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Sheep grazing. 1984 Photo Lucía Varona Bicera, as I call him, had the amiability to invite me to his house to converse. His real name is Florencio Ibáñez, but everyone in the town calls him Bicera. He was one of the town’s shepherds- the only person that still lives there. As I mentioned before, during the good times this place had up to ten or twelve flocks of sheep, each flock with its own shepherd and farm yard. These were besides the herds of cattle made up of calves, cows, mares, mules, etc. that were to replace the farming animals. Bicera has lived in Ciadoncha since 1952. He began as a shepherd, working as watching others sheep for many years, but little by little he bought some sheep for himself and in the end he was only watching his own and living in the house that he had bought in the town. Wanting to know how he survived for so many years in the town, knowing that the agriculture and livestock has endured so many changes, I asked him to tell me about his life as a shepherd. Bisera and his brother-in-law shearing the sheep. Photo provided by Arcadio Varona. 142
He told me that his parents had also been shepherds; therefore it was natural for him to ollow in their footsteps and dedicate himself to this kind of work. First they lived in Santa María where he went to school when he was 8 years old, but then the war broke out and the family moved to Zael, then from Zael to Mahamud. They lived here for 15 years and from there he came to Ciadoncha. Bicera has traveled through many fields with the sheep. With his campechán (simple, natural, without affection) way of talking, he told me that he has always had dogs that helped him. He told me that he would train them to walk on one end and him on the other and this way they were always watching over the flock. He never liked carrying a radio because he said that he could not be distracted. He always had to watch over the sheep and make sure they ate what they were supposed to and not what they shouldn’t eat. Bicera got married in Ciadoncha on the 6th of June. He remembers that there were bulls in the town on that day. From that matrimony he has a daughter who lives in Tordómar and a son who lives in Burgos. He was widowed and tried to begin a new matrimonial life, but that was not the result. Today he lives alone in Ciadoncha and his children are watching over him. Bicera’s children playing with the sheep. Photo provided by Arcadio Varona He told me how, thanks to him having always liked to hunt, he was able to save some money from the salary that he used to receive as a shepherd. “Life has been hard for me”, he told me, and becoming very serious, he continued by saying that in the mornings during the summer he would go out with the sheep very early and returned at noon to eat and would then return to the field. Many times, at night he had to watch over a sheep that was giving birth, or he would be called to help with a cow, or anything like that. He said he did not participate much in the town festivals because most of the time he had to work. “A shepherds work is very hard”, he told me. Many times he returned calado hasta los huesos (soaked) because his umbrella and cap could not protect him from nublados (rain storms). In September he would not return home to eat, but instead would stay out in the field. At any moment that the sheep would lay down, he would also 143
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CIADONCHA SO MANY MEMORIES! Transla
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CONTENT Introduction …………
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this town. The stories are only eng
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For the historical context, I have
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CHAPTER 1 THE TOWN AND ITS PEOPLE C
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A main road crosses Ciadoncha calle
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Well where the water comes out for
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Road to Prescencio in the 70s Photo
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CHAPTER 2 EVOLUTION OF THE POPULATI
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The mobility to the big cities that
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the land owners, nor by the Catholi
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One day, some children came to tell
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CHAPTER 3 A BIT OF HISTORY The name
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CHAPTER 4 THE CHURCH The biggest ar
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A vault with the inscription 1551 i
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Another exceptional piece is that o
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The stained glass window that appea
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contract by the INEM (National Inst
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1919 they attempt again, but again
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the sacristy of the church, wherein
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Returning to a priest’s function
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As was said previously, life in the
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Some nativity scenes are more elabo
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when we have so much food and so mu
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If “el gordo’ does not come for
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A group of women singing the wise m
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Men in the bar after mass. 2006 Pho
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Today is the first (second, third)
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And the procession begins The silve
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And goes to give mass. The allusion
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The last big holiday celebrated in
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CHAPTER 6 THE FOOD The Little Onion
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of thyme. It is then passed to a wi
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Daily life in Ciadoncha during thes
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CHAPATER 7 THE MATANZA The matanza
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Burning the pig’s hair. 1984 Phot
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Cooking the sausages. 1984 Photo Lu
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Making the mixture for the soap. 20
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The wine cellars have been much mor
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Women celebrating someone’s birth
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One of the participants commented t
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With time, the majority of houses i
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The bedrooms had beds with a headbo
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pots full of colorful flowers that
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Angel Varona Temiño with his small
Page 92 and 93: Water fountain. Drinking water in t
Page 94 and 95: The majority of the participants re
Page 96 and 97: CHAPTER 10 THE CYCLE OF LIFE I want
Page 98 and 99: Others who had their children later
Page 100 and 101: The “tabas” were the bones from
Page 102 and 103: The stream brought many memories to
Page 104 and 105: Children playing in front of the sc
Page 106 and 107: Marcos Arroyo with his grandparents
Page 108 and 109: For families, having a son be a pri
Page 110 and 111: Another generation told me that the
Page 112 and 113: The youth from the 70s and 80s had
Page 114 and 115: Emiliano Galiana Porres and María
Page 116 and 117: Youth of the 60s. Photo provided by
Page 118 and 119: Women standing in the doorway of th
Page 120 and 121: participants value the most of this
Page 122 and 123: Cemetery of Ciadoncha in 2006 Photo
Page 124 and 125: Religious Education http://www.geoc
Page 126 and 127: could not do it they could just era
Page 128 and 129: Historic Context In 1954, the gover
Page 130 and 131: Promotion 1964-1970 Photo provided
Page 132 and 133: School for males during the 1950s P
Page 134 and 135: CHAPTER 12 AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOC
Page 136 and 137: One participant who has been a farm
Page 138 and 139: Another participant remembered nigh
Page 140 and 141: Harvesting in Ciadoncha. 1991 Photo
Page 144 and 145: e able to rest a little. During the
Page 146 and 147: Old Machinery In the mid 70s one co
Page 148 and 149: An abandoned cart in the 70s For a
Page 150 and 151: Winnowing on the lands. Photo expos
Page 152 and 153: CHAPTER 13 SANTA BÁRBARA CULTURAL
Page 154 and 155: A true desire for investigation was
Page 156 and 157: smile upon seeing their fathers or
Page 158 and 159: First ethnological exposition. 1991
Page 160 and 161: agricultural culture, but also educ
Page 162 and 163: Cultural Week. 1994. Photo by Photo
Page 164 and 165: Bibliography Antehistoria.com http:
Page 166: Varona, Lucía. T. “La comunidad
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