Heads-Up Display Modes 35 - Metaboli

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118 Air Combat Basics Homing The most effective type of guidance against evasive targets is homing, when the missile guidance system gets information about the target and produces control commands on its own. Thus, the control post does not guide the SAM. For active homing, the SAM illuminates the target and receives the signals reflected off the target. In the case of semi-active homing, the source of illumination (tracking radar) is located at the control post, and the SAM receives signals reflected from the target. Passive homing systems use heat or light emitted by the target to estimate the parameters of the target’s motion. In general, homing systems operate in the following way: while the SAM rests on the launcher, its seeker is locked onto the selected target, and the parameters of the target’s motion are being measured. After launch the SAM seeker tracks the target, estimates the tracking error, and produces control commands independently from the ground. Combined Guidance As the name implies, some missiles combine guidance methods to improve performance. The Kub (Cube) SAM system (SA-6A Gainful) is an example of a system with combined guidance. This system employs radio-command guidance on the initial part of the missile trajectory and homing when closing in on the target. This provides high accuracy at long range. SAM Engagement Envelope Like air-to-air missiles, SAMs have specific engagement envelopes. Firing at targets within the heart of the envelope increases the likelihood of a hit. Just like air-to-air missiles, the envelope varies based on the target’s range, altitude, and aspect. In the engagement diagram shown, the area defined by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 represent the missile’s effective area. Note that this envelope shifts if the target is moving toward the launcher, in the area defined as a, b, c, d, e. In this case, the missile must be fired at longer range since the target will fly part of the way into the missile. If the missile is fired too late (once the target has crossed the a, b, c line), it passes out of the envelope before the missile arrives. Typical SAM engagement envelope
Air Combat Basics 119 The position of the upper and right boundaries of the envelope mainly depends on the energy capabilities of the SAM and quality of its tracking system. This boundary defines the altitude and range to the collision point providing engagement effectiveness not less than a given threshold. Since the SAM trajectory depends on target speed, altitude, and course, the position of the envelope boundary is calculated for a particular given speed of the target. Maximum effective range of the tracking system is governed by the target’s radar cross-section (or effective reflection area) and altitude, and varies substantially against different-sized targets. If for a certain target the effective range of the radar is less than that of the SAM, this will decrease the engagement envelope. SAMs are generally classified based on their range as: • Long-range (>100 km) • Medium-range (20 to 100 km) • Medium-and-short range (10 to 20 km) • Short-range (
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INSTRUCTION MANUAL CONTENTS Aircraf
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Aircraft Introduction 3 missions at
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Aircraft Introduction 5 forces, sev
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Aircraft Cockpits 7 categorizes the
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Aircraft Cockpits 9 2.107 Attitude
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Aircraft Cockpits 11 2.116 Cabin Pr
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Aircraft Cockpits 13 2.207 Horizont
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Aircraft Cockpits 15 2.219 Armament
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Aircraft Cockpits 17 turn-and-slip
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Aircraft Cockpits 19 Weapons Displa
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Aircraft Cockpits 21 2.316 Warning
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Aircraft Cockpits 23 During landing
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Aircraft Cockpits 25 2.414 Warning
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Aircraft Cockpits 27 During landing
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Aircraft Cockpits 29 2.515 Radar Ho
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Heads-Up Display Modes 31 Navigatio
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Heads-Up Display Modes 33 Lead Comp
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Heads-Up Display Modes 35 Search Di
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Heads-Up Display Modes 37 FLOOD Mod
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Heads-Up Display Modes 39 AIM-120 T
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Heads-Up Display Modes 41 Vertical
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Heads-Up Display Modes 43 Basic Nav
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Heads-Up Display Modes 45 where roc
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Heads-Up Display Modes 47 displays
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Heads-Up Display Modes 49 needs to
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Heads-Up Display Modes 51 Air-to-Ai
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Heads-Up Display Modes 53 Key I O T
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Heads-Up Display Modes 55 Contacts
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Heads-Up Display Modes 57 The HUD w
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Heads-Up Display Modes 59 BVR Mode
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Heads-Up Display Modes 61 immediate
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Heads-Up Display Modes 63 Step 2. S
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Heads-Up Display Modes 65 When the
Page 69 and 70: Heads-Up Display Modes 67 Attacking
Page 71 and 72: Sensors 69 called the Pulse Repetit
Page 73 and 74: Sensors 71 hLarger patterns take lo
Page 75 and 76: Sensors 73 hYou cannot fire AIM-7 m
Page 77 and 78: Sensors 75 step is to designate the
Page 79 and 80: Radar Warning Receivers 77 Each ico
Page 81 and 82: Radar Warning Receivers 79 5.2 Russ
Page 83 and 84: Radar Warning Receivers 81 h When t
Page 85 and 86: Air-To-Air Missiles 83 Typical Miss
Page 87 and 88: Air-to-Air Missiles 85 Passive Homi
Page 89 and 90: Air-to-Air Missiles 87 chosen type
Page 91 and 92: Air-to-Air Missiles 89 Maximum Mach
Page 93 and 94: Air-to-Air Missiles 91 pressing the
Page 95 and 96: Air-to-Air Missiles 93 Aircraft Win
Page 97 and 98: Air-to-Air Missiles 95 R-73 / AA-11
Page 99 and 100: Air-to-Ground Weapons 97 AIR-TO-GRO
Page 101 and 102: Air-to-Ground Weapons 99 7.102 Mk 8
Page 103 and 104: Air-to-Ground Weapons 101 Being an
Page 105 and 106: Air-to-Ground Weapons 103 RBK-500 C
Page 107 and 108: Air-to-Ground Weapons 105 Unguided
Page 109 and 110: Air-to-Ground Weapons 107 The table
Page 111 and 112: Ground School 109 therefore causing
Page 113 and 114: Ground School 111 account that can
Page 115 and 116: Primary Flight School 113 Alternati
Page 117 and 118: Air Combat Basics 115 AIR COMBAT BA
Page 119: Air Combat Basics 117 post sends gu
Page 123 and 124: Air Combat Basics 121 Low-Level Fli
Page 125 and 126: Air Combat Basics 123 Fight Missile
Page 127 and 128: Air Combat Basics 125 frequency of
Page 129 and 130: Air Combat Basics 127 of time betwe
Page 131 and 132: Weapon Usage 129 WEAPON USAGE Each
Page 133 and 134: Weapon Usage 131 11.204 Using Air-t
Page 135 and 136: Weapon Usage 133 11.402 Using Rocke
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Heads-Up Display Modes 35 - Metaboli

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