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the land owners, nor by the Catholic church giving place to the reinforcement of their
organizations and new confederations, being one of the most important of the
Confederación Nacional Católico-Agraria (Catholic-Agrarian National Confederation),
composed of small owners and leaseholders, from which many the leaders of the political
Catholicism arose.
The abundance of work, overall in the abundance of work, above all in the
construction that there had been up until then, began to become scarce, the discontent
began to generalize itself between the population and the increase of strikes began to
affect not only the regions with estates but also cities that up until had less conflicts, such
as Madrid. It is then that Angel Herrera lances Popular Action under the motto of
religion, homeland, family, order, property and work. The new catholic party created
regardless of Popular Action attacks the republicans as cold pursuers of the Church and
enemies of the Homeland and the socialists as enemies of the property, of the small
peasants, of family and of order.
The socialists rip their coalition with the republicans of the left side. The two
groups (socialists and republicans) present themselves separated in the 1933 elections. As
a result of this the left republic swept of the new Parliament and the socialists saw their
previous representation cut in half.
In the middle of all this political whirlwind, many were left without work. The
right catholic felt each time stronger and adopts public division at the style of Italian
fascism, with large paramilitary concentrations, salutes to the Roman, exaltation of the
leader, and they did not hid their final goals of reaching the power to change the regimen.
Civil War begins in 1936.
Only two of the participants in this study have some vague memories of the
Spanish civil war. That is why I try to include historical context from this era, based on
information found in books and the Internet.
The so called National Edict grouped those sectors damaged by the republican
reforms: the church, the army, the large owners and businessmen, as well as the middle
classes frightened before the advance of the communist or anarchist revolution. They
fixed their capital in Burgos until the end of the war, adopting the monarchical flag as a
symbol of the new State, which al general named Francisco Franco in the front.
The political ideology of Franco picks up plans of Falange Española (Spanish
Falange), as well as traditionalist doctrines of the old Carlists, establishing with it a
dictatorial regimen that annulled the republican reforms and harshly repressed any
contrary ideas and activities. The republican edict, in turn, remained mainly in the hands
of the working organizations whose militants assumed the Republic defense at the same
time that they initiated revolutionary experiences of communist or anarchist character.
This duality, war or revolution, marks the political action and provokes clashes among
the partisans of giving priority to one or another (Valdeón, Pérez and Juliá 2006).
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