing areas, where the main trees considered suitable for charcoal occur. The farmers allege that as a result of charcoal burning large numbers of trees are being cleared from their land, and this has an adverse effect on yam cultivation. They also allege that yam cultivation does not do well in the areas of land on which charcoal is burned. 3.3.2 Case studies of charcoal production With the development of a national environmental discourse responding to international concerns and pressures on district assemblies to develop environmental policies, farming communities and assembly members began to redirect the environmental discourse against Sisala charcoal burners, chasing them out of their communities. They were emboldened by bye-laws of district assemblies banning charcoal production. However, this has not necessarily led to diminished charcoal production. In many cases charcoal production has in fact expanded, with local youth replacing the migrant Sisala as the main charcoal burners. This is the case at Mansie, where charcoal burning is now the mainstay of youth, who originally studied the techniques of burning from Sisala charcoal burners and then chased them out of the settlement before taking over the industry. At Weila, the process of local take-over of charcoal burning has occurred over the last two years and can be documented. In the first stage the chief of Weila granted permission for migrant charcoal burners to operate in fallow lands in return for a fee. The youth in Weila began to study the charcoal-making process. In the second stage farmers began to complain of the damage done to fallow land by charcoal burners and local youth began to produce charcoal. In the third stage, following the attempts of the Kintampo district assembly to ban charcoal, farmers and youth began to demand that charcoal production should be regulated. The chief was pressurised into creating
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Final Technical Report: NRSP Projec
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Acro
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ANNEXES ANNEX 1: A Brief History of
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Abbreviations and Acronyms AgGDP CF
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3 3. The ways in which multiple sta
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5 Underpinning the study is a conce
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7 4. Outputs This study is of a res
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9 Figure 4.1 The Brong Ahafo Region
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11 3. Recent disputes over charcoal
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13 ! The local interests which can
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15 The first purpose of this report
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17 ! Where densities are higher, th
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19 In recent years, new factors hav
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21 4.1.8 Main circuits for land acq
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23 With the increasing commodificat
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25 In many instances, the relations
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27 environment. The framework of na
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29 Table 4. 5 Distribution of crops
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31 4.1.13 Agricultural intensificat
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33 economy may also have unforeseen
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35 Table 4.7 Usage of inputs and me
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37 In the more northerly yam farmin
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39 4.1.17 Farmer adaptation and inn
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41 Systems perspectives have domina
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43 and youth migrate in search of a
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45 the northern transition zone whe
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47 As regards decentralised environ
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49 These three are not mutually exc
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51 4.2 Output 2: ‘Potential alter
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53 It requires District departments
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55 government will strengthen natio
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57 4.2.5 Entry Points for research
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59 6. This information should also
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61 The final output of this compone
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63 4.3 Output 3: ‘Increased aware
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65 4.3 Comparison between planned a
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67 The statistics used here were si
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69 5.1.2 Study sites " In the north
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71 Geography, University of Ghana,
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73 6. Environmental Assessment 6.1
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75 7. Contribution of Outputs As a
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77 The District administration is a
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CN00/057: ‘Poverty dimensions of
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81 Activities: Milestones: Budget:
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Annex 1: 1 Annex 1: A brief history
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Annex 1: 3 At both state farms the
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Annex 1: 5 and knowledge. Thus, ong
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Annex 1: 7 Regions, originally to t
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Annex 1: 9 • Rights of spouses. W
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Annex 1: 11 Table 1.3 Sources of me
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Annex 1: 13 reflected in the larger
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Figure 1.2 (continued) Annex 1: 15
Page 105 and 106: Annex 1: 17 User rights in land bec
Page 107 and 108: Annex 1: 19 1.2.4 Migrants’ Acces
Page 109 and 110: 1.4 Supplementary livelihoods Annex
Page 111 and 112: Annex 2: 1 Annex 2: Cropping system
Page 113 and 114: Annex 2: 3 Table 2.1 Distribution o
Page 115 and 116: Annex 2: 5 Table 2.2 Crops cultivat
Page 117 and 118: Annex 2: 7 Table 2.3 Percentage of
Page 119 and 120: Annex 2: 9 Given the abundance of l
Page 121 and 122: Annex 2: 11 Table 2.6 Fallow interv
Page 123 and 124: Annex 2: 13 Table 2.8 Usage of inpu
Page 125 and 126: Annex 2: 15 2.5 Case studies 2.5.1
Page 127 and 128: Annex 2: 17 around Ejura, for insta
Page 129 and 130: Annex 2: 19 Given recent dramatic c
Page 131 and 132: Annex 2: 21 This capacity for adapt
Page 133 and 134: Annex 2: 23 Table 2.11 Tree varieti
Page 135 and 136: Annex 2: 25 Within charcoal produci
Page 137 and 138: Annex 2: 27 cocoa, which was plante
Page 139 and 140: Annex 2: 29 interest to the researc
Page 141 and 142: Annex 3: 1 Annex 3: Managing the En
Page 143 and 144: Annex 3: 3 for local government bas
Page 145 and 146: Figure 3.1: Structure of the Distri
Page 147 and 148: Annex 3: 7 and a functioning secret
Page 149 and 150: Annex 3: 9 The Forestry Service has
Page 151 and 152: Annex 3: 11 council, their mandate
Page 153 and 154: Annex 3: 13 the needs of their cons
Page 155: Annex 3: 15 Given the poor linkages
Page 159 and 160: Annex 3: 19 produced from live tree
Page 161 and 162: Annex 3: 21 does the extent of thei
Page 163 and 164: Annex 3: 23 1978, the PNDC formed P
Page 165 and 166: Annex 3: 25 ! Integrating sector pl
Page 167 and 168: Annex 3: 27 (13 districts) = 22 By
Page 169 and 170: Annex 3: 29 argue, the reforms are
Page 171 and 172: Appendix to Annex 3: 2 administrati
Page 173 and 174: Appendix to Annex 3: 4 The overall
Page 175 and 176: Appendix to Annex 3: 6 i. Problems
Page 177 and 178: Appendix to Annex 3: 8 c) Tradition
Page 179 and 180: Annex 4: 1 Annex 4: The Way Forward
Page 181 and 182: Annex 4: 3 4.1.1 Institutional mech
Page 183 and 184: Annex 4: 5 be submitted to the dist
Page 185 and 186: Annex 4: 7 and tractor ploughing, t
Page 187 and 188: Annex 4: 9 4.4 The Proposed Program
Page 189 and 190: Annex 4: 11 To cover the second of
Page 191 and 192: Annex 4: 13 Coursey, D.H. (1976) "T
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