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Section VI Prevention and Management of Biological Invasions
Short Introduction Wolfgang Nentwig We have plenty of possibilities to manage and control, or prevent and avoid, or sometimes even to undo or reverse a biological invasion. The first approach in such a project is usually a discussion on the nature of the means which should be used. Economists conclude that biological invasions are simply the result of basic economic principles, and they predict that redefining the rules of the game will prevent further alien species from spreading or, at least, identify someone who would pay for any damages (Chap. 20). Scientists involved in the often frustrating, everyday business of food quarantine and transportation stowaways have their own ideas about more intensive inspections (Chap. 21). The new ghost of globalization with unlimited trade around the globe could stigmatise protective measures as trade impediment. Is this the end of control possibilities? In principle, conservation biologists are able to eradicate an invasive alien species once it has been established. There are, however, narrow limits to such techniques, making a successful eradication dependent on very specific circumstances (Chap. 22). In addition, biological control, once considered as a unique tool to eradicate alien species, initially dispersed even more aliens and caused more problems than it solved. Today, the situation has completely changed and modern biocontrol is a valuable tool (Chap. 23). Still, is it realistic to assume that at least one biological control agent would be available against each invasive alien species? Would the precautionary principle not be a more appropriate reaction to the global threat of biological invasions? This would mean, of course, that stricter steps are urgently needed to manage the increasing hazard stemming from biological invasions. Public information and awareness are critical in this respect, and we certainly need specific education programs for the general public. The precautionary principle also includes a full spectrum of measures, from economically based tools to all control and eradication means suitable. It is easy to set up such long to-do lists but more difficult, and probably also frustrating, to work for their implementation. This, however, is exactly what is needed now (Chap. 24).
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Ecological Studies,Vol. 193 Analysi
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W. Nentwig (Ed.) Biological Invasio
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Preface Yet another book on “Biol
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Contents 1 Biological Invasions: wh
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Contents 5 Waterways as Invasion Hi
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Contents Section III Patterns of In
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Contents Section IV Ecological Impa
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Contents 16.5.1 Genetic Differentia
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Contents XVII 19.4.5 Scenario Devel
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Contents XIX 23 Pros and Cons of Bi
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XXII Contributors Buschmann, Holger
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XXIV Contributors Nentwig, Wolfgang
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1 Biological Invasions: why it Matt
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Biological Invasions: why it Matter
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Biological Invasions: why it Matter
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Section I Pathways of Biological In
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2 Pathways in Animal Invasions Wolf
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 13 Ser
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 15 and
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 17 hou
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 19 (Eq
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 21 wat
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 23 2.3
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 25 adv
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Pathways in Animal Invasions 27 Lon
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30 I. Kowarik and M. von der Lippe
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40 3.4.2.1 Adhesion to Vehicles I.
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42 3.4.3 Role of Living Conveyers I
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4 Is Ballast Water a Major Dispersa
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Is Bllast Water a Major Dispersal M
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60 B.S. Galil, S. Nehring, and V. P
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Short Introduction Wolfgang Nentwig
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80 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin s
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82 6.2 Hypotheses to Explain Biolog
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84 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin e
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86 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin l
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88 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin (
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94 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin B
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96 R.A. Hufbauer and M.E. Torchin T
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98 P. Pysšek and D.M. Richardson a
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100 P. Pysšek and D.M. Richardson
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114 7.3.1 Assumptions for Congeneri
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122 References P. Pysšek and D.M.
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8 Do Successful Invaders Exist? Pre
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Do Successful Invaders Exist? 129 F
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Do Successful Invaders Exist? 131 l
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Do Successful Invaders Exist? 133 T
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Do Successful Invaders Exist? 135 a
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Do Successful Invaders Exist? 137 b
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Do Successful Invaders Exist? 139 m
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Do Successful Invaders Exist? 141 R
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Short Introduction Wolfgang Nentwig
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148 M.L. Brooks ment practices desi
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150 M.L. Brooks direct additions to
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152 M.L. Brooks lerberg 1998, 2002;
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154 M.L. Brooks native plants, as d
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156 M.L. Brooks methods used to rem
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158 9.4.2 Effects of Vegetation Man
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160 M.L. Brooks potential associate
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162 M.L. Brooks Schmidt W (1989) Pl
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164 M. Scherer-Lorenzen, H. Olde Ve
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182 I. Kühn and S. Klotz who provi
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184 11.3 Case Studies on Ecosystem
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186 I. Kühn and S. Klotz fore, und
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188 I. Kühn and S. Klotz home soil
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190 I. Kühn and S. Klotz evolution
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192 I. Kühn and S. Klotz Similarly
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194 I. Kühn and S. Klotz To increa
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196 I. Kühn and S. Klotz Mack MC,
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198 W. Thuiller, D.M. Richardson, a
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Section IV Ecological Impact of Bio
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216 Section IV · Short Introductio
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218 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes proce
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220 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes can i
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222 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes Table
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224 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes tem p
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226 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes speci
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228 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes Table
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230 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes these
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232 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes (Micr
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234 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes ogist
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236 H. Charles and J.S. Dukes Geesi
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14 Biological Invasions by Marine J
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Biological Invasions by Marine Jell
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258 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin al. 20
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260 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin (Grand
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262 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin and C.
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264 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin others
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266 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin presen
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268 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin Straye
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270 References B. Baur and S. Schmi
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272 B. Baur and S. Schmidlin Riccia
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16 Hybridization and Introgression
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17 Genetically Modified Organisms a
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Page 403 and 404: 400 P. Genovesi Acknowledgements. F
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402 P. Genovesi Panzacchi M, Bertol
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404 23.2 Pros of Biological Control
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406 D. Babendreier pods, agents rel
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408 D. Babendreier strated that par
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410 D. Babendreier In addition to t
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412 D. Babendreier As another facto
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414 D. Babendreier has attracted co
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416 D. Babendreier conducting caref
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418 D. Babendreier Michaud JP (2002
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420 W. Nentwig widely accepted that
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422 to minimize the spread of alien
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Subject Index A Abies grandis 334 a
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Subject Index 427 bird 5, 22, 130-1
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Subject Index 429 cost-benefit 339,
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Subject Index 431 fallow deer 19 fa
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Subject Index 433 inbreeding depres
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Subject Index 435 Murdannia 118 Mus
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Subject Index 439 Sirex noctillo 33
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Subject Index 441 - table 92, 225,
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