TO 1-1-700 - Robins Air Force Base

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TO 1-1-700 • When high strength steels (typically 180 KSI and above), some high strength aluminum, and some stainless steels are exposed to acid paint removers, plating solutions, other acidic materials (cleaners, etc.), and even some alkaline materials, a cathodic reaction on the metal surface produces hydrogen. The hydrogen diffuses into the bulk metal, accumulating at grain boundaries and weakens the structure. • If the part is under load or contains residual manufacturing stresses, sudden catastrophic failure known as hydrogen embrittlement occurs when the part can no longer sustain the internal and/or applied stresses. • Hydrogen embrittlement has been known to occur in parts stressed to only 15% of the nominal tensile strength of the metal. 5.4.1 Alkaline Cleaners. Many alkaline cleaners are not authorized for cleaning of Air Force equipment because they are incompatible with the polyimide insulation on the electrical wiring used on a great deal of military equipment. Cleaning compounds conforming to MIL-PRF-87937 and MIL- PRF-85570 and that are listed on the QPL for each specification have been tested and proven compatible with polyimide insulation. 5.4.2 MIL-PRF-87937. Types I and IV and MIL-PRF- 85570, Types I and II. Types I and IV of MIL-PRF-87937 and Types I and II of MIL-PRF-85570 all contain detergents and foaming agents and work the same way as any detergent solution. Type I cleaners of both specifications contain solvents and are more effective for removal of heavy oils and greases such as wire rope lubricant, but they cannot be used in poorly ventilated areas due to their solvent content. 5.4.3 MIL-PRF-87937. Type IV and MIL-PRF-85570, Type II. Types IV of MIL-PRF-87937 and Type II of MIL- PRF-85570 are all good general cleaners for removal of dirt, grime, light oils, and hydraulic fluid; and they contain no solvents. 5.5 SOLVENTS. Cleaning solvents dissolve oily and greasy soils so that they can be easily wiped away or absorbed on a cloth. However, solvents differ significantly in their cleaning ability, toxicity, evaporation rate, effect on paint, and flammability. A-A- 59601, Type II, MIL-PRF-32295, Type II, and/or MIL-PRF- 680, Type II are the most common cleaning solvents used due to their low toxicity, minimal effect on paint, and relative safety. Other solvents such as alcohols, ketones, chlorinated solvents, and naphtha, are specialized materials restricted for use, as recommended in Table 3-2 of TO 1-1-691. NOTE • Solvent cleaning operations are becoming more and more limited due to environmental regulations. Determine local requirements regarding limitations on type and volume used and disposal from your work center supervisor, safety officer, and/or bioenvironmental engineer. • A-A-59601 Dry Cleaning and Degreasing Solvent PD680, MIL-PRF-32295, Type II and MIL-PRF- 680 Degreasing Solvent, replace the old P-D-680 Dry Cleaning and Degreasing Solvent. MIL-PRF- 680 has been reformulated to reduce hazardous air pollutants by reducing the aromatic content of the solvent, while A-A-59601 is identical to P-D-680. 5.6 ITEM CLEANING REQUIREMENTS. When preserving items for shipment or storage, clean and dry all items by any suitable process that does not harm the item before applying preservation techniques. Basic cleaning requirements are listed in MIL-STD-2073-1. In addition, consult TOs 1-1-689-series and 1-1-691 for further information on cleaning. NOTE Complex items will not be disassembled without prior authorization and/or technical instructions. 5.6.1 Cleaning Materials Knowledge. Cleaning requires knowledge of the materials and methods needed to remove corrosive contaminants and fluids that tend to retain contaminants. The selection of a cleaning process depends on the characteristics of the item, the nature of the contaminants, availability of cleaning materials and equipment, and the safety hazards involved. 5.7 CONTAINER CLEANING REQUIREMENTS. Not only must the item(s) be free from contaminants but the shipping or storage container much also be clean, dry and free from corrosion and damage producing contaminants. 5.7.1 Shipping Container Protection. Shipping containers require special attention due to their requirement to protect items packed or stored in them from the elements. If left open and in the elements, they may cause more damage to the parts than providing protection for items packed in them with the 5-2 Change 3
TO 1-1-700 extent of damage depending on the length of time the items or equipment is left in them. 5.7.2 Unprotected Shipping Containers. Shipping containers and equipment not protected from or used in the elements (e.g., rain, dust, snow, etc.) require cleaning and drying more frequently to prevent corrosion. 5.7.3 The Effects of Moisture on Equipment Cases (Containers). Thousands of dollars have been spent to repair or replace equipment due to improper care, use, maintenance and storage of containers used to protect equipment from things such as rain, heat, cold, etc. d. Ensure that the container is dry and free from moisture before repacking the equipment or item in it. e. Wipe the equipment and container dry before placing equipment in the container. f. Ensure the equipment and the container is dry and free from contaminants before placing it in storage. Taking these steps along with using common knowledge will not only help reduce corrosion but will also save money by limiting the number of man hours used for repair and equipment replacement cost. 5.7.3.1 The most common type of container consists of an outer case of composite or metal material with foam cushioning material formed to fit the item which is placed in the container. 5.7.3.2 Since cushioning material absorbs and holds moisture very well it can cause damage to the equipment in the form of corrosion and mold. 5.7.3.3 If a container is left open after unpacking, there is a very good chance for collecting moisture from humidity, rain and water intrusion. If the moisture isn't removed from the container before the equipment is returned, the moisture will, over time, cause the item to corrode or rust. 5.7.3.4 It has been documented that equipment such as tripods have arrived at depot with more then an inch of water in their cases. This caused the tripods to corrode and rust to the point that minor maintenance such as lubrication which was to have been preformed at the depot was insufficient. Major maintenance, such as disassembly, repair and many times complete replacements was required (see Figure 5-1, Figure 5- 2, and Figure 5-3). Not only was the equipment damaged, but the container required drainage and drying, and sometimes, complete replacement adding man hours and/or equipment replacement cost to the depot support task. Figure 5-1. Tripod Storage Case 5.7.3.5 Proper care should be taken with any container to help reduce the effect of corrosion damage to equipment. The procedures below will help in that effort: a. Open containers within an area or under condition where moisture is at a minimum. b. Once the item is removed, close the container as soon as possible. c. Store the container out of the elements and in a dry climate controlled area. Figure 5-2. Corroded Tripod Part 5-3
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TO 1-1-700 TECHNICAL MANUAL CORROSI
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TO 1-1-700 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapte
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TO 1-1-700 TABLE OF CONTENTS - CONT
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TO 1-1-700 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS -
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TO 1-1-700 FOREWORD 1. PURPOSE. The
Page 17 and 18: TO 1-1-700 List of Related Publicat
Page 19 and 20: TO 1-1-700 SAFETY SUMMARY 1. GENERA
Page 21 and 22: TO 1-1-700 AMS-G-6032, GREASE, PLUG
Page 23 and 24: TO 1-1-700 MIL-DTL-64159, COATING,
Page 25 and 26: TO 1-1-700 MIL-PRF-27617, GREASE, A
Page 27 and 28: TO 1-1-700 O-L-164, DRESSING, LEATH
Page 29: TO 1-1-700 MIL-T-81772, THINNER, PO
Page 32 and 33: TO 1-1-700 tronics equipment and th
Page 34 and 35: TO 1-1-700 cleaning situation, syst
Page 36 and 37: TO 1-1-700 c. Riveted joints shall
Page 38 and 39: TO 1-1-700 c. Remove and replace an
Page 40 and 41: TO 1-1-700 MIL-L-87177, LUBRICANT,
Page 42 and 43: TO 1-1-700 Figure 3-1. Simplified C
Page 44 and 45: TO 1-1-700 resistant, and also at t
Page 46 and 47: TO 1-1-700 is first noticeable as a
Page 48 and 49: TO 1-1-700 3.7.8 Oxygen Concentrati
Page 50 and 51: TO 1-1-700 Figure 3-14. Concentrati
Page 52 and 53: TO 1-1-700 Figure 3-17. Galvanic Se
Page 54 and 55: TO 1-1-700 Figure 3-20. Aluminum Su
Page 56 and 57: TO 1-1-700 3.8.7 CRES/Stainless Ste
Page 58 and 59: TO 1-1-700 3.9.10 Climate. Warm, mo
Page 60 and 61: TO 1-1-700 3.11 PREVENTATIVE MAINTE
Page 63 and 64: TO 1-1-700 CHAPTER 4 COMPOSITE AND
Page 65 and 66: TO 1-1-700 4.4.4.4 Glass parts shal
Page 67: TO 1-1-700 CHAPTER 5 PACKAGING (STO
Page 71 and 72: TO 1-1-700 5.15 PRECAUTIONS FOR VCI
Page 73 and 74: TO 1-1-700 c. Secure the desiccant
Page 75 and 76: TO 1-1-700 Figure 5-8. Shock Isolat
Page 77 and 78: TO 1-1-700 Figure 5-9. Examples of
Page 79 and 80: TO 1-1-700 5.24.10 Rigid or Flexibl
Page 81 and 82: TO 1-1-700 CHAPTER 6 MOISTURE AND F
Page 83 and 84: TO 1-1-700 c. 6.2.6 Felt. Examine f
Page 85 and 86: TO 1-1-700 a. After first directing
Page 87: TO 1-1-700 6.4.5.14 Terminals, scre
Page 90 and 91: TO 1-1-700 NOTE • Authorized clea
Page 92 and 93: TO 1-1-700 Table 7-1. Cleaning of S
Page 102 and 103: TO 1-1-700 7.3.1.2.3 Portable, 45 g
Page 104 and 105: TO 1-1-700 Table 7-2. Common Milita
Page 106 and 107: TO 1-1-700 inactivity, storage, or
Page 108 and 109: TO 1-1-700 7.5.6.5.1 Grade 1 - A th
Page 110 and 111: TO 1-1-700 Table 7-4. Corrosion Pre
Page 112 and 113: TO 1-1-700 Table 7-5. Preservation
Page 114 and 115: TO 1-1-700 either case, MIL-PRF-269
Page 116 and 117: TO 1-1-700 MIL-PRF-85285, COATING,
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TO 1-1-700 c. Cadmium plated surfac
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TO 1-1-700 a. Scuff sand and feathe
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TO 1-1-700 7.7.7.2 If surface is no
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TO 1-1-700 7.7.9.2 Where only parti
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TO 1-1-700 7.8.1 Type I Application
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TO 1-1-700 Extend (Loctite) 32150 J
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TO 1-1-700 There are three ways to
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TO 1-1-700 vulnerable surfaces clea
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TO 1-1-700 Table 8-2. Materials, Th
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TO 1-1-700 Table 8-4. Electronic Cl
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TO 1-1-700 Table 8-5. Accessories o
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TO 1-1-700 Table 8-5. Accessories o
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TO 1-1-700 f. Devices with permanen
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TO 1-1-700 Table 8-7. Cleaning and
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TO 1-1-700 MIL-PRF-87937, CLEANING
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TO 1-1-700 of contamination). Maint
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TO 1-1-700 8.8.2 Protective Coating
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TO 1-1-700 • Tube clamps. • Min
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TO 1-1-700 a. For bonding/grounding
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TO 1-1-700 vertently destroy the mo
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TO 1-1-700 doors, and other corrosi
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TO 1-1-700 CHAPTER 10 CORROSION PRO
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TO 1-1-700 MIL-PRF-81733, SEALING A
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TO 1-1-700 d. After corrosion is re
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TO 1-1-700 (3) Stainless/CRES steel
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TO 1-1-700 10.9 WATER ENTRAPMENT AR
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TO 1-1-700 f. Shield equipment from
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TO 1-1-700 b. Use e-inch rivnuts of
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TO 1-1-700 10.17.3 If the plating s
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TO 1-1-700 Figure 10-16. Dissipatio
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TO 1-1-700 (2) If allowable damage
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TO 1-1-700 Table 11-1. Recommended
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TO 1-1-700 11.6 3M CO. SCOTCH-BRITE
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TO 1-1-700 11.11.2 Control of Mecha
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TO 1-1-700 11.12.2 Mechanical Damag
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TO 1-1-700 MIL-DTL-81706 (ALODINE),
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TO 1-1-700 11.13.2.3 Application of
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TO 1-1-700 only when there is no da
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TO 1-1-700 NOTE SEMCO PASA-JELL 101
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TO 1-1-700 (CRES), lead, ceramic, g
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TO 1-1-700 11.13.7.2 Treatment of C
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TO 1-1-700 MIL-A-46106, ADHESIVE/SE
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TO 1-1-700 Table 12-1. Sealing Comp
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TO 1-1-700 used to apply sealants i
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TO 1-1-700 Figure 12-2. Sealant App
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TO 1-1-700 Figure 12-4. Rivet Appli
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TO 1-1-700 Figure 12-6. Sealant Inj
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TO 1-1-700 below and adhere very po
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TO 1-1-700 Table 12-2. Time Require
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TO 1-1-700 Table 12-2. Time Require
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TO 1-1-700 of 20 to 25 seconds in a
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TO 1-1-700 d. Remove all uncured se
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TO 1-1-700 Figure 12-12. Typical Me
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TO 1-1-700 may be used for low temp
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TO 1-1-700 Figure 12-14. Sealing Pr
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TO 1-1-700 - Robins Air Force Base

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