View - ResearchGate

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Effects of Land Management Practices on Plant Invasions in Wildland Areas 159 Removal of Undesirable Species Management Treatments Revegetation of Desirable Species Primary Effects Plant Populations & Communities Non-Target Undesirable Species Target Undesirable Species Target Desirable Species Non-Target Desirable Species Higher-Order Effects Animal Populations & Communities General Species Higher-Order Effects Ecosystem Structure & Function Soil Condition Water Balance Listed & Sensitive Species Fuels & Fire Regime Fig. 9.5 Conceptual model linking vegetation management treatments with primary and higher-order effects difficulties may be encountered when vegetation management is prescribed to benefit other ecosystem properties, or populations of listed and sensitive wildlife species. 9.5 Conclusions The processes that affect plant invasions can vary widely, so much so that unifying principles have been difficult to identify. The guidelines presented in this chapter focus on two factors, resource availability and propagule pressure, which can be used to provide a coarse-scale assessment of the invasion
160 M.L. Brooks potential associated with any type of land management practice. More precise guidelines can likely be developed to evaluate specific management practices tailored for particular ecosystems, but it may be useful to use the framework presented in this chapter as a foundation to start from. The issue of spatial scale associated with management treatments and invasion potential was only briefly discussed in this chapter, largely because most research has focused on the direct local and indirect local effects of land management practices (Fig. 9.3). The mechanisms and dynamics of dispersed landscape effects that result from multiple local impacts need to be better studied. Although specific management objectives may be focused on the invasion potential of specific places in the landscape, overarching management goals typically address the invasion potential of broad landscapes (e.g., nature reserves). Scientists should always strive to match the spatial scale of their studies with that of the information need they are addressing. Some management actions are clearly more feasible than others, due to financial costs or other constraints. The framework presented in this chapter can help land managers identify the specific points at which plant invasions may most effectively be managed. Final decisions regarding where and when to apply specific actions will ultimately require another level of scrutiny that involves social, economic, logistical, and other factors that are beyond the scope of this chapter. However, this decision-making process should begin with biological concepts such as those presented here. References Allen EB, Leela ER, Steers RJ, Bytnerowicz A, Fenn ME (2007) Impacts of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on Mojave Desert vegetation and soils. In: Webb RH, Fenstermaker LF, Heaton JS, Hughson DL, McDonald EV, Miller DM (eds) The Mojave Desert: ecosystem processes and sustainability. University of Arizona Press, Tucson (in press) Angold PG (1997) The impact of roads on adjacent heathland vegetation: effects on plant species composition. J Appl Ecol 34:409–417 Brooks ML (2000) Competition between alien annual grasses and native annual plants in the Mojave Desert. Am Midl Nat 144:92–108 Brooks ML (2003) Effects of increased soil nitrogen on the dominance of alien annual plants in the Mojave Desert. J Appl Ecol 40:344–353 Brooks ML (2007) Spatial and temporal distribution of nonnative plants in the Mojave Desert. In: Webb RH, Fenstermaker LF, Heaton JS, Hughson DL, McDonald EV, Miller DM (eds) The Mojave Desert: ecosystem processes and sustainability. University of Arizona Press, Tucson (in press) Brooks ML, Lair B (2007) Ecological effects of vehicular routes in a desert ecosystem. In: Webb RH, Fenstermaker LF, Heaton JS, Hughson DL, McDonald EV, Miller DM (eds) The Mojave Desert: ecosystem processes and sustainability. University of Arizona Press, Tucson (in press)
Page 1 and 2:
Ecological Studies,Vol. 193 Analysi
Page 3 and 4:
W. Nentwig (Ed.) Biological Invasio
Page 5 and 6:
Preface Yet another book on “Biol
Page 7 and 8:
Contents 1 Biological Invasions: wh
Page 9 and 10:
Contents 5 Waterways as Invasion Hi
Page 11 and 12:
Contents Section III Patterns of In
Page 13 and 14:
Contents Section IV Ecological Impa
Page 15 and 16:
Contents 16.5.1 Genetic Differentia
Page 17 and 18:
Contents XVII 19.4.5 Scenario Devel
Page 19 and 20:
Contents XIX 23 Pros and Cons of Bi
Page 21 and 22:
XXII Contributors Buschmann, Holger
Page 23 and 24:
XXIV Contributors Nentwig, Wolfgang
Page 25 and 26:
1 Biological Invasions: why it Matt
Page 27 and 28:
Biological Invasions: why it Matter
Page 29 and 30:
Biological Invasions: why it Matter
Page 31 and 32:
Section I Pathways of Biological In
Page 33 and 34:
2 Pathways in Animal Invasions Wolf
Page 35 and 36:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 13 Ser
Page 37 and 38:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 15 and
Page 39 and 40:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 17 hou
Page 41 and 42:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 19 (Eq
Page 43 and 44:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 21 wat
Page 45 and 46:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 23 2.3
Page 47 and 48:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 25 adv
Page 49 and 50:
Pathways in Animal Invasions 27 Lon
Page 51 and 52:
30 I. Kowarik and M. von der Lippe
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
40 3.4.2.1 Adhesion to Vehicles I.
Page 63 and 64:
42 3.4.3 Role of Living Conveyers I
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
4 Is Ballast Water a Major Dispersa
Page 71 and 72:
Is Bllast Water a Major Dispersal M
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
60 B.S. Galil, S. Nehring, and V. P
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Short Introduction Wolfgang Nentwig
Page 97 and 98:
80 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin s
Page 99 and 100:
82 6.2 Hypotheses to Explain Biolog
Page 101 and 102:
84 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin e
Page 103 and 104:
86 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin l
Page 105 and 106:
88 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin (
Page 107 and 108:
90 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin i
Page 109 and 110:
92 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin h
Page 111 and 112:
94 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin B
Page 113 and 114:
96 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin T
Page 115 and 116:
98 P. Pysšek and D.M. Richardson a
Page 117 and 118:
100 P. Pysšek and D.M. Richardson
Page 119 and 120:
102 P. Pysšek and D.M. Richardson
Page 121 and 122: 104 P. Pysšek and D.M. Richardson
Page 131 and 132: 114 7.3.1 Assumptions for Congeneri
Page 139 and 140: 122 References P. Pysšek and D.M.
Page 143 and 144: 8 Do Successful Invaders Exist? Pre
Page 145 and 146: Do Successful Invaders Exist? 129 F
Page 147 and 148: Do Successful Invaders Exist? 131 l
Page 149 and 150: Do Successful Invaders Exist? 133 T
Page 151 and 152: Do Successful Invaders Exist? 135 a
Page 153 and 154: Do Successful Invaders Exist? 137 b
Page 155 and 156: Do Successful Invaders Exist? 139 m
Page 157 and 158: Do Successful Invaders Exist? 141 R
Page 159 and 160: Short Introduction Wolfgang Nentwig
Page 161 and 162: 148 M.L. Brooks ment practices desi
Page 163 and 164: 150 M.L. Brooks direct additions to
Page 165 and 166: 152 M.L. Brooks lerberg 1998, 2002;
Page 167 and 168: 154 M.L. Brooks native plants, as d
Page 169 and 170: 156 M.L. Brooks methods used to rem
Page 171: 158 9.4.2 Effects of Vegetation Man
Page 175 and 176: 162 M.L. Brooks Schmidt W (1989) Pl
Page 177 and 178: 164 M. Scherer-Lorenzen, H. Olde Ve
Page 195 and 196: 182 I. Kühn and S. Klotz who provi
Page 197 and 198: 184 11.3 Case Studies on Ecosystem
Page 199 and 200: 186 I. Kühn and S. Klotz fore, und
Page 201 and 202: 188 I. Kühn and S. Klotz home soil
Page 203 and 204: 190 I. Kühn and S. Klotz evolution
Page 205 and 206: 192 I. Kühn and S. Klotz Similarly
Page 207 and 208: 194 I. Kühn and S. Klotz To increa
Page 209 and 210: 196 I. Kühn and S. Klotz Mack MC,
Page 211 and 212: 198 W. Thuiller, D.M. Richardson, a
Page 223 and 224:
210 W. Thuiller, D.M. Richardson, a
Page 225 and 226:
Section IV Ecological Impact of Bio
Page 227 and 228:
216 Section IV · Short Introductio
Page 229 and 230:
218 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes proce
Page 231 and 232:
220 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes can i
Page 233 and 234:
222 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes Table
Page 235 and 236:
224 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes tem p
Page 237 and 238:
226 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes speci
Page 239 and 240:
228 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes Table
Page 241 and 242:
230 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes these
Page 243 and 244:
232 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes (Micr
Page 245 and 246:
234 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes ogist
Page 247 and 248:
236 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes Geesi
Page 249 and 250:
14 Biological Invasions by Marine J
Page 251 and 252:
Biological Invasions by Marine Jell
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
258 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin al. 20
Page 269 and 270:
260 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin (Grand
Page 271 and 272:
262 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin and C.
Page 273 and 274:
264 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin others
Page 275 and 276:
266 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin presen
Page 277 and 278:
268 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin Straye
Page 279 and 280:
270 References B. Baur and S. Schmi
Page 281 and 282:
272 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin Riccia
Page 283 and 284:
16 Hybridization and Introgression
Page 285 and 286:
Hybridization and Introgression Bet
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
17 Genetically Modified Organisms a
Page 303 and 304:
Genetically Modified Organisms as I
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Section V Economy and Socio-Economy
Page 321 and 322:
18 Plant, Animal, and Microbe Invas
Page 323 and 324:
Plant,Animal, and Microbe Invasive
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
19 Socio-Economic Impact and Assess
Page 339 and 340:
Socio-Economic Impact and Assessmen
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Short Introduction Wolfgang Nentwig
Page 357 and 358:
354 J. Touza, K. Dehnen-Schmutz, an
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
Page 371 and 372:
368 G. J. Hallman thought to be due
Page 373 and 374:
370 G. J. Hallman (WTO), and, there
Page 375 and 376:
372 G. J. Hallman literature to des
Page 377 and 378:
374 21.3.2 Phytosanitary Treatments
Page 379 and 380:
376 G. J. Hallman foliage, even tho
Page 381 and 382:
378 G. J. Hallman initiated, and th
Page 383 and 384:
380 G. J. Hallman Fig. 21.1 Boxes o
Page 385 and 386:
382 G. J. Hallman tosanitary treatm
Page 387 and 388:
384 G. J. Hallman Jones WW, Holzman
Page 389 and 390:
386 P. Genovesi invasive alien spec
Page 391 and 392:
388 100000 Area of islands successf
Page 393 and 394:
390 P. Genovesi ing all the removal
Page 395 and 396:
392 P. Genovesi efficacy of removal
Page 397 and 398:
394 P. Genovesi 11 years (Panzacchi
Page 399 and 400:
396 22.2.6 Human Dimensions P. Geno
Page 401 and 402:
398 P. Genovesi delayed by lengthy
Page 403 and 404:
400 P. Genovesi Acknowledgements. F
Page 405 and 406:
402 P. Genovesi Panzacchi M, Bertol
Page 407 and 408:
404 23.2 Pros of Biological Control
Page 409 and 410:
406 D. Babendreier pods, agents rel
Page 411 and 412:
408 D. Babendreier strated that par
Page 413 and 414:
410 D. Babendreier In addition to t
Page 415 and 416:
412 D. Babendreier As another facto
Page 417 and 418:
414 D. Babendreier has attracted co
Page 419 and 420:
416 D. Babendreier conducting caref
Page 421 and 422:
418 D. Babendreier Michaud JP (2002
Page 423 and 424:
420 W. Nentwig widely accepted that
Page 425 and 426:
422 to minimize the spread of alien
Page 427 and 428:
Subject Index A Abies grandis 334 a
Page 429 and 430:
Subject Index 427 bird 5, 22, 130-1
Page 431 and 432:
Subject Index 429 cost-benefit 339,
Page 433 and 434:
Subject Index 431 fallow deer 19 fa
Page 435 and 436:
Subject Index 433 inbreeding depres
Page 437 and 438:
Subject Index 435 Murdannia 118 Mus
Page 439 and 440:
Subject Index 437 potato 361 poultr
Page 441 and 442:
Subject Index 439 Sirex noctillo 33
Page 443:
Subject Index 441 - table 92, 225,
show all

View - ResearchGate

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?