WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care - Safe Care ...

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Reporting & Learning: Gabriela Garcia Castillejos, Martin Fletcher, Sebastiana Gianci, Christine Goeschel, Helen Hughes, Edward Kelley, Kristine Stave Research and Knowledge Management: Maria Ahmed, Katthyana Aparicio, David Bates, Helen Hughes, Itziar Larizgoitia, Pat Martin, Carolina Nakandi, Nittita Prasopa-Plaizier, Kristine Stave, Albert Wu, Lorri Zipperer Safe Surgery Saves Lives: William Berry, Mobasher Butt, Priya Desai, Gerald Dziekan, Lizabeth Edmondson, Luke Funk, Atul Gawande, Alex Haynes, Sooyeon Hwang, Agnès Leotsakos, Elizabeth Morse, Douglas Noble, Sukhmeet Panesar, Paul Rutter, Laura Schoenherr, Kristine Stave, Thomas Weiser, Iain Yardley Solutions & High 5s: Laura Caisley, Gabriela Garcia- Castillejos, Felix Greaves, Edward Kelley, Claire Lemer, Agnès Leotsakos, Douglas Noble, Dennis O’Leary, Karen Timmons, Helen Woodward Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance: Gerald Dziekan, Felix Greaves, David Heymann, Sooyeon Hwang, Sarah Jonas, Iain Kennedy, Vivian Tang Technology: Rajesh Aggarwal, Lord Ara Darzi, Rachel Davies, Gabriela Garcia Castillejos, Felix Greaves, Edward Kelley, Oliver Mytton, Charles Vincent, Guang-Zhong Yang Vincristine: Felix Greaves, Claire Lemer, Helen Hughes, Douglas Noble, Kristine Stave, Helen Woodward <strong>WHO</strong> Collaborating Departments: <strong>WHO</strong> Lyon Office for National Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Epidemic and Pandemic Alert and Response, Health Security and Environment Cluster Blood Transfusion Safety, Essential Health Technologies, Health Systems and Services Cluster Clinical Procedures, Essential Health Technologies, Health Systems and Services Cluster Making Pregnancy Safer, Reproductive Health and Research, Family and Community Health Cluster Policy, Access and Rational Use, Medicines Policy and Standards, Health Systems and Services Cluster Vaccine Assessment and Monitoring, Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, Family and Community Health Cluster Water, Sanitation and Health, Protection of the Human Environment, Health Security and Environment Cluster Permission to reproduce Chapters 7 to 9 and 21.4 are adapted from Pittet 885 and Sax 1 with permission from Elsevier. Chapter 17 is adapted from “Allegranzi B et al. Religion and culture: potential undercurrents influencing hand hygiene promotion in health care. American Journal of Infection Control, 2009, 37:28- 34” with permission from Mosby, Inc. <strong>WHO</strong> acknowledges the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), in particular the members of the Infection Control Programme, for their active participation in developing this material. 261
<strong>WHO</strong> GUIDELINES ON HAND HYGIENE IN HEALTH CARE Conflict of Interest Statement Development of the <strong>WHO</strong> <strong>Guidelines</strong> on Hand Hygiene in Health Care For the purpose of finalizing the <strong>WHO</strong> <strong>Guidelines</strong> on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, “Declaration of interest” forms from the technical experts who contributed to the content of the <strong>Guidelines</strong> were gathered. All 27 of these experts contributed to the development of the <strong>Guidelines</strong> through their participation in five experts’ consultations and core group meetings. There was no conflict of interest disclosed among the experts contributing to the content of the <strong>Guidelines</strong> apart from four persons who have disclosed the following information: • Dr John Boyce disclosed that he had contract agreements and consultancies with GOJO, Clorox, Advanced Sterilization Products, Soap and Detergent Association, 3M Corporation, Dial Corporation and Mycrocept. Some arrangements with GOJO and Clorox focused on hand hygiene in health-care settings. He has received funding for research on diverse topics ranging from comparison of alcohol-based hand rub products and frequency of their use in an observational trial conducted in a health-care setting, to assessing the cleanliness of environmental surfaces in a health-care setting (not directly related to hand hygiene) and advice regarding products intended for surgical hand scrub. Dr Boyce has received honorariums from Clorox and Advanced Sterilization Products as a board member for attending annual meetings where hand hygiene was one of the subject areas of discussion. • Professor Barry Cookson received an education grant from GOJO which was added to funding from a Department of Health, UK, grant .The funds were used to assess the effectiveness of the national hand hygiene campaign being implemented in all NHS Trusts over a period of four years. Professor Cookson has been a consultant for 3M, Biomerieux, Wyeth, Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline Beecham and Momentum on matters not related to hand hygiene or hand hygiene products. With regard to the specific content contribution to <strong>Guidelines</strong> development, the above-mentioned experts have co-authored or provided input to the following chapters: I.7. Transmission of pathogens on hands (J. Boyce) I.8. Models of hand transmission (J. Boyce) I.9. Relationship between hand hygiene and acquisition of health care-associated pathogens (J. Boyce) I.13. Surgical hand preparation: state of the art (J. Boyce) I.23.7. Safety issues related to alcohol-based preparations (J. Boyce) III.3. Cost-effectiveness of hand hygiene (J. Boyce) I.1. III.3. VI. I.17. Monitoring hand hygiene compliance (B. Cookson) Cost-effectiveness of hand hygiene (B. Cookson) Comparison of hand hygiene national guidelines (B. Cookson) Religious and cultural aspects of hand hygiene (Z. Memish) V. Patient involvement in hand hygiene promotion (M. McGuckin) None of the above-mentioned authors contributed to chapter I.11. "Review of preparations used for hand hygiene", or to chapter I.12 "<strong>WHO</strong>-recommended handrub formulation". • Dr Ziad Memish disclosed that he has contract agreements with GlaxoSmithKline and Wyeth on research trials on vaccines and has not provided consultancy on any matters related to hand hygiene or hand hygiene products. • Dr Maryanne McGuckin disclosed that she has contract agreements with Ecolab, GOJO and Medline for the sole purpose of providing their clients (health-care facilities) with enrolment in her hand hygiene compliance and benchmarking programme. She receives compensation from these companies for this service but does not recommend or promote the use of any hand hygiene products. Currently, Dr. McGuckin receives no funding from these companies for her research and development work. She holds shares in Steris as part of an independent portfolio. 262
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REFERENCES 35. Jroundi I et al. Pre
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