National Microfinance Study of Sri Lanka: Survey of Practices and ...

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The Wanni Area Microfinance Overview Table 73 The Wanni Area Microfinance Activity Type of Organisation No of Units No. of Savings A/Cs Total Savings (SLR ) No. of Loans Loans in 2000 (SLR ) CARE 38 - - 2,248 14,003,620 CRBs 17,419 15,070,000 - - FORUT 2 553 715,123 202 991,000 OXFAM 16 1,162 5,450,221 Total 17,972 15,785,123 3,612 20,444,841 According to sources inside the Wanni, the total population of the Wanni is 328,000. Loans According to the survey, there were 3,612 loans taken in the district during the year 2000. The total value of loans disbursed for the same period is SLR 20,444,841. This equates to an average sum of SLR 5,660.25 In terms of population, the total number and volume of loans referred to in the table above is the equivalent of one loan per 90.81 people or SLR 62.33 per person in the Wanni for the year 2000. Savings Savings information is limited for this district. Total volume of savings identified is SLR 15,785,123. A total of 17,972 savings accounts were identified. From this an average of SLR 878.32 per account can be calculated. In terms of population, the total amount of savings as of the close of the year 2000 is the equivalent of SLR 48.13 per person in the district or one savings account per 18.25 people.
Local NGOs In the event it was not possible to distribute the survey’s NGO questionnaire into the Wanni region. However, it is known that there was a minimum of 29 discrete NGOs practising micro-credit through the use of revolving loan funds in the Wanni in 2000. In addition, 10 of these NGOs operate in more than 1 location. The WWDF, for example, has been funded by four different projects and operates micro-credit in both Mullaitivu and Kilinochchi districts. Furthermore, at least 9 fishing cooperatives and 1 FCS union have received loans and are practising micro-credit. District Notes CARE International’s microfinance activity has been implemented through 2 main projects, namely the Food Security Project funded by CIDA and Micro Projects funded by UNHCR. The FSP works with NGOs, FCSs and S&C groups and the Micro Projects work mainly at the NGO level, although with some cooperatives. In the uncleared part of Mannar, for example, CARE Micro Projects have funded 18 NGOs and FCSs since 1994. With a total number of 5,404 loans (4,299 – male, 1,105 – female) totalling SLR 23,474,296 with an average loan size of SLR 24,104. Loans have been given for fishing, highland crop cultivation, paddy cultivation, poultry and goat rearing, chilli and onion cultivation, home gardening and small businesses. CARE have just started 2 new projects that involve microfinance components and will be ongoing for the next 3-4 years. The first project ‘LIFT’ is funded by CIDA as a follow on from the previous Food Security Project. A second project, ‘Wanni Development’, is funded by the Dutch Government. OXFAM presently have 7 projects ongoing in the Wanni, 5 of which have an RLF component. However, micro-credit activities are continuing from previous projects and are still being monitored. Overall, OXFAM have funded at least 37 projects in the Wanni in recent years of which 18 have had an RLF component used for purposes such as income generation, training, paddy cultivation, highland cultivation, poultry farming and weaving. As funders of various micro project activity since 1993-1994, UNHCR have been a major donor of microfinance in recent years. Detailed financial information was not forthcoming. However, it is estimated that during the year 2000, loans dispersed from micro projects funded NGOs totalled 2068 loans with a value of SLR 12,913,620. Although UNHCR’s micro projects funding continues, they have recently decided to cease funding micro finance activities. For more details see UNHCR’s ‘profile’ in Part A of this report. SCN partners with PTDO in Mallavi implementing programmes in the Thunukkai division and with PPDRO in Kaluvanchikudi implementing programmes in the Vellavely division.
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National Microfinance Study of Sri
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(b) Lenders .......................
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Introduction into the pawning busin
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Microfinance Overview .............
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Savings ...........................
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List of Tables Table 1 Microfinance
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Table 70 Ratnapura District Microfi
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JBIC MFI MFN MIS MPCS MSME NCPPDP N
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Figure 1 Map of per Capita Value of
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Figure 3 Map of per Capita Value of
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Executive Summary This report provi
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Practitioner Microfinance Activity
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As a result the banks are moving aw
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The operating conditions of the con
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Donor Strategies There should be a
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Introduction to the Study The objec
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The survey does not claim to repres
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Introduction Socio-Economic Overvie
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These five years saw a spate of new
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The 'Economic Stream' Employment is
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Microfinance Clients and Beneficiar
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1. Funders of Microfinance in Sri L
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CIDA believes that microfinance act
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The Department For International De
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NOVIB Partnerships tend to be long
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HIVOS The HIVOS Desk concentrates o
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Over time SIDA noted that the loan
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Comment freely given from one of th
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the time period of the project, wit
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Only a very small part of the US 50
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The demand for loans from this fund
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Without permanent access to institu
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This broad strategy means that the
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Beneficiary targeting was generally
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The FCSs were developed the followi
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CARE's new strategy commits the org
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Each CBO determines the level of in
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The project’s overall approach re
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Figure 6 GTZ/JRP - Project Interact
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The Social Development Foundation F
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There are no sector-based quotas ap
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Over the past five years SCN has as
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UNDP in the North & East - The Jaff
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In December 2001 a new UNDP Program
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From previous experience and lesson
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World Vision Lanka WVL believes tha
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Membership Development 3500 3000 25
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Table 14 World Vision - Gramashakth
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ZOA works with community groups in
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At the village society and bank lev
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In Wayamba the sustainability of th
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Table 15 Badulla IRDP - Summary Dat
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DZPDP/WHRDA credit operations comme
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In the initial years they did not f
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Table 18 SPRDP- Loans 1993 to 1999
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(c)Lender-Practitioners The Central
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Society members have access to cred
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The RDBs were re-structured in 1998
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Table 25 Value of Loans Disbursed b
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The total savings and credit issued
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Table 29 Samurdhi - Loans by Distri
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In 1998 SEEDS converted to a separa
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Within the loans from SEEDS funds t
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The Arthacharya Foundation practice
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The program was assisted by some li
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However in general the majority of
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Table 33 Growth of MPCS CRBs -1990
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As at the end of December, 2000 a s
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Some 1,176 of the 1,476 Co-operativ
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A total of 74 NGOs were identified
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Finally only a small proportion of
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Table 38 TCCS Active Societies and
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District Unions - National Federati
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4. Facilitators a) National Level F
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International Centre for the Traini
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Funder-Practitioner Microfinance Ac
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As practitioner experience increase
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Introduction and Approach The major
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State-Owned Banks The Bank of Ceylo
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Starting in 1994, the NCRCS is aime
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The Seylan Bank The Seylan Bank ent
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Figure 9 Linking of the RBIP Tools
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People's Fast reduces loan processi
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In addition, RBIP monitors the impl
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The Hatton National Bank Case Study
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Seylan Bank Case Study The Seylan B
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Until 1961 private pawnbrokers were
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Bank officials stated that PSC staf
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The urban PSCs have on average more
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The lack of flexibility has induced
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From the borrowers perspective not
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The Peoples Bank, on the other hand
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Introduction and Approach Internati
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Displaced populations are dependent
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Large tracts of land have become to
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Public markets, shops, guest houses
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The previous thriving local economy
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The Wanni Access to the area known
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Remembering that these intervention
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This type of situation is seen thro
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People IDPs in welfare centres, sho
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World Vision has been working in al
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small entrepreneurs have received t
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The exception to this is a governme
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There has been some continued acces
Page 212 and 213: Introduction and Approach A distric
Page 214 and 215: The MPCSs were equally disrupted an
Page 216 and 217: The main body of the survey is pres
Page 218 and 219: Local NGOs 11 NGOs were identified
Page 220 and 221: Local NGOs 1 NGO was identified in
Page 222 and 223: Local NGOs 1 NGO was identified in
Page 224 and 225: Local NGOs 2 NGOs were identified i
Page 226 and 227: Local NGOs No NGOs were identified
Page 228 and 229: Gampaha District Microfinance Overv
Page 230 and 231: Hambantota District Microfinance Ov
Page 232 and 233: Jaffna District Microfinance Overvi
Page 234 and 235: Staring in 1998 each DS received SL
Page 244 and 245: Matale District Microfinance Overvi
Page 246 and 247: Matara District Microfinance Overvi
Page 248 and 249: Moneragala District Microfinance Ov
Page 250 and 251: Nuwara Eliya District Microfinance
Page 252 and 253: Polonnaruwa District Microfinance O
Page 254 and 255: Puttalam District Microfinance Over
Page 256 and 257: Ratnapura District Microfinance Ove
Page 258 and 259: Trincomalee District Microfinance O
Page 260 and 261: Vavuniya district Microfinance Over
Page 264 and 265: Summary Microfinance Activity by Ac
Page 266 and 267: The NGO questionnaire survey identi
Page 268 and 269: World Vision Lanka works in 5 distr
Page 270 and 271: Given that these figures do not inc
Page 272 and 273: Overall, 13 of districts had levels
Page 274 and 275: Averages Value of Loans Table 78 Av
Page 276 and 277: Volume and Number of Loans The surv
Page 278 and 279: Findings The key and main findings
Page 280 and 281: Service Providers The service provi
Page 282 and 283: those incapacitated by conflict, wi
Page 284 and 285: Cultures of Dependency in Microfina
Page 286 and 287: Strategic Recommendations The key s
Page 288 and 289: Conclusion The study found that the
Page 290 and 291: Charitoneko, S. and D de Silva (200
Page 292 and 293: Remenyi, J (1991). Where Credit is
Page 294: Technical Appendix
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