MRCSP Phase I Geologic Characterization Report - Midwest ...

CHARACTERIZATION OF GEOLOGIC SEQUESTRATION OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MRCSP REGION
Figure 11.—Map illustrating hand-contouring vs. computer-contouring..........................................19
Figure 12.—An example of using a previously published map to aid interpretation........................20
Figure 13.—Locations of Class I and Class II injection wells ..........................................................23
Figure 14.—Screening map summarizing the saline formations.......................................................24
Figure 15.—Three-dimensional view of the screening map..............................................................25
Figure 16.—Oil and gas fields in the MRCSP region........................................................................28
Figure 17.—Schematic diagram of a CO 2-enhanced oil recovery operation.....................................29
Figure 18.—Top-10 oil fields and top-10 gas fields in the MRCSP region .......................................30
Figure 19.—Gas storage capacity and ranking by state.....................................................................31
Figure 20.—Location of gas storage fields in the MRCSP region.....................................................32
Figure 21.—CO 2 phase diagram ........................................................................................................33
Figure 22.—Diagram for CO 2 of different temperature curves .........................................................34
Figure 24.—Solubility of CO 2 in fresh water ....................................................................................35
Figure 23.—Diagram showing CO 2 density with depth for a typical pressure gradient ...................35
Figure 25.—Diagram showing the decrease in CO 2 solubility with increasing salinity....................35
Figure 26.—Rose Run CO 2-sequestration capacity map...................................................................37
Figure 27.—Gamma-ray density cross-plot derived from digital logs..............................................41
Figure A1-1.—Index map showing relationships of Precambrian tectonic provinces ......................49
Figure A1-2.—Structure map drawn on the top of the Precambrian unconformity ..........................51
Figure A2-1.—Generalized schematic cross section .........................................................................53
Figure A2-2.—Map showing the thickness of the Cambrian basal sandstones interval....................54
Figure A2-3.—Structure map drawn on the top of the Cambrian basal sandstones interval.............56
Figure A3-1.—Map showing the thickness of the basal sands to top of Copper Ridge interval.......63
Figure A3-2.—Structure map drawn on the top of the Copper Ridge Dolomite...............................64
Figure A4-1.—Subcrop and extent map of the Rose Run sandstone.................................................66
Figure A4-2.—Figure showing difference in interpretation of the Rose Run sandstone...................68
Figure A4-3.—Map showing the thickness of the Rose Run sandstone............................................69
Figure A4-4.—Structure contour map drawn on the top of the Rose Run sandstone........................70
Figure A5-1.—Generalized model of Middle and Upper Ordovician carbonate depositional
environments................................................................................................................................74
Figure A5-2.—Regional reconstruction of major depositional and tectonic elements......................75
Figure A5-3.—Representation of Upper Ordovician clastic lithofacies............................................76
Figure A5-4.—Structure contour map drawn on the top of the Knox surface...................................77
Figure A5-5.—Structure contour map drawn on the Lower Silurian (Cherokee) unconformity.......78
Figure A5-6.—Map showing the thickness of the Knox to Lower Silurian unconformity ...............79
Figure A6-1.—Map showing the thickness of the St. Peter Sandstone .............................................82
Figure A6-2.—Structure contour map drawn on the top of the St Peter Sandstone ..........................83
Figure A7-1.—Stratigraphic correlation chart of the Medina Group ................................................85
Figure A7-2.—Oil and gas fields producing from the Medina Group...............................................86
Figure A7-3.—Structure contour map on the top of the Medina Group/“Clinton” sandstone ..........88
Figure A7-4.—Map showing the thickness of the Medina Group/“Clinton” sandstone ...................89
Figure A7-5.—Gamma ray and porosity geophysical log curves......................................................90
Figure A8-1.—Map showing the location of salt solution wells and salt mines ...............................94
Figure A8-2.—Detailed stratigraphic column and geophysical log curves .......................................96
Figure A8-3.—Structure contour map drawn on top of the Onondaga Limestone............................97
Figure A8-4.—Map showing the thickness of the Niagaran to Onondaga Limestone interval.........98
Figure A9-1.—Generalized structure contour map drawn on the top of the Niagaran Group.........101
Figure A11-1.—Stratigraphic correlation chart of the Oriskany Sandstone....................................104
Figure A11-2.—Structure contour map drawn on the top of the Oriskany Sandstrone...................105
Figure A11-3.—Map showing the thickness of the Oriskany Sandstone ........................................106
Figure A11-4.—Interpreted environments of deposition in the Oriskany Sandstone......................107
Figure A11-5.—Geophysical log suite of the Oriskany Sandstone .................................................109
Figure A11-6.—Northwest-southeast cross section of Giffin dome................................................110
Figure A11-7.—Block diagram showing interpreted three-dimensional structure..........................110
Figure A11-8.—Map showing the variations in lithology ...............................................................111
Figure A12-1.—Map showing the thickness of the Sylvania Sandstone.........................................114
Figure A12-2.—Structure contour map drawn on the top of the Sylvania Sandstone.....................115
Figure A13-1.—Map showing the thickness of the Needmore shale ..............................................117
Figure A13-2.—Structure contour map drawn on the top of the Needmore shale ..........................118
Figure A14-1.—General stratigraphic nomenclature for the Middle and Upper Devonian black
shales..........................................................................................................................................119
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