23.07.2014 Views

WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care - Safe Care ...

WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care - Safe Care ...

WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care - Safe Care ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

REFERENCES<br />

615. Voss A, Widmer AF. No time for handwash<strong>in</strong>g!?<br />

<strong>Hand</strong>wash<strong>in</strong>g versus alcoholic rub: can we afford 100%<br />

compliance? Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol and Hospital Epidemiology,<br />

1997, 18:205–208.<br />

616. Brick T et al. Water c<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong> urban south India:<br />

household storage practices and their implicati<strong>on</strong>s for<br />

water safety and enteric <strong>in</strong>fecti<strong>on</strong>s. Internati<strong>on</strong>al Journal of<br />

<strong>Hygiene</strong> and Envir<strong>on</strong>mental <strong>Health</strong>, 2004, 207:473–480.<br />

617. Kampf G, Loffler H. Dermatological aspects of a successful<br />

<strong>in</strong>troducti<strong>on</strong> and c<strong>on</strong>t<strong>in</strong>uati<strong>on</strong> of alcohol-based hand rubs<br />

for hygienic hand dis<strong>in</strong>fecti<strong>on</strong>. Journal of Hospital Infecti<strong>on</strong>,<br />

2003, 55:1–7.<br />

618. Schwanitz HJ et al. Sk<strong>in</strong> care management: educati<strong>on</strong>al<br />

aspects. Internati<strong>on</strong>al Archives of Occupati<strong>on</strong>al and<br />

Envir<strong>on</strong>mental <strong>Health</strong>, 2003, 76:374–381.<br />

619. Sultana B et al. Effects of age and race <strong>on</strong> sk<strong>in</strong> c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong><br />

and bacterial counts <strong>on</strong> hands of ne<strong>on</strong>atal ICU nurses. Heart<br />

& Lung, 2003, 32:283–289.<br />

620. Smith DR et al. <strong>Hand</strong> dermatitis am<strong>on</strong>g nurses <strong>in</strong> a newly<br />

develop<strong>in</strong>g regi<strong>on</strong> of Ma<strong>in</strong>land Ch<strong>in</strong>a. Internati<strong>on</strong>al Journal<br />

of Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Studies, 2005, 42:13–19.<br />

621. Smith DR et al. <strong>Hand</strong> dermatitis risk factors am<strong>on</strong>g<br />

cl<strong>in</strong>ical nurses <strong>in</strong> Japan. Cl<strong>in</strong>ical Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Research, 2006,<br />

15:197–208.<br />

622. Hannuksela M. Moisturizers <strong>in</strong> the preventi<strong>on</strong> of c<strong>on</strong>tact<br />

dermatitis. In: Elsner P et al., eds. Preventi<strong>on</strong> of c<strong>on</strong>tact<br />

dermatitis. Current problems <strong>in</strong> dermatology. Basel, Karger,<br />

1996:214–220.<br />

623. Berndt U et al. Efficacy of a barrier cream and its vehicle as<br />

protective measures aga<strong>in</strong>st occupati<strong>on</strong>al irritant c<strong>on</strong>tact<br />

dermatitis. C<strong>on</strong>tact Dermatitis, 2000, 42:77–80.<br />

624. McCormick RD, Buchman TL, Maki DG. Double-bl<strong>in</strong>d,<br />

randomized trial of scheduled use of a novel barrier cream<br />

and an oil-c<strong>on</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g loti<strong>on</strong> for protect<strong>in</strong>g the hands of<br />

health care workers. American Journal of Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol,<br />

2000, 28:302–310.<br />

625. Rams<strong>in</strong>g DW, Agner T. Preventive and therapeutic effects<br />

of a moisturizer. An experimental study of human sk<strong>in</strong>. Acta<br />

dermato–venereologica, 1997, 77:335–337.<br />

626. Kampf G, Ennen, J. Regular use of hand cream can<br />

attenuate sk<strong>in</strong> dryness and roughness caused by frequent<br />

hand wash<strong>in</strong>g. BMC Dermatology, 2006, 6:1.<br />

627. Kampf G et al. Emollients <strong>in</strong> a propanol-based hand rub can<br />

significantly decrease irritant c<strong>on</strong>tact dermatitis. C<strong>on</strong>tact<br />

Dermatitis, 2005, 53:344–349.<br />

628. Becks VE, Lorenz<strong>on</strong>i NM. Pseudom<strong>on</strong>as aerug<strong>in</strong>osa<br />

outbreak <strong>in</strong> a ne<strong>on</strong>atal <strong>in</strong>tensive care unit: a possible l<strong>in</strong>k<br />

to c<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ated hand loti<strong>on</strong>. American Journal of Infecti<strong>on</strong><br />

C<strong>on</strong>trol, 1995, 23:396–398.<br />

629. Kutt<strong>in</strong>g B, Drexler H. Effectiveness of sk<strong>in</strong> protecti<strong>on</strong> creams<br />

as a preventive measure <strong>in</strong> occupati<strong>on</strong>al dermatitis: a critical<br />

update accord<strong>in</strong>g to criteria of evidence-based medic<strong>in</strong>e.<br />

Internati<strong>on</strong>al Archives of Occupati<strong>on</strong>al and Envir<strong>on</strong>mental<br />

<strong>Health</strong>, 2003, 76:253–259.<br />

630. Held E, Jorgensen LL. The comb<strong>in</strong>ed use of moisturizers<br />

and occlusive gloves: an experimental study. American<br />

Journal of C<strong>on</strong>tact Dermatology, 1999, 10:146–152.<br />

631. West DP, Zhu YF. Evaluati<strong>on</strong> of aloe vera gel gloves <strong>in</strong><br />

the treatment of dry sk<strong>in</strong> associated with occupati<strong>on</strong>al<br />

exposure. American Journal of Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol, 2003,<br />

31:40–42.<br />

632. Lars<strong>on</strong> E, Anders<strong>on</strong> JK, Baxendale L. Effects of a protective<br />

foam <strong>on</strong> scrubb<strong>in</strong>g and glov<strong>in</strong>g. American Journal of<br />

Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol, 1993, 21:297–301.<br />

633. Mayer JA et al. Increas<strong>in</strong>g handwash<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> an <strong>in</strong>tensive care<br />

unit. Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol, 1986, 7:259–262.<br />

634. Nobile CG et al. <strong>Health</strong>care pers<strong>on</strong>nel and hand<br />

dec<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>tensive care units: knowledge,<br />

attitudes, and behaviour <strong>in</strong> Italy. Journal of Hospital<br />

Infecti<strong>on</strong>, 2002, 51:226–232.<br />

635. Wendt C. <strong>Hand</strong> hygiene – comparis<strong>on</strong> of <strong>in</strong>ternati<strong>on</strong>al<br />

recommendati<strong>on</strong>s. Journal of Hospital Infecti<strong>on</strong>, 2001,<br />

48(Suppl. A):S23–S28.<br />

636. Kampf G, Muscatiello M. Dermal tolerance of Sterillium, a<br />

propanol-based hand rub. Journal of Hospital Infecti<strong>on</strong>,<br />

2003, 55:295–298.<br />

637. Wurtz R, Moye G, Jovanovic B. <strong>Hand</strong>wash<strong>in</strong>g mach<strong>in</strong>es,<br />

handwash<strong>in</strong>g compliance, and potential for crossc<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong>.<br />

American Journal of Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol, 1994,<br />

22:228–230.<br />

638. K<strong>in</strong>g S. Provisi<strong>on</strong> of alcohol hand rub at the hospital<br />

bedside: a case study. Journal of Hospital Infecti<strong>on</strong>, 2004,<br />

56(Suppl. 2):S10–S12.<br />

639. Vern<strong>on</strong> MO et al. Adherence with hand hygiene: does<br />

number of s<strong>in</strong>ks matter? Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol and Hospital<br />

Epidemiology, 2003, 24:224–225.<br />

640. McBride ME. Microbial flora of <strong>in</strong>-use soap products.<br />

Applied Envir<strong>on</strong>mental Microbiology, 1984, 48:338–341.<br />

641. Kabara JJ, Brady MB. C<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> of bar soap under<br />

<strong>in</strong> use c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>. Journal of Envir<strong>on</strong>mental Pathology,<br />

Toxicology and Oncology, 1983, 5:1–14.<br />

642. Gal D et al. C<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> of hand wash detergent l<strong>in</strong>ked to<br />

occupati<strong>on</strong>ally acquired melioidosis. American Journal of<br />

Tropical Medic<strong>in</strong>e and <strong>Hygiene</strong>, 2004, 71:360–362.<br />

643. Brooks SE et al. Intr<strong>in</strong>sic Klebsiella pneum<strong>on</strong>iae<br />

c<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> of liquid germicidal hand soap c<strong>on</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />

chlorhexid<strong>in</strong>e. Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol and Hospital Epidemiology,<br />

2004, 25:883–885.<br />

644. Parasakthi N et al. Epidemiology and molecular<br />

characterizati<strong>on</strong> of nosocomially transmitted multidrugresistant<br />

Klebsiella pneum<strong>on</strong>iae. Internati<strong>on</strong>al Journal of<br />

Infectious Diseases, 2000, 4:123–128.<br />

645. Hilburn J et al. Use of alcohol hand sanitizer as an <strong>in</strong>fecti<strong>on</strong><br />

c<strong>on</strong>trol strategy <strong>in</strong> an acute care facility. American Journal of<br />

Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol, 2003, 31:109–116.<br />

646. Cimiotti JP, St<strong>on</strong>e PW, Lars<strong>on</strong> EL. A cost comparis<strong>on</strong> of<br />

hand hygiene regimens. Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Ec<strong>on</strong>omics, 2004, 22:175,<br />

196–199, 204.<br />

647. Lars<strong>on</strong> E et al. Assessment of alternative hand hygiene<br />

regimens to improve sk<strong>in</strong> health am<strong>on</strong>g ne<strong>on</strong>atal <strong>in</strong>tensive<br />

care unit nurses. Heart & Lung, 2000, 29:136–142.<br />

648. Lam BC, Lee J, Lau YL. <strong>Hand</strong> hygiene practices <strong>in</strong> a<br />

ne<strong>on</strong>atal <strong>in</strong>tensive care unit: a multimodal <strong>in</strong>terventi<strong>on</strong><br />

and impact <strong>on</strong> nosocomial <strong>in</strong>fecti<strong>on</strong>. Pediatrics, 2004,<br />

114:e565–571.<br />

649. Gould D. Nurses’ hand dec<strong>on</strong>tam<strong>in</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> practice: results of<br />

a local study. Journal of Hospital Infecti<strong>on</strong>, 1994, 28:15–30.<br />

650. Noritomi DT et al. Is compliance with hand dis<strong>in</strong>fecti<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong><br />

the <strong>in</strong>tensive care unit related to work experience? Infecti<strong>on</strong><br />

C<strong>on</strong>trol and Hospital Epidemiology, 2007, 28:362–364.<br />

651. Rosenthal VD et al. Effect of educati<strong>on</strong> and performance<br />

feedback <strong>on</strong> handwash<strong>in</strong>g: the benefit of adm<strong>in</strong>istrative<br />

support <strong>in</strong> Argent<strong>in</strong>ean hospitals. American Journal of<br />

Infecti<strong>on</strong> C<strong>on</strong>trol, 2003, 31:85–92.<br />

223

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!