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Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy: An Introduction to TEM ...

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Index 201<br />

Principal plane, 32, 80<br />

Probe,<br />

electron, 17, 126<br />

scanning, 21<br />

Prism<br />

glass, 30<br />

magnetic, 172<br />

Pulse-height analysis, 163<br />

Pump,<br />

cryo, 91<br />

diffusion, 89<br />

ion, 90<br />

rotary, 88<br />

turbomolecular, 90<br />

Pupil <strong>of</strong> the eye, 3<br />

Quantum number, 155<br />

Quadrupole, 52, 54, 173<br />

Raster scanning, 17, 126<br />

Radiation damage, 151, 182<br />

Ray diagram, 32, 34<br />

Rayleigh criterion, 4, 81<br />

Refractive index, 8, 30<br />

Relativistic mass, 68<br />

Replica, 103<br />

Resist, 151<br />

Resis<strong>to</strong>r,<br />

bias, 61, 70<br />

feedback, 69<br />

Resolution,<br />

<strong>of</strong> eye, 5<br />

<strong>of</strong> light microscope, 6<br />

<strong>of</strong> retina, 4<br />

<strong>of</strong> SEM, 144, 125, 126<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>TEM</strong>, 82, 180, 182<br />

Richardson law, 59<br />

Ripple, 43, 49, 69<br />

Ronchigram, 182<br />

Rotation angle <strong>of</strong> image, 42<br />

Rutherford scattering, 93, 193<br />

Rydberg energy, 155<br />

Saturated filament, 62<br />

Scanning,<br />

digital, 127<br />

raster, 126, 17<br />

Scattering, 93<br />

angular distribution, 97<br />

cross section, 97<br />

elastic, 96<br />

inelastic, 96, 49<br />

Scattering contrast, 80<br />

Scintilla<strong>to</strong>r, 134<br />

Secondary electrons, 17<br />

Screen,<br />

SEM display, 128<br />

<strong>TEM</strong> viewing, 85<br />

Screening, 99<br />

SEM, 17, 125<br />

environmental, 149<br />

low-voltage, 149<br />

SE1 component, 143<br />

Shadowing, 104, 136<br />

Single scattering, 99<br />

Spatial resolution,<br />

<strong>of</strong> the retina, 4<br />

<strong>of</strong> the eye, 5<br />

<strong>of</strong> a light microscope, 6<br />

Specimen,<br />

amorphous, 100<br />

cross-sectional, 124<br />

insulating, 148<br />

polycrystalline, 96<br />

single-crystal, 112<br />

<strong>TEM</strong> thickness, 101, 88<br />

Specimen preparation,<br />

SEM, 147<br />

<strong>TEM</strong>, 119<br />

Specimen stage, 75, 57<br />

Spectroscopy,<br />

Auger, 171<br />

energy-loss, 172<br />

x-ray, 161, 168<br />

Staining, 6, 15, 101

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