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Contents<br />

1 Biological Invasions: why it Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1<br />

Wolfgang Nentwig<br />

Section I Pathways of Biological Invasions<br />

Short Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9<br />

Wolfgang Nentwig<br />

2 Pathways in Animal Invasions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11<br />

Wolfgang Nentwig<br />

2.1 Natural Dispersal Versus more Recent Invasions . . . . . . . 11<br />

2.2 Unintentional Introductions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12<br />

2.2.1 Transports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12<br />

2.2.1.1 Tramps in Vehicles and Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12<br />

2.2.1.2 Waterways and Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15<br />

2.2.1.3 Transported Plant Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16<br />

2.2.2 Escapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17<br />

2.3 Intentional Introductions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18<br />

2.3.1 Human Nutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18<br />

2.3.1.1 Global Distribution of Domesticated Animals . . . . . . . . 18<br />

2.3.1.2 Release of Mammals and Birds for Hunting . . . . . . . . . 19<br />

2.3.1.3 Release of Fish and Other Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20<br />

2.3.2 Beneficials or Biological Control Agents . . . . . . . . . . . 22<br />

2.3.2.1 Vertebrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22<br />

2.3.2.2 Invertebrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />

2.3.3 Ornamental Animals and Pets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23<br />

2.4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25<br />

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

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