BENEDICT DE SPINOZA: Theological-Political Treatise

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and the Dutch provincial assemblies earlier this century, it led after a time to a complete split. 5 This schism demonstrated in all sorts of ways that decrees designed to regulate religion which were intended to put an end to [theological] disputes, actually have quite the opposite e¡ect, stirring people up rather than disciplining them while other men deem themselves authorized by such laws to arrogate a boundless license to themselves. Besides, such schisms do not arise from an intense passion for truth (which is the fount and origin of amity and gentleness), but from a great lust for power. It is thus plainer than the noonday sun that the real schismatics are those who condemn other men’s books and subversively instigate the insolent mob against their authors, rather than the authors themselves, who for the most part write only for the learned and consider reason alone as their ally. Hence, the real agitators are those who attempt to do away with freedom of judgment in a free republic ^ a freedom which cannot be suppressed. [16] We have thus demonstrated: Theological-Political Treatise (1) that it is impossible to deprive men of the liberty of saying what they think. (2) that this liberty may be accorded to everyone without danger to the right and authority of the sovereign powers, and each person may retain this liberty without risk to their authority so long as no one arrogates to himself licence to promulgate in the state any alteration of the law or act in any way contrary to the existing laws. (3) that each person may possess such liberty without danger to the stability of the state, and that it causes no disadvantages which cannot be easily checked. (4) that each person may possess this liberty without prejudice to piety. 247 (5) that issuing decrees about doctrinal issues is completely useless. (6) Finally, we have proven that not only may this liberty be granted without risk to the peace of the republic and to piety as well as the authority of the sovereign power, but also that to conserve all of this such freedom must be granted. For when, contrary to this, e¡orts are made to strip men of this liberty, and those with dissenting views are summoned to court (albeit not 5 The bitter dispute between the Dutch Remonstrants (Arminians) and strict Calvinist Counter- Remonstrants began over purely theological issues, especially the question of free will, but became more and more political and eventually brought the United Provinces to the verge of civil war, leading directly to the downfall of Oldenbarnevelt and the Orangist coup-d’etat of 1618. 258
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CAMBRIDGE TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF P
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CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridg
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Contents is then asked whether they
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Introduction Spinoza’s aims The T
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Introduction of society more genera
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Introduction The ‘tr ue me aning
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Introduction occurrences they canno
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Introduction often consciously anta
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Introduction Spinoza claims that Ch
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Introduction to form a tactical and
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Introduction of the Early Enlighten
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Introduction churches in his view a
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Introduction deal were the Dutch an
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Introduction and consequently the m
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Introduction should b e p e r mitte
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Introduction The ¢rst of many publ
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Introduction certainly the historic
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1656 July 27, the twenty-four-year-
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Further reading The best recent acc
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Further reading ‘Hobbes and Spino
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Note on the text and translation Th
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Note on the text and translation Bu
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Note on the text and translation un
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Preface 5 [1] If men were always ab
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Preface been most in£uential with
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Preface servitude, as well as our a
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Preface make a fresh examinati on o
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Preface which is that this lib e r
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chapter 1 15 On prophecy [1] Prophe
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On prophecy [6] Truly, however, wha
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On prophecy express or explain in i
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On prophecy ‘But that is not how
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On prophecy spirit’ hatred and me
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On prophecy Further,‘spirit of Go
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On prophecy men’, ‘men were ¢l
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chapter 2 On the prophe ts [1] It f
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On the prophets and miracles to tes
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On the prophets ignorant of future
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On the prophets all remained obscur
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On the prophets put it this way, th
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On the prophets supreme God, or (to
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On the prophets command of the law.
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On the prophets although the words
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chapter 3 On the vocation of the He
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On the vocation of the Hebrews decr
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On the vocation of the Hebrews For
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On the vocation of the Hebrews Scr
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On the vocation of the Hebrews down
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On the vocation of the Hebrews the
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On the vocation of the Hebrews As f
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chapter 4 On the divine law [1] The
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On the divine law ‘a constant and
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On the divine law [6] If we now con
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On the divine law as a ruling, that
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On the divine law common people and
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On the divine law be sweet to you,
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On ceremonies and narratives people
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On ceremonies and narratives God’
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On ceremonies and narratives they a
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On ceremonies and narratives could
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On ceremonies and narratives [16] L
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On ceremonies and narratives chroni
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chapter 6 81 On miracles [1] Just a
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On miracles is not distinct from Go
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On miracles without risk of doubt.
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On miracles but cannot to be made o
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On miracles This is why the Jews an
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On miracles [15] Yet someone may pe
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On miracles But this is not the sol
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On miracles I could not infer from
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chapter 7 97 On the interpretation
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On the interpretation of Scripture
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Pentateuch, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, S
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Furtherqueries 32.32). 1 It is word
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Furtherqueries and that his words h
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Furtherqueries It begins,‘Saulwas
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Furtherqueries this topic and chall
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Furtherqueries appears penned corre
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Furtherqueries illustrate all this
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Furtherqueries preserve a space of
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Remaining Old Testament books Philo
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Remaining Old Testament books Again
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Remaining Old Testament books books
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Remaining Old Testament books i m m
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Remaining Old Testament books sever
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chapter 11 Where it is asked whethe
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Apostles and prophets amount to no
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Apostles and prophets preach to eve
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Apostles and prophets [7] However,
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chapter 12 On the true original tex
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Divine law and the word of God in s
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Divine law and the word of God lett
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Divine law and the word of God (3)
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Divine law and the word of God huma
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The teachings of Scripture [2] I ne
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The teachings of Scripture the divi
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The teachings of Scripture [9] It i
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Faith and philosophy p e rs e cute
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Faith and philosophy does not love,
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Faith and philosophy (5) Worship of
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Faith and philosophy condemns as he
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Theology and reason Although this a
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Theology and reason his own authori
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Theology and reason what is properl
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Theology and reason unadulterated a
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chapter 16 189 On the foundations o
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Foundations of the state means ^ by
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Foundations of the state such an ag
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Foundations of the state almost imp
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Foundations of the state sovereign;
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Foundations of the state even if th
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Foundations of the state Since by t
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The Hebrew state in the time of Mos
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The Hebrew state and its history su
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Page 572: Sovereign powers and religion [3 ]
Page 576: Sovereign powers and religion that
Page 580: Sovereign powers and religion piety
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Page 596: Afreestate suppressing men’s awar
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Page 614: Annotations: Spinoza’s supplement
Page 618: Annotations the ability, while awak
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Page 630: Annotations A n notatio n 20 (p. 13
Page 634: Annotations on, is a r idiculous ¢
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Page 642: Annotations 266 Annotation 38:(p.21
Page 646: Index Abigail 29 ‘abovenature’,
Page 650: Index philosopher xlvi, 37, 110, 11
Page 654: Index 247, 249, 251, 252, 253, 255,
Page 658: Kant Critique of Practical Reason (
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BENEDICT DE SPINOZA: Theological-Political Treatise

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