BENEDICT DE SPINOZA: Theological-Political Treatise

1656 July 27, the twenty-four-year-old Spinoza expelled from the
Synagogue and placed under a general ban in the Jewish world
by the Amsterdam Sephardic rabbis.
1656 Spinoza writes his Apologia against the rabbis in Spanish, a
work later lost.
1655^7 Probable timing of Spinoza’s attendance at philosophy lectures
in Leiden.
1660 The end of the Cromwellian Commonwealth in England and
Restoration of the English Monarchy.
1660 Publication of the ¢rst work of Dutch ‘democratic republicanism’,
Johan de la Court’s Considerations of State.
1661^2 Spinoza’s encounter, via cross-Channel correspondence, with
Robert Boyle.
1663 Spinoza moves house from Rijnsburg (near Leiden) to Voorburg
(nearThe Hague).
1663 Publication of Spinoza’s geometric exposition of the principles
of Descartes’ philosophy, the only work to be published under
his own name during his life-time, together with his own Cogitata
metaphysica inserted as an appendix.
1664^7 The English seize New Amsterdam (New York); the Second
Anglo-Dutch War.
1665 Van den Enden’s Free Political Institutions anonymously published
in Amsterdam.
1666 Lodewijk Meyer’s Philosophia published by Rieuwertsz in
Amsterdam.
1668 The trial and imprisonment in Amsterdam of the Dutch freethinker
Adriaen Koerbagh.
1669 Spinoza moves house from Voorburg to the centre of The
Hague (Pavilioensgracht).
1669^70
1672^4
TractatusTheologico -Politicus clandestinely published inAmsterdam.
Third Anglo-Dutch War.
Chronology
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