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CHAPTER 11
THE EDUCATION
The participant’s memories revolve around the time of the war or a few years
prior. There were two schools, one for girls and one for boys. The majority remember
best the postwar years, when Spain was doing so bad economically that they could not
even turn on the heaters. Various participants coincided remembering how everyone,
beginning with the teachers, had to carry their small tins with hot coals in the winter.
Amongst the many memories that the people had of Ciadoncha’s education are
the “pizzarines”. They were small chalk boards where they wrote and then erased their
writing so that they could be used again.
When I talked about this topic with the women, they told me that they felt that not
so much was obliged from the girls as it was from the boys.
A photo of Franco, the crucifix and a photo of Primo de Rivera was located in all the schools during
Franco’s regime
http://www.teacuerdas.com/images/nostalgia-escuela-libro2.jpg
Historic Context
In the first years of the forties, Spain comes across a difficult situation filled with
poverty and according to some authors, even starvation (Monlau, 2006). The economic
analysts say that the fact that Spain isolated themselves from other countries is what
caused the result of hunger and a mediocre education during those times in Spain. It was
in that time that the handbook of reasoning was established, which lasted 12 years.
Auxilio Social came about- an organization founded by Mercedes Sanz Bachiller,
widow of the Falangist Onésimo Redondo. He is the one that supplied the needy
population by opening food shelters and distribution areas in the streets of the large cities.
This was the first phase of Franco’s government, which is identified by Autarchy
(Muy historia, February 2006). Supposedly Franco himself said that they had to
straighten up the twisted nation (Juliá, 2006, 504). Therefore, he centralized the
education by putting it in the hands of the Catholic Church.
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