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To finish interpreting the evolution of the population in Ciadoncha, I will say that the decrease in the population from the years 1960 through 1990 coincides with the decrease of the prices of cereals, the mechanization of agriculture, the formation of the Polos de Desarrollo (Areas of Development) and the famous rural exodus. Many youths between the years 1960 and 1980 left to Bilbao, Barcelona and to the city of Burgos. This was also called the “rural exodus” in the history of Spain and was very strong in Andalusia. Nevertheless, in Ciadoncha, a lot of mobility is seen during this era. The education that the youth had access to during the 80s throughout all of Spain also opened the doors for the professionals of Ciadoncha to practice their professions in large cities, leaving in the town only the older people, who have been farmers their whole life. It is this that began a new stage in the life of the rural Spanish area, in which many youth go to live in large cities, but return to work in the field on weekends or when they have vacations. This can still be seen today in Ciadoncha. According to Juliá, the years 1960 and 1980 is the time when the Spanish society, in general, finally urbanizes and assimilates to any other developed country. The migratory current is first directed from the field to the capital to the province, then to the industrialized regions, and lastly to Europe. According to statistical data, in the 60s, the official number of Spanish emigrants to the rest of Europe is of 110,000, but the unofficial number is of 2,500,000 (Calos Aguilera/Fuente: Spanish Institute of Emigration) Nevertheless, in Ciadoncha, this rural exodus is seen beginning the 60s, extending to the 80s. The first to emigrate, in the 60s, go to Bilbao and Barcelona. In the 70s and 80s they leave to Burgos and very few, later on, leave to other parts of Europe. I commented previously that at the beginning of the 20th century, 77% of the Spanish population was dedicated to agriculture and fishing, but by the 70s, more than 70% of the population was urban, having totally invested the place where the population lived (Pastrana). Although the provincial delegation of Burgos says that Ciadoncha has an approximate population of 141 natives, I believe that this data refers to registered natives, but not to the people who really live in the town. During the winter months the number of natives that reside in Ciadoncha is extremely low. 24
CHAPTER 3 A BIT OF HISTORY The name The professor, Arcadio Varona Madrid, born in Ciadoncha, published a story a few years ago about the town in the magazine called “Ciadoncha, after its footprints” (13- 16). There he explained that the origin of the town’s name is a true unknown for the researchers because in the Foundational Document of the Abbey of Covarrubias it appears as “Cibtatonia”. Further ahead, on the sixth of December of 1209 the term of Ciadoncha begins to appear, but it does not remain clear how it went from Cibtatonia to Ciadoncha. The historian Gonzalo Martínez Díez says. Arcadio Varona Madrid “CIADONCHA.-28-XI-988: Cibtatonia, 6.XI.1209: Ciadoncha, derived from the originating Cibtat at the same time of civitas; the second component does not appear clear at all, possible originating from the suffix of - onica or –onga in the same way that –monte has formed montonica or montuenga” (300) In the town, there are comments that Ciadoncha comes from “Ciudad ancha” (wide city), but there are not any documents that support this version. Birth Varona Madrid comments in the same article previously cited that the date of birth of Ciadoncha can be placed between 915 and 930. Well, administratively, Ciadoncha appears in the census of 1591-1594 as included in the district of Partida Yglesias. At the end of the 17th century it appears as part of the district of Can de Muño, where it appears with the category of town and jurisdiction of secular rule. As of 1843, Ciadoncha begins to form part of the district of Lerma with 200 habitants. Martínez Díez says that Ciadoncha pertained to the Alfoz (administrative division) of Muñó. The alfoces (administrative divisions) were the small districts wherein the county of Castilla was subdivided. The word is of Arabian origin, from the word al-hauz, that means canton or district. This makes it clear that we are before a vocabulary imported from Al-Andalus or the Mozarabics (Christians from Spain submitted to the Arabian domination) that resorted to the repopulation of the Leon and Spaniard lands since the second half of the 9th century. (10). 25
Page 1 and 2: CIADONCHA SO MANY MEMORIES! Transla
Page 3 and 4: CONTENT Introduction …………
Page 5 and 6: this town. The stories are only eng
Page 7 and 8: For the historical context, I have
Page 9 and 10: CHAPTER 1 THE TOWN AND ITS PEOPLE C
Page 11 and 12: A main road crosses Ciadoncha calle
Page 13 and 14: Well where the water comes out for
Page 15 and 16: Road to Prescencio in the 70s Photo
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER 2 EVOLUTION OF THE POPULATI
Page 19 and 20: The mobility to the big cities that
Page 21 and 22: the land owners, nor by the Catholi
Page 23: One day, some children came to tell
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 4 THE CHURCH The biggest ar
Page 29 and 30: A vault with the inscription 1551 i
Page 31 and 32: Another exceptional piece is that o
Page 33 and 34: The stained glass window that appea
Page 35 and 36: contract by the INEM (National Inst
Page 37 and 38: 1919 they attempt again, but again
Page 39 and 40: the sacristy of the church, wherein
Page 41 and 42: Returning to a priest’s function
Page 43 and 44: As was said previously, life in the
Page 45 and 46: Some nativity scenes are more elabo
Page 47 and 48: when we have so much food and so mu
Page 49 and 50: If “el gordo’ does not come for
Page 51 and 52: A group of women singing the wise m
Page 54 and 55: Men in the bar after mass. 2006 Pho
Page 56 and 57: Today is the first (second, third)
Page 58 and 59: And the procession begins The silve
Page 60 and 61: And goes to give mass. The allusion
Page 62 and 63: The last big holiday celebrated in
Page 64 and 65: CHAPTER 6 THE FOOD The Little Onion
Page 66 and 67: of thyme. It is then passed to a wi
Page 68 and 69: Daily life in Ciadoncha during thes
Page 70 and 71: CHAPATER 7 THE MATANZA The matanza
Page 72 and 73: Burning the pig’s hair. 1984 Phot
Page 74 and 75:
Cooking the sausages. 1984 Photo Lu
Page 76 and 77:
Making the mixture for the soap. 20
Page 78 and 79:
The wine cellars have been much mor
Page 80 and 81:
Women celebrating someone’s birth
Page 82 and 83:
One of the participants commented t
Page 84 and 85:
With time, the majority of houses i
Page 86 and 87:
The bedrooms had beds with a headbo
Page 88 and 89:
pots full of colorful flowers that
Page 90 and 91:
Angel Varona Temiño with his small
Page 92 and 93:
Water fountain. Drinking water in t
Page 94 and 95:
The majority of the participants re
Page 96 and 97:
CHAPTER 10 THE CYCLE OF LIFE I want
Page 98 and 99:
Others who had their children later
Page 100 and 101:
The “tabas” were the bones from
Page 102 and 103:
The stream brought many memories to
Page 104 and 105:
Children playing in front of the sc
Page 106 and 107:
Marcos Arroyo with his grandparents
Page 108 and 109:
For families, having a son be a pri
Page 110 and 111:
Another generation told me that the
Page 112 and 113:
The youth from the 70s and 80s had
Page 114 and 115:
Emiliano Galiana Porres and María
Page 116 and 117:
Youth of the 60s. Photo provided by
Page 118 and 119:
Women standing in the doorway of th
Page 120 and 121:
participants value the most of this
Page 122 and 123:
Cemetery of Ciadoncha in 2006 Photo
Page 124 and 125:
Religious Education http://www.geoc
Page 126 and 127:
could not do it they could just era
Page 128 and 129:
Historic Context In 1954, the gover
Page 130 and 131:
Promotion 1964-1970 Photo provided
Page 132 and 133:
School for males during the 1950s P
Page 134 and 135:
CHAPTER 12 AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOC
Page 136 and 137:
One participant who has been a farm
Page 138 and 139:
Another participant remembered nigh
Page 140 and 141:
Harvesting in Ciadoncha. 1991 Photo
Page 142 and 143:
Sheep grazing. 1984 Photo Lucía Va
Page 144 and 145:
e able to rest a little. During the
Page 146 and 147:
Old Machinery In the mid 70s one co
Page 148 and 149:
An abandoned cart in the 70s For a
Page 150 and 151:
Winnowing on the lands. Photo expos
Page 152 and 153:
CHAPTER 13 SANTA BÁRBARA CULTURAL
Page 154 and 155:
A true desire for investigation was
Page 156 and 157:
smile upon seeing their fathers or
Page 158 and 159:
First ethnological exposition. 1991
Page 160 and 161:
agricultural culture, but also educ
Page 162 and 163:
Cultural Week. 1994. Photo by Photo
Page 164 and 165:
Bibliography Antehistoria.com http:
Page 166:
Varona, Lucía. T. “La comunidad
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