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Heads-Up Display Modes 35 - Metaboli

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94 Air-to-Air Missiles<br />

rear fuselage. These are designated R-27Re and R-27TE respectively. Two other<br />

variants are the R-27EM with an improved SARH seeker for better performance<br />

against low-flying and sea-skimming missiles, and the R-27AE with active radar<br />

terminal homing. The Su-27 standard warload includes six R-27s.<br />

Maximum<br />

Range at High<br />

Altitude/Low<br />

Version Russian Guidance Altitude, km<br />

R-27R P-27 Inertial radio-corrected guidance and 80/10<br />

semi-active radar terminal homing<br />

R-27T P-27 All-aspect passive infrared homing 72/10<br />

R-27RE P-27' The same as in R-27R 170/30<br />

R-27TE P-27' The same as in R-27T 120/15<br />

R-27EM P-27BV Inertial radio-corrected guidance and 120/20<br />

semi-active radar terminal homing<br />

(able to destroy cruise missiles at a<br />

height of 3 m above water surface)<br />

R-27AE P-27FB Inertial radio-corrected guidance and 120/20<br />

active radar terminal homing<br />

R-77 / AA-12 Adder<br />

The Vympel R-77 (AA-12 Adder) is a new-generation medium-range AAM. This<br />

missile is unofficially dubbed “AMRAAMski” in the West. The R-77 entered limited<br />

production in 1992 and is primarily intended for the new advanced versions of the<br />

Su-27 and MiG-29. The missile employs radio command guidance on the initial<br />

part of flight and active radar homing on approach to the target (15 km and less).<br />

The R-77 can be effectively used against highly maneuverable aircraft, cruise<br />

missiles, AAMs and SAMs, strategic bombers, helicopters (including helicopters in<br />

hover mode). It can destroy targets moving in any direction and at any aspect<br />

angle, in daytime and at night, in good or bad weather. Its guidance system is<br />

resistant to ECM and is capable of tracking targets against ground and water<br />

clutter. Maximum operating range is 90 km. The missile can attack targets at<br />

aspect angles up to 90°. The R-77 has a maximum speed at high altitude of<br />

Mach 4.0.<br />

Close Air Combat Missiles<br />

R-60 / AA-8 Aphid<br />

The R-60 (AA-8 Aphid) missile is a close air combat missile with all-aspect infrared<br />

passive homing. The maximum operating range is 10 km. The missile normally<br />

flies at Mach 2. The R-60 can be carried by practically any Russian combat aircraft<br />

and by many helicopters, though it is now considered obsolete and often replaced<br />

by the more intelligent R-73.

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