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the annual report of the council of economic advisers
Page 1 and 2: ECONOMIC REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT To
Page 4: C O N T E N T S ECONOMIC REPORT OF
Page 8 and 9: economic report of the president To
Page 10 and 11: year-old. In the meantime, I’m go
Page 14: letter of transmittal Council of Ec
Page 17 and 18: Energy.............................
Page 19 and 20: POLICIES TO FOSTER PRODUCTIVITY GRO
Page 21 and 22: FIGURES 1.1. Monthly Change in Priv
Page 23 and 24: 5.1. Nonfarm Private Business Produ
Page 25 and 26: Box 4-1: Box 4-2: Box 4-3: Box 4-4:
Page 27 and 28: Figure 1-1 Monthly Change in Privat
Page 29 and 30: Figure 1-2 U.S. Merchandise and Ove
Page 31 and 32: potential debt-ceiling breach. Ulti
Page 33 and 34: instituted a range of measures that
Page 35 and 36: this year, Congress passed appropri
Page 37 and 38: on foreign energy sources while cre
Page 39 and 40: help move the Federal government cl
Page 41 and 42: Figure 1-10 Growth in Real Average
Page 43 and 44: Figure 1-12 Building Permits for Ne
Page 45 and 46: skilled inventors and entrepreneurs
Page 47 and 48: the decline in union membership. As
Page 50 and 51: C H A P T E R 2 THE YEAR IN REVIEW
Page 52 and 53: Figure 2-1 Mean GDP Growth, 2007-20
Page 54 and 55: esult, the U.S. Government went int
Page 56 and 57: it likely will be appropriate to ma
Page 58 and 59: Figure 2-4 Treasury Bills Maturing
Page 60 and 61: Figure 2-5 Current Account Balance
Page 62 and 63:
long-term budget deficit, the highe
Page 64 and 65:
could support a rise in consumption
Page 66 and 67:
the methodological revisions (such
Page 68 and 69:
Figure 2-10 Real State and Local Go
Page 70 and 71:
Billions of dollars 250 200 150 100
Page 72 and 73:
account deficit recently reached a
Page 74 and 75:
According to the Office of the Unit
Page 76 and 77:
Figure 2-15 Housing Starts, 1960-20
Page 78 and 79:
Figure 2-17 Cumulative Over- and Un
Page 80 and 81:
Trillion Btu 1,800 1,600 1,400 Figu
Page 82 and 83:
Box 2-3: The Climate Action Plan In
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 2-24 Unemployment Rate by Du
Page 86 and 87:
following the business-cycle trough
Page 88 and 89:
price inflation and a measure of ec
Page 90 and 91:
Table 2-1 Administration Economic F
Page 92 and 93:
Table 2-2 Supply-Side Components of
Page 94 and 95:
The ratio of real GDP to nonfarm bu
Page 96 and 97:
C H A P T E R 3 THE ECONOMIC IMPACT
Page 98 and 99:
etter trajectory for long-run growt
Page 100 and 101:
Table 3-1 Forecasted and Actual Rea
Page 102 and 103:
(4) To invest in transportation, en
Page 104 and 105:
Table 3-2 An Overview of Recovery A
Page 106 and 107:
Enacted 2009 Table 3-4 Fiscal Suppo
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Percent 6.0 5.0 Figure 3-4 Fiscal E
Page 110 and 111:
Financial Industry. TARP and other
Page 112 and 113:
attempt to maintain stable inflatio
Page 114 and 115:
Percent 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
Page 116 and 117:
the Recovery Act was phasing down.
Page 118 and 119:
Figure 3-9 Change in Nonfarm Employ
Page 120 and 121:
eal GDP growth in this recovery (2.
Page 122 and 123:
y systemic crises during the 1930s
Page 124 and 125:
Figure 3-10 Disposable Personal Inc
Page 126 and 127:
worker to become eligible based on
Page 128 and 129:
Capital Labor Table 3-8 Recovery Ac
Page 130 and 131:
total highway spending in 2010 was
Page 132 and 133:
higher education in the United Stat
Page 134 and 135:
Figure 3-12 Advanced Renewable Elec
Page 136 and 137:
oadband infrastructure (for instanc
Page 138 and 139:
and to set the stage for stronger f
Page 140 and 141:
Table 3-9 Recovery Act Outlays, Obl
Page 142 and 143:
Recovery Act extended and expanded
Page 144 and 145:
city passenger rail, $10 billion fo
Page 146 and 147:
introducing forward-looking behavio
Page 148 and 149:
ecognized onset of the recession. A
Page 150 and 151:
Auerbach and Gorodnichenko (2012) s
Page 152 and 153:
C H A P T E R 4 RECENT TRENDS IN HE
Page 154 and 155:
to the recent slow growth in health
Page 156 and 157:
Table 4-1 Real Per-Capita NHE Annua
Page 158 and 159:
have improved dramatically in ways
Page 160 and 161:
Table 4-2 Recent Trends in Several
Page 162 and 163:
5 4 3 Figure 4-3 Growth in Real Per
Page 164 and 165:
care cost growth: by reducing insur
Page 166 and 167:
substantial changes to the core Med
Page 168 and 169:
Box 4-2: How Will the ACA’s Cover
Page 170 and 171:
high-quality care, this research in
Page 172 and 173:
shared savings based on the total c
Page 174 and 175:
In particular, various recent studi
Page 176 and 177:
Recognizing the importance of other
Page 178 and 179:
2014 $ 140 120 100 Figure 4-5 Infla
Page 180 and 181:
Box 4-4: Premiums on the ACA Market
Page 182 and 183:
There is relatively little empirica
Page 184 and 185:
C H A P T E R 5 FOSTERING PRODUCTIV
Page 186 and 187:
help increase the productivity of t
Page 188 and 189:
Box 5-1: Measuring Multifactor Prod
Page 190 and 191:
Figure 5-1 Nonfarm Private Business
Page 192 and 193:
Figure 5-2 15-Year Centered Moving
Page 194 and 195:
the extent to which productivity ga
Page 196 and 197:
Period Table 5-3 Average Annual Rat
Page 198 and 199:
directly dampen productivity growth
Page 200 and 201:
Figure 5-4 Basic Research Expenditu
Page 202 and 203:
least one foreign-born inventor. Mo
Page 204 and 205:
Figure 5-6 Relative Investment of t
Page 206 and 207:
y enabling greater competition, par
Page 208 and 209:
Figure 5-8 Federal Agencies with Mo
Page 210 and 211:
devices, a 35 percent increase. Thi
Page 212 and 213:
Administration, and $2.5 billion by
Page 214 and 215:
Finally, it is crucial that the ben
Page 216 and 217:
Providers who adopt and demonstrate
Page 218 and 219:
Figure 5-10 Patents Issued in the U
Page 220 and 221:
market forces may be suggesting tha
Page 222 and 223:
Several provisions of the America I
Page 224:
drugs. When generic drugs enter a m
Page 227 and 228:
Optimism was high at the outset of
Page 229 and 230:
Box 6-1: Flaws In The Official Pove
Page 231 and 232:
Box 6-2: A Consumption Poverty Meas
Page 233 and 234:
then setting poverty rates based on
Page 235 and 236:
the head was out of work for a full
Page 237 and 238:
expenditures on medical expenses fr
Page 239 and 240:
for different housing costs across
Page 241 and 242:
Index (1973=100) 160 Figure 6-2 Ave
Page 243 and 244:
Figure 6-3 Women's 50-10 Wage Gap v
Page 245 and 246:
that child poverty increases by 8.5
Page 247 and 248:
labor market to further encourage w
Page 249 and 250:
Percent 30 Figure 6-5 Trends in Mar
Page 251 and 252:
Percent 30 Figure 6-6 Trends in Mar
Page 253 and 254:
Table 6-2 Poverty Rate Reduction fr
Page 255 and 256:
Figure 6-7 Percentage Point Impact
Page 257 and 258:
effects in the same range for Wisco
Page 259 and 260:
Figure 6-9 Real Per Capita Expendit
Page 261 and 262:
Figure 6-10 Economic Mobility for C
Page 263 and 264:
eliminating child poverty, the bene
Page 265 and 266:
Expanding Health Care Security The
Page 267 and 268:
Box 6-5: Raising the Minimum Wage I
Page 269 and 270:
schools. The School Improvement Gra
Page 271 and 272:
create individually, it is very dif
Page 273 and 274:
level was $11 billion (about $71 bi
Page 275 and 276:
Box 7-1: Impact Evaluations, Proces
Page 277 and 278:
entrepreneurs are more likely than
Page 279 and 280:
to the treatment and control groups
Page 281 and 282:
tool in the private sector for ongo
Page 283 and 284:
Impact of the Evidence-Based Agenda
Page 285 and 286:
the FAFSA with the income informati
Page 287 and 288:
home visiting programs to reach add
Page 289 and 290:
egulators have been hesitant to app
Page 291 and 292:
there are models that effectively s
Page 293 and 294:
esearch to help facilitate ongoing
Page 295 and 296:
government programs. Key considerat
Page 297 and 298:
strategy has been used recently to
Page 299 and 300:
mental health block grant programs
Page 301 and 302:
To help address these barriers, the
Page 303 and 304:
also using cutting-edge technology
Page 305 and 306:
_____. 2013. Data update to “Inco
Page 307 and 308:
European Central Bank. 2012. “Pre
Page 309 and 310:
Angrist, Joshua D., and Jörn-Steff
Page 311 and 312:
___. 2010i. “Cost Estimate: Budge
Page 313 and 314:
Executive Office of the President a
Page 315 and 316:
Office of Science and Technology Po
Page 317 and 318:
___. 2008. Speech at the Wall Stree
Page 319 and 320:
______. 2012b. “Letter to the Hon
Page 321 and 322:
______. 2013b. “Medicaid Enrollme
Page 323 and 324:
Acemoglu, Daron and David Autor. 20
Page 325 and 326:
BLS (Bureau of Labor Statistics).
Page 327 and 328:
Farrell, Joseph, John Hayes, Carl S
Page 329 and 330:
Heckman, James J., Rodrigo Pinto, a
Page 331 and 332:
Mishel, Lawrence, Heidi Shierholz,
Page 333 and 334:
Andersson, Fredrik, Harry J. Holzer
Page 335 and 336:
Chetty, Raj, John N. Friedman, Sore
Page 337 and 338:
Eissa, Nada and Hilary W. Hoynes. 2
Page 339 and 340:
Ichino, Andrea, Loukas Karabarbouni
Page 341 and 342:
Nicholson-Crotty, Sean and Kenneth
Page 343 and 344:
Angrist, Joshua D., and Jörn-Steff
Page 345 and 346:
Dobbie, Will and Roland G. Fryer. 2
Page 347 and 348:
Paulsell, Diane, S. Avellar, E. Sam
Page 350:
A P P E N D I X A REPORT TO THE PRE
Page 353 and 354:
Council Members and Their Dates of
Page 356 and 357:
Report to the President on the Acti
Page 358 and 359:
also worked on several issues relat
Page 360 and 361:
Adrienne Pilot . . . . . . . . . .
Page 362:
Departures in 2013 In August, David
Page 366 and 367:
C O N T E N T S GDP, INCOME, PRICES
Page 368 and 369:
General Notes Detail in these table
Page 370 and 371:
Historical data may be subject to r
Page 372 and 373:
Table B-1. Percent changes in real
Page 374 and 375:
Table B-2. Gross domestic product,
Page 376 and 377:
Table B-4. Growth rates in real gro
Page 378 and 379:
Year or quarter Total Table B-6. Co
Page 380 and 381:
Table B-8. New private housing unit
Page 382 and 383:
Table B-10. Changes in consumer pri
Page 384 and 385:
Table B-11. Civilian population and
Page 386 and 387:
Year or month Table B-13. Unemploym
Page 388 and 389:
Table B-14. Employees on nonagricul
Page 390 and 391:
Year or quarter Table B-16. Product
Page 392 and 393:
Table B-17. Bond yields and interes
Page 394 and 395:
Table B-19. Federal receipts, outla
Page 396 and 397:
Table B-21. Federal receipts and ou
Page 398 and 399:
Table B-23. Federal and State and l
Page 400 and 401:
Table B-25. U.S. Treasury securitie
Page 402 and 403:
SOURCES For each table, this sectio
Page 404 and 405:
B-17. Real personal consumption exp
Page 406 and 407:
B-37. Civilian employment by demogr
Page 408 and 409:
B-57. Manufacturing and trade sales
Page 410 and 411:
B-74. Credit market borrowing Board
Page 412 and 413:
Corporate Profits and Finance B-90.
Page 414 and 415:
B-107. International investment pos
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